1 Samuel 29
1 David marching with the Philistines,3 is disallowed by their princes.6 Achish dismisses him, with commendations of his fidelity. the Philistines.28:1,2Aphek.4:1; Jos 19:30; 1Ki 20:30Jezreel.28:4; Jos 19:18; Jud 6:33; 1Ki 18:45,46; 21:1,23; 2Ki 9:36Ho 1:4-11 the lords.6,7; 5:8-11; 6:4; Jos 13:3but David.28:1,2 Is not this David.These words seem to mark no definite time; and may be understood thus: "Is not this David, the servant of Saul the king of Israel, who has been with me for a considerable time?" these days.27:7found.25:28; Da 6:5; Joh 19:6; Ro 12:17; 1Pe 3:16 Make this fellow.The princes reasoned wisely, according to the common practice of mankind; and it was well for David that they were such good politicians: it was ordered by a gracious Providence that they refused to let David go with them to this battle, in which he must have been either an enemy to his country, or false to his friends and to his trust. Had he fought for the Philistines, he would have fought against God and his country; and had he in the battle gone over to the Israelites, he would have deceived and become a traitor to the hospitable Achish. God therefore delivered him from such disgrace; and by the same kind Providence he was sent back to rescue his wives, and the wives and children of his people, from captivity. 14:21; 1Ch 12:19; Lu 16:8 18:6,7; 21:11; Pr 27:14 the Lord.20:3; 28:10; De 10:20; Isa 65:16; Jer 12:16thou hast.Mt 5:16; 1Pe 2:12; 3:16thy going.Nu 27:17; 2Sa 3:25; 2Ki 19:27; Ps 121:8I have not.3the lords favour, etc. Heb. thou art not good in the eyes ofthe lords. Ge 16:6; Jos 22:30; *marg: displease. Heb. do not evil in the eyes of the lords.Nu 22:34 But what have.12:3; 17:29; 20:8; 26:18with. Heb. before. that I may not.28:2; 2Sa 16:18,19; Ps 34:13,14; Mt 6:13 as an angel.2Sa 14:17,20; 19:27; Ga 4:14the princes.4 30:1,2; Ge 22:14; Ps 37:23,24; 1Co 10:13; 2Pe 2:9 And the Philistines.1; Jos 19:18; 2Sa 4:4Jezreel.Jezreel, or Esdrælon, was a city of Issachar, afterwards celebrated as the residence of the kings of Israel, delightfully situated in the extensive and fertile plain of the same name, which extends from Scythopolis or Bethshan on the east to mount Carmel on the west. Eusebius and Jerome inform us, that it was in their time a place of considerable consequence, lying between Scythopolis on the east and Legio on the west; and the latter (on Ho 1.) informs us that it was pretty near Maximianopolis. The Jerusalem Itinerary places it ten miles west from Scythopolis; and William of Tyre says it was called Little Gerinum in his time, and that there was a fine fountain in it, whose waters fell into the Jordan near Scythopolis. See ver. 1.1 Samuel 30
1 The Amalekites spoil Ziklag.4 David asking counsel, is encouraged by God to pursue them.11 By the means of a revived Egyptian he is brought to the enemies, and recovers all the spoil.22 David's law to divide the spoil equally between them that fight and them that keep the stuff.26 He sends presents to his friends. were come.29:11; 2Sa 1:2on the third.This was the third day after he had left the Philistine army at Aphek, from which place, Calmet supposes, Ziklag was distant more than thirty leagues. the Amalekites.15:7; 27:8-10; Ge 24:62; Jos 11:6 slew not.19; 27:11; Job 38:11; Ps 76:10; Isa 27:8,9 