1Sa 13:2, 16, 14:1-14, 49, 18:1-4, 23:17, 1Ch 8:33, 9:39 | TSK | STEP | chose. Michmash.Michmash was situated east of Bethaven, or Bethel; and Eusebius says it was in his time a considerable place, about nine miles from Jerusalem, towards Rama. in Gibeah.

1 Samuel 13:2

chose.

Michmash.Michmash was situated east of Bethaven, or Bethel; and Eusebius says it was in his time a considerable place, about nine miles from Jerusalem, towards Rama.

5,23; 14:5,31; Isa 10:28

in Gibeah.

10:26; 15:34; Jos 18:28; Jud 19:12; 2Sa 21:6; Isa 10:29

1 Samuel 13:16

Gibeah. Heb. Gebah.

1 Samuel 14:1-14

1 Jonathan goes and miraculously smites the Philistine's garrison.

15 A divine terror makes them beat themselves.

17 Saul, not staying the priest's answer, sets on them.

21 The captivated Hebrews, and the hidden Israelites, join against them.

24 Saul's unadvised adjuration hinders the victory.

31 He restrains the people from eating blood.

35 He builds an altar.

37 Jonathan, taken by lot, is save by the people.

47 Saul's victories, strength, and family.

A.M. 2917. B.C. 1087. An. Ex. Is. 404. it came to passupon a day. or, there was a day. Jonathan.

39-45; 13:2,22; 18:1-4; 2Sa 1:4,5,25,26

he told not.

25:19; Jud 6:27; 14:6; Mic 7:5

in the uttermost.

13:15,16; Isa 10:28,29

a pomegranate.The word {rimmon,} in Arabic {romman,} whence the Portuguese {romaa,} denotes the pomegranate, both tree and fruit; called by naturalists {malus punica} or {malo-granatum.} It is, according to the Linnean system, a genus of the {icosandria monogynia} class of plants; and is a low tree, growing very common in Palestine, and other parts of the East. It has several small angular boughs, very thick and bushy, covered with a reddish bark, and some of them armed with sharp thorns. They are garnished with small, narrow, spear-shaped leaves, like those of the myrtle, but not so sharp, of a green colour, inclining to red. Its blossoms are large, beautiful, of an elegant red colour, inclining to purple, composed of several stalks resembling a rose, in the hollow of the cup: this cup is oblong, hard, purple, having a figure somewhat like that of a bell. It is chiefly valued for its fruit, which is exceedingly beautiful, of the form and size of a large apple, with a reddish rind, and red within; being full of small kernels, with red grains, replenished with a generous liquor, of which, Sir John Chardin informs us, they still make considerable quantities of wine in the East, particularly in Persia. But as the pomegranate tree, from its low growth, is but little adapted for pitching a tent under, it is probable that Rimmon here is the name of the rock mentioned in Jud 20:45.

Ahiah.

22:9-12,20

called Ahimelech. I-chabod's.

4:21

wearing.

2:28; Ex 28:26-32

the passages.

13:23

forefront. Heb. tooth.

Bozez. i.e., shining. Seneh. i.e., a bush or tooth.

Come.This action of Jonathan's was totally contrary to the laws of war; no military operation should be undertaken without the knowledge and command of the general. But it is highly probable, that this gallant man was led to undertake the hazardous enterprise by an immediate divine impulse; and by the same influence was kept from informing the soldiers, and even from consulting his father, who might have opposed his design.

uncircumcised.

17:26,36; Ge 17:7-11; Jud 15:18; 2Sa 1:20; Jer 9:23,26

Eph 2:11,12; Php 3:3

it may be.

2Sa 16:12; 2Ki 19:4; Am 5:15; Zep 2:3

for there is no restraint.Where there is a promise of defense and support, the weakest, in the face of the strongest enemy, may rely upon it with the utmost confidence.

De 32:30; Jud 7:4-7; 2Ch 14:11; Ps 115:1-3; Zec 4:6; Mt 19:26

Ro 8:31

Do all.

10:7; 2Sa 7:3; Ps 46:7; Zec 8:23

we will pass.

Jud 7:9-14

they.

Ge 24:13,14; Jud 6:36-40

Tarry. Heb. Be still.

this shall be a sign.

10:7; Ge 24:14; Jud 7:11; Isa 7:11-14

out of the holes.

22; 13:6; Jud 6:2

Come up to us.Meaning, that they would cause them to repent of their audacity. This was the favourable sign which Jonathan had requested.

10; 17:43,44; 2Sa 2:14-17; 2Ki 14:8

Come up after me.

Ge 24:26,27,42,48; Jud 4:14; 7:15; 2Sa 5:24

climbed up.

Ps 18:29; Heb 11:34

fell.

Le 26:7,8; De 28:7; 32:30; Jos 23:10; Ro 8:31

an half acre of land. or, half a furrow of an acre of land.The original is obscure and variously understood; but it is probably a proverbial expression for a small space.

1 Samuel 14:49

Jonathan.

31:2; 1Ch 8:33; 9:39

name of the first-born.

18:7-21; 25:44; 2Sa 3:13-16; 6:20-23

1 Samuel 18:1-4

1 Jonathan loves David.

5 Saul envies his praise;

10 seeks to kill him in his fury;

12 fears him for his good success;

17 offers him his daughters for a snare.

23 David persuaded to be the king's son-in-law, gives two hundred foreskins of the Philistines for Michal's dowry.

28 Saul's hatred and David's glory increase.

the soul of Jonathan.The modesty, piety, and courage of David were so congenial to the character of the amiable Jonathan, that they attracted his most cordial esteem and affection; so that the most intimate friendship subsisted between them from that time, and they loved each other with pure hearts fervently. Their friendship could not be affected by the common vicissitudes of life; and it exemplifies by fact what the ancients have written on the subject; [Ten philian isoteta einai, kai mian psychen ton philon heteron auton.] "Friendship is an entire sameness, and one soul: a friend is another self."

14:1-14,45; Ge 44:30; Jud 20:11; 1Ch 12:17; Ps 86:11; Col 2:2

loved him.

3; 19:2; 20:17; De 13:6; 2Sa 1:26; Pr 18:24

took him.

16:21-23; 17:15

made a covenant.

20:8-17,42; 23:18; 2Sa 9:1-3; 21:7

stripped himself.Presents of clothes or rich robes, as tokens of respect or friendship, are frequent in the East.

Ge 41:42; Es 6:8,9; Isa 61:10; Lu 15:22; 2Co 5:21; Php 2:7,8