Jer 31:31, 32:40 | JFB | STEP | 31. the days . . . new covenant with . . . Israel . . . Judah —The new covenant is made with literal Israel and Judah, not with the spiritual Israel, that is, believers, except secondarily, and as grafted on the stock of Israel ( ). For the whole subject of the thirtieth and thirty-first chapters is the restoration of the Hebrews ( ). With the "remnant according to the election of grace" in Israel, the new covenant has already taken effect. But with regard to the whole nation, its realization is reserved for the last days, to which Paul refers this prophecy in an abridged form ( ).

Jeremiah 31:31

31. the days . . . new covenant with . . . Israel . . . Judah—The new covenant is made with literal Israel and Judah, not with the spiritual Israel, that is, believers, except secondarily, and as grafted on the stock of Israel (Ro 11:16-27). For the whole subject of the thirtieth and thirty-first chapters is the restoration of the Hebrews (Jer 30:4, 7, 10, 18; 31:7, 10, 11, 23, 24, 27, 36). With the "remnant according to the election of grace" in Israel, the new covenant has already taken effect. But with regard to the whole nation, its realization is reserved for the last days, to which Paul refers this prophecy in an abridged form (Ro 11:27).

Jeremiah 32:40

40. (Jer 31:31, 33; Isa 55:3).

not depart from me—never yet fully realized as to the Israelites.

I will not turn away from them . . . good— (Isa 30:21). Jehovah compares Himself to a sedulous preceptor following his pupils everywhere to direct their words, gestures.

put my fear in . . . hearts . . . not depart from me—Both the conversion and perseverance of the saints are the work of God alone, by the operation of the Holy Spirit.