burned.Ps 34:19; Heb 12:6; 1Pe 1:6,7; Re 3:9 lifted up.4:13; 11:4; Ge 37:33-35; Nu 14:1,39; Jud 2:4; 21:2; Ezr 10:1 two wives.1:2; 25:42,43; 27:3; 2Sa 2:2; 3:2,3 was greatly.Ge 32:7; Ps 25:17; 42:7; 116:3,4,10; 2Co 1:8,9; 4:8; 7:5the people.Ex 17:4; Nu 14:10; Ps 62:9; Mt 21:9; 27:22grieved. Heb. bitter.1:10; Jud 18:25; 2Sa 17:8; 2Ki 4:27; *marginsDavid.Job 13:15; Ps 18:6; 26:1,2; 27:1-3; 34:1-8; 40:1,2; 42:5,11Ps 56:3,4,11; 62:1,5,8; 118:8-13; Pr 18:10; Isa 25:4; 37:14-20Jer 16:19; Hab 3:17,18; Ro 4:18; 8:31; 2Co 1:6,9,10; Heb 13:6 Abiathar.22:20,21; 23:2-9; 1Ki 2:26; Mr 2:26 enquired.23:2,4,10-12; Jud 20:18,23,28; 2Sa 5:19,23; Pr 3:5,6he answered him.14:37; 28:6,15,16; Nu 27:21; Ps 50:15; 91:15 9 for two hundred.21so faint.14:20,31; Jud 8:4,5the brook Besor.This brook or torrent, it is evident from the circumstances of the history, must be in the south-west part of Judea, and must empty itself into the Mediterranean Sea. In the more particular situation of it writers are not agreed. Some suppose it to be between Gaza and Rhinocorura; but Jerome places it between Rhinocorura and Egypt. It is supposed by some to be the same as the river of the wilderness, (Am 6:14,) and the river of Egypt, Jos 15:4. gave him.De 15:7-11; 23:7; Pr 25:21; Mt 25:35; Lu 10:36,37; Ro 12:20,21 his spirit.14:27; Jud 15:19; Isa 40:29-31three days.13; Es 4:16; Jon 1:17; Mt 27:63 my master.Though they had booty enough, and this poor sick slave might have been carried on an ass or a camel, yet they inhumanely left him to perish; but, in the righteous providence of God, this cruelty was the occasion of their destruction; whilst David's kindness to a perishing stranger and slave was the means of his success, and proved the truest policy. Job 31:13-15; Pr 12:10; Jas 2:13 the Cherethites.Calmet and others suppose that these people, who inhabited the same district as the Philistines, were the aborigines of the island of Crete, from which they derived their name. 16; 2Sa 8:18; 1Ki 1:38,44; 1Ch 18:17; Eze 25:16; Zep 2:5Caleb.A district in the south of Judea, in which were the cities of Kirjath-Arba or Hebron, and Kirjath-sepher, belonging to the family of Caleb. Jos 14:13; 15:13we burned.1-3 Swear.29:6; Jos 2:12; 9:15,19,20; Eze 17:13,16,19nor deliver.De 23:15,16 when he.Jud 1:24,25eating.25:36-38; Ex 32:6,17-19,27,28; Jud 16:23-30; 2Sa 13:28; Isa 22:13Da 5:1-4; Lu 12:19,20; 17:27-29; 21:34,35; 1Th 5:3; Re 11:10-13because of all.Job 20:5 the next day. Heb. their morrow. and there.11:11; Jud 4:16; 1Ki 20:29,30; Ps 18:42 18 8; Ge 14:14-16; Nu 31:49; Job 1:10; Ps 34:9,10; 91:9,10; Mt 6:33 This is David's spoil.26; Nu 31:9-12; 2Ch 20:25; Isa 53:12; Ro 8:37 two hundred men.10came near.Heb 13:1; 1Pe 3:8saluted them. Heb. asked them how they did.Jud 8:15 wicked.22:2; 25:17,25; De 13:13; Jud 19:22; 1Ki 21:10,13those. Heb. the men. Because.Mt 7:12 my brethren.Ge 19:7; Jud 19:23; Ac 7:2; 22:1which the Lord.8; 2:7; Nu 31:49-54; De 8:10,18; 1Ch 29:12-14; Hab 1:16who hath.Ps 44:2-7; 121:7,8 but as his part.This equitable edict was somewhat different from that which had so long obtained in Israel, and by which the spoil of the Midianites was divided: that related to the whole people: this only to the soldiers, some of whom went to battle, while others guarded the baggage. Nu 31:27; Jos 22:8; Ps 