2 Kings 18
1 Hezekiah's good reign.4 He destroys idolatry, and prospers.9 The inhabitants of Samaria are carried captive for their sins.13 Sennacherib invading Judah, is pacified by a tribute.17 Rab-shakeh, by blasphemous persuasions, solicits the people to revolt. A.M. 3278. B.C. 726. in the third.9; 15:30; 17:1Hezekiah.16:20; 1Ch 3:13; 2Ch 28:27; 29:1; Mt 1:9,10Ezekias. Twenty and five years old.As Ahaz was 20 years old when he began to reign, and died when he had reigned 16 years, his whole age only amounted to 36 years; and as Hezekiah was, at least, entering on his 25th year when he began to reign, then Ahaz must have been under 12 years of age when his son was born! This is not at all impossible: and there are well-attested facts of men having children at as early a period, especially in eastern countries. A.M. 3278-3306. B.C. 726-698. Abi.2Ch 29:1Abijah. right in the sight.20:3; Ex 15:26; De 6:18; 2Ch 31:20,21; Job 33:27; Ps 119:128Ro 7:12; Eph 6:1according.22:2; 1Ki 3:14; 11:4,38; 15:5,11; 2Ch 29:2 removed.12:3; 14:4; 15:4,35; Le 26:30; 1Ki 3:2,3; 15:14; 22:43; Ps 78:58Eze 20:28,29brake.23:4; De 7:5; 12:2,3; Jud 6:25,28; 1Ki 15:12,13; 2Ch 19:3; 31:12Ch 33:3images. Heb. statues. the brasen serpent.Nu 21:8,9; Joh 3:14,15unto those days.16:15Nehushtan.That is, a piece of brass. trusted.19:10; 2Ch 32:7,8; Job 13:15; Ps 13:5; 27:1,2; 46:1,2; 84:12Ps 146:5,6; Jer 17:7,8; Mt 27:43; Eph 1:12after him.19:15-19; 23:25; 2Ch 14:11; 16:7-9; 20:20,35 he clave.None of the kings of Judah, from the time of the division of the kingdom, equalled Hezekiah in the stedfastness and simplicity of his dependence upon the Lord; in which he aspired to an equality with his progenitor David, who had reigned over the whole land. Even Asa, through weakness of faith, sought the assistance of a heathen prince; and Jehoshaphat formed an alliance with idolatrous Ahab; but Hezekiah clave to the Lord, in entire confidence and unreserved obedience, to the end of his life. De 10:20; Jos 23:8; Ac 11:23from following him. Heb. from after him. kept.17:13,16,19; Jer 11:4; Joh 14:15,21; 15:10,14; 1Jo 5:3 And the Lord.Ge 21:22; 39:2,3; 1Sa 18:14; 2Ch 15:2; Ps 46:11; 60:12; Mt 1:23Mt 28:20; Ac 7:9,10he prospered.Ge 39:2; 1Sa 18:5,14; *marg:2Sa 8:6,14; 2Ch 31:21; 32:30; Ps 1:3; 60:12; Ro 8:31rebelled.20; 16:7 the Philistines.1Ch 4:41; 2Ch 28:18; Isa 14:29Gaza. Heb. Azzah. from the tower.17:9; 2Ch 26:10; Isa 5:2 A.M. 3281. B.C. 723. the fourth year.1; 17:4-6Shalmaneser.17:3-23; Ho 10:14Shalman. A.M. 3283. B.C. 721. they took it.Ho 13:16; Am 3:11-15; 4:1-3; 6:7; 9:1-4; Mic 1:6-9; 6:16; 7:13 the king.17:6; 19:11; 1Ch 5:26; Isa 7:8; 8:4; 9:9-21; 10:5,11; 37:12; Ho 8:8,9Ho 9:3; Am 5:1-3,6,25-27; Ac 7:43Halah.It is thought, with much probability, that Halah, or Chalach, is Ptolemy's Calachene, the northern part of Assyria; that Habor, or Chabor, is the mountain or mountainous country, between Media and Assyria, called by Ptolemy, [Chaboras,] Chaboras; and that Gozan is Gauzanitis of Ptolemy, situated between that mountain and the Caspian sea, and between the two channels of the river Cyrus. they obeyed not.17:7-23; De 8:20; 11:28; 29:24-28; 31:17; Ne 9:17,26,27; Ps 107:17Isa 1:19; Jer 3:8; 7:23; Da 9:6-11; Mic 3:4; 2Th 1:8; 1Pe 2:8; 4:17Moses.Nu 12:7; De 34:5; Jos 1:1; 2Ti 2:24; Heb 3:5,6 A.M. 3291. B.C. 713. the fourteenth.2Ch 32:1-23; Isa 36:1-22Sennacherib. Heb. Sanherib. come up.Isa 7:17-25; 8:7,8; 10:5; Ho 12:1,2 I have offended.7; 1Ki 20:4; Pr 29:25; Lu 14:32 12:18; 16:8; 1Ki 15:15,18,19; 2Ch 16:2 gold.1Ki 6:31-35; 2Ch 29:3it. Heb. them. A.M. 3294. B.C. 710. the king.2Ch 32:9; Isa 20:1; 36:2Tartan.Calmet remarks, that these are not the names of persons, but of offices: {Tartan} signifies "he who presides over gifts or tribute;" {Rabsaris,} "the chief of the eunuchs;" and {Rabshakeh,} "the chief cup-bearer." great. Heb. heavy. the conduit of the upper pool.If the Fuller's field were near En-Rogel, or the Fuller's fountain, east of Jerusalem, as is generally supposed, then the conduit of the upper pool may been an aqueduct that brought the water from the upper or eastern reservoir of that fountain, which had been seized in order to distress the city. 20:20; Isa 7:3; 22:9-11; 36:2 Eliakim.19:2; Isa 22:20-24; 36:3,22; 37:2Shebna.Isa 22:15-19the scribe. or, secretary.2Sa 8:17; *marg:the recorder.2Sa 8:16; 20:24; 1Ki 4:3; 2Ch 34:8 Rab-shakeh.He was the chief speaker, being a very eloquent man, and, according to the Hebrews, whom Procopius follows, an apostate Jew; which is not improbable, as he spoke Hebrew so fluently; and when he blasphemed the Divine Majesty, the king and nobles rent their clothes, which was usual unless the blasphemer were an Israelite. Thus saith.2Ch 32:10; Isa 10:8-14; 36:4; 37:13; Da 4:30What confidence.22,29,30; 19:10; 2Ch 32:7,8,10,11,14-16; Ps 4:2; Isa 36:4,7; 37:10 sayest. or, talkest. vain words. Heb. word of the lips. Ihave counsel and strength for the war. or, but counsel and strength are for the war. Pr 21:30,31rebellest.14 trustest. Heb. trustest thee. the staff.Isa 36:6; Eze 29:6,7upon Egypt.Isa 30:2,7; 31:1-3so is Pharaoh.17:4; Jer 46:17 We trust.5; Da 3:15; Mt 27:43whose high places.4; 2Ch 31:1; 32:12; Isa 36:7; 1Co 2:15 pledges. Heb. hostages.I will deliver.1Sa 17:42,44; 1Ki 20:10,18; Ne 4:2-5; Ps 123:3,4; Isa 10:13,14Isa 36:8,9 How then.Isa 10:8; Da 2:37,38; 4:22,37thy trust.21; De 17:16; Isa 31:1,3; 36:6,9; Jer 37:7; 42:14-18; Eze 17:15,17chariots.Ps 20:7,8 Am I now.19:6,22-37; 1Ki 13:18; 2Ch 35:21; Isa 10:5,6; Am 3:6; Joh 19:10,11 Speak.Perceiving that the object of this blasphemous caitiff was to stir up the people to sedition, they mildly and reasonably required him to make his proposals in the Syrian language. in the Syrian language.Ezr 4:7; Isa 36:11,12; Da 2:4 eat.6:25; De 28:53-57; Ps 73:8; La 4:5; Eze 4:13,15their own piss. Heb. the water of their feet. Rab-shakeh.2Ch 32:18; Isa 36:13-18the king of Assyria.19; Ezr 7:12; Ps 47:2; Isa 10:8-13; Eze 29:3; 31:3-10; Re 19:6 saith.Ps 73:8,9Let not.2Ch 32:11,15; Da 3:15-17; 6:16; Joh 19:10,11; 2Th 2:4,8 make you.2219:10,22; Ps 4:2; 11:1; 22:7,8; 71:9,11; 125:1,2; Mt 27:43; Lu 23:35this city.19:32-34 Make an agreement with me. or, Seek my favour. Heb. Makewith me a blessing. Ge 32:20; 33:11; Pr 18:16eat ye.1Ki 4:20,25; Zec 3:10cistern. or, pit. I come.11; 17:6,23; 24:14-16; 25:11like your own.Ex 3:8; Nu 13:26,27; 14:8; De 8:7-9; 11:12; 32:13,14persuadeth. or, deceiveth.29 Hath any.19:12,13,17,18; 2Ch 32:14-17,19; Isa 10:10; 36:18-20 the gods.19:13; Nu 13:21; 2Sa 8:9; Jer 49:23Hamath.Hamath, there is little doubt, was the Epiphania of the Greeks, as Josephus, Theodoret, and Jerome, expressly assert. It was a celebrated city of Syria, situated on the Orontes, and the present Hamah doubtless occupies its site; as Abulfeda, who was prince or emir of Hamah about A.D. 1345, expressly states, in his Description of Syria, that Hamah is an ancient city mentioned in the writings of the Israelites. It is still a considerable town, situated on both sides of the Orontes, about three days' journey and a half from Tripoli; and must contain, Burckhardt says, at least 30,000 inhabitants. Arpad.Arpad is probably the town of Arphas, mentioned by Josephus as limiting the province of Gamalitis, Gaulanitis, Batanea, and Trachonitis, to the N. E.; and the Raphan, or Raphanea, which Stephanus places near Epiphania. the gods.17:24-33Ava.Isa 36:18,19; 37:11,12,18,19have they delivered.17:6,23,24,30,31; 19:12,13 Who are.19:17; Da 3:15that the Lord.Ex 5:2; 2Ch 32:15; Job 15:25,26; Isa 10:15; 37:23-29 held their peace.Ps 38:13,14; 39:1; Pr 9:7; 26:4; Am 5:13; Mt 7:6 with their clothes rent.5:7; 22:11,19; Ge 37:29,34; Job 1:20; Isa 33:7; 36:21,22; Jer 36:24Mt 26:652 Kings 19
1 Hezekiah mourning, sends to Isaiah to pray for them.6 Isaiah comforts them.8 Sennacherib, going to encounter Tirhakah, sends a blasphemous letter to Hezekiah.14 Hezekiah's prayer.20 Isaiah's prophecy of the pride and destruction of Sennacherib, and the good of Zion.35 An angel slays the Assyrians.36 Sennacherib is slain by his own sons. when king.Isa 37:1-7he rent.5:7; 18:37; 1Sa 4:12; Ezr 9:3; Job 1:20; Jer 36:24; Mt 26:65covered.6:30; Ge 37:34; 1Ki 21:27,29; Es 4:1-4; Ps 35:13; Jon 3:8; Mt 11:21went into.2Ch 7:15,16; Job 1:20,21 he sent Eliakim.18:18; 22:13,14; Isa 37:2-5to Isaiah.2Ch 26:22; Mt 4:14; Lu 3:4Esaias. the son of Amoz.Isa 1:1; 2:1 This day.18:29; Ps 39:11; 123:3,4; Jer 30:5-7; Ho 5:15; 6:1blasphemy. or, provocation.Ps 95:8; Heb 3:15,16for the children.Isa 26:17,18; 66:9; Ho 13:13 the Lord.Ge 22:14; De 32:36; Jos 14:12; 1Sa 14:6; 2Sa 16:12whom the king.18:17-35reprove.22; 1Sa 17:45; Ps 50:21; 74:18lift up.2Ch 32:20; Ps 50:15; Jer 33:3; Eze 36:37; Ro 9:27; Jas 5:16,17the remnant.17:5,6; 18:13; 2Ch 28:5,6; Isa 8:7,8; 10:6left. Heb. found. 5 Isaiah.Isa 37:6,7-38Be not afraid.6:16; Ex 14:13; Le 26:8; De 20:1,3,4; Jos 11:6; 2Ch 20:15,17Isa 41:10-14; 51:7,12,13the servants.18:17,35; Ps 74:18,23; Re 13:6 a blast.35-37; Job 4:9; Ps 11:6; 18:14,15; 50:3; Isa 10:16-18; 11:4Jer 51:1hear a rumour.7:6; Job 15:21; Jer 49:14; 51:46; Ob 1:1I will cause.36,37; 2Ch 32:21 Libnah.8:22; Jos 10:29; 12:15; 15:42Lachish.18:14; Jos 12:11; 15:39; Isa 37:8,9; Mic 1:13 when he heard.When Sennacherib had levied contributions on Hezekiah, he marched his army into Egypt; where, after several successes, he laid siege to Pelusium, and spent much time in it; but hearing that Tirhakah, king of Ethiopia, whom Strabo calls Therchon, was marching against him with a great army, to assist his kinsman Sevechus, or Sethon, the king of Egypt, he durst not abide his coming, but raised the siege; and returning to Judea, he encamped against Lachish, and afterwards against Libnah. But finding that Tirhakah pursued him as a fugitive, he marched back to encounter him; and having totally routed his army, he returned to wreak his vengeance on Hezekiah. 1Sa 23:27; Isa 37:9sent.18:17 18:5,29,30; 2Ch 32:15-19; Isa 37:10-14 17,18; 17:5-11; 2Ch 32:13,14; Isa 10:8-11 Have the gods.18:33,34Gozan.17:6; 1Ch 5:26Haran.Ge 11:31; 29:4; Ac 7:4Charran. Rezeph.Rezeph was probably either Rezapha, which Ptolemy places in the Palmyrene, west of the Euphrates; or rather, Rezipha, in Mesopotamia, east of the Euphrates. Eden.Ge 2:8; Isa 37:12Telassar.Eze 27:23 the king.17:24; Nu 13:21; 34:8; Isa 11:11; Jer 39:5; 49:23; Zec 9:2Arpad.18:34; Isa 37:13-20Arphad. Hezekiah.Isa 37:14spread it.1Ki 8:28-30; Ezr 9:5; Ps 74:10,11; 91:1,2; 123:1-4 prayed.2Sa 7:18-28; 2Ch 14:11; 20:6; 32:20; Da 9:3,4O Lord God.Ge 32:28; 33:20; 1Ki 8:23; 1Ch 4:10; Isa 41:17dwellest.Ex 25:22; 1Sa 4:4; 2Ch 5:7,8; Ps 80:1; 99:1thou art the God.5:15; 1Ki 18:39; Isa 43:10; 44:6,8; 45:22; Da 4:34,35thou hast made.Ge 1:1; 2:4; Ps 33:9; 102:25; 146:6; Jer 10:10-12; Joh 1:1-3:36 bow down.Ps 31:2; Isa 37:17open.1Ki 8:29; 2Ch 6:40; Da 9:18which hath sent.4; Ps 79:12; Isa 37:4,17; Heb 11:26 Of a truth.Job 9:2; Isa 5:9; Jer 26:15; Da 2:47; Mt 14:33; Lu 22:59; Ac 4:271Co 14:25the kings.16:9; 17:6,24; 1Ch 5:26; Isa 7:17,18; 10:9-11 have cast. Heb. have given.2Sa 5:21; Isa 46:1,2for they were.Ps 115:4-8; Isa 37:18,19; 44:9-20; Jer 10:3-9,14-16; Ac 17:29 O Lord.Ex 9:15,16; Jos 7:9; 1Sa 17:45-47; 1Ki 8:43; 18:36,37; 20:28Ps 67:1,2; 83:18; Da 4:34-37 which thou hast.2Sa 15:31; 17:23I have heard.20:5; 2Ch 32:20,21; Job 22:27; Ps 50:15; 65:2; Isa 58:9; 65:24Jer 33:3; Da 9:20-23; Joh 11:42; Ac 10:4,31; 1Jo 5:14,15 The virgin.Isa 23:12; 37:21,22-35; 47:1; Jer 14:17; 18:13; 31:4; La 1:15; 2:13Am 5:2the daughter.Ps 9:14; 137:8; Isa 1:8; 23:10; 47:5; Jer 46:11; La 2:13; 4:21Mic 4:8; Zec 9:9shaken her head.Job 16:4; Ps 22:7,8; Isa 37:22; La 2:15; Mt 27:39 Whom.18:28-35; Ex 5:2; Ps 73:9; 74:22,23exalted thy voice.Ex 9:17; Pr 30:13; Isa 10:15; 14:13,14; Eze 28:2-9; Da 5:20-232Co 10:5; 2Th 2:4the Holy One.Ps 71:22; Isa 5:24; 30:11,12,15; Jer 51:5 By. Heb. By the hand of. messengers.