68:12tarrieth.25:13 forward. Heb. and forward.16:13 to his friends.1Ch 12:1-15; Ps 35:27; 68:18; Pr 18:16-24; Isa 32:8present. Heb. blessing.25:27; Ge 33:11; 2Ki 5:15; 2Co 9:5 Beth-el.Probably not the celebrated city of this name, but Bethul a city of Simeon, (Jos 19:4,) supposed to be the same as Bethelia, mentioned by Sozomen as belonging to Gaza, well peopled, and having several temples remarkable for their structure and antiquity; and which Jerome says, in his life of Hilarion, was five short days' journey from Pelusium. Ge 28:19; Jos 16:2; Jud 1:22,23; 1Ki 12:29south Ramoth.A city of Simeon; so called to distinguish it from Ramoth Gilead beyond Jordan. Jos 19:8Ramath. Jattir.Jos 15:48; 21:14 Aroer.Jos 13:16Siphmoth.Supposed to be the same with Shepham (Nu 34:10,) on the eastern borders of Canaan. Eshtemoa.Jos 15:50Eshtemoh.Jos 21:14 Rachal.Supposed by Calmet to be the same as Hachilah. 23:19Jerahmeelites.The descendants of Jerahmeel son of Hezron, (1 Ch 2:9, 25-27,) who inhabited a district in the south of Judah. 27:10Kenites.These people inhabited a small tract west of the Dead Sea. Jud 1:16 Hormah.Jos 19:4; Jud 1:17Chorashan.Probably the same as Ashan in Simeon, Jos 15:42; 19:7, which Eusebius says was sixteen miles west from Jerusalem. Hebron.Jos 14:13,14; 2Sa 2:1; 4:1; 15:101 Samuel 31
1 Saul, having lost his army, and his sons slain, he and his armour-bearer kill themselves.7 The Philistines possess the forsaken towns of the Israelites.8 They triumph over the dead carcases.11 They of Jabesh-gilead recovering the dead bodies by night, burn them at Jabesh, and mournfully bury their bones. the Philistines.28:1,15; 29:1fell down.12:25; 1Ch 10:1-12slain. Heb. wounded. Gilboa.Eusebius and Jerome place this mountain six miles west from Bethshan, where was a large place called Gelbus. The natives still call it Djebel Gilbo. 28:4; 2Sa 1:21 followed.14:22; 2Sa 1:6Jonathan.13:2,16; 14:1-14,49; 18:1-4; 23:17; 1Ch 8:33; 9:39Saul's sons.Ex 20:5; 2Ki 25:7 went sore.2Sa 1:4; Am 2:14archers hit him. Heb. shooters, men with bows, found him.Ge 49:23; 1Ki 22:34 Draw.Jud 9:54; 1Ch 10:4uncircumcised.14:6; 17:26,36; 2Sa 1:20; Jer 9:25,26; Eze 44:7-9abuse me. or, mock me. he was sore.2Sa 1:14Saul.2Sa 1:9,10; 17:23; 1Ki 16:27a sword.{Eth hacherve,} rather, "the sword," i.e., his armour- bearer's, who, according to the Jews, was Doeg; and if so, then Saul and his executioner fell by the same sword with which they massacred the priests of God. 1Ch 10:5 4:10,11; 11:15; 12:17,25; 28:19; 1Ch 10:6; Ec 9:1,2; Ho 13:10,11 they forsook the cities.13:6; Le 26:32,36; De 28:33; Jud 6:2 to strip.1Ch 10:8; 2Ch 20:25 cut off.4; 17:51,54; 1Ch 10:9,10to publish.Jud 16:23,24; 2Sa 1:20 they put.The Philistines placed the armour of Saul in the temple of Ashtaroth as a trophy of victory, and a testimony of their gratitude, in the same manner as David placed the sword of Goliath in the tabernacle. 21:9Ashtaroth.Jud 2:13Bethshan.Jos 17:11; Jud 1:27; 2Sa 21:12-14 Jabesh-gilead.11:1; 2Sa 2:4of that. or, concerning him, that which, etc. burnt them there.2Ch 16:14; Jer 34:5; Am 6:10 their bones.Ge 35:8; 2Sa 2:4,5; 21:12-14fasted seven.Ge 50:10Psalms 44:9
43:2; 60:1,10; 74:1; 80:12,13; 88:14; 89:38-45; 108:11; Jer 33:24-26La 3:31; 3:32; Ro 11:1-6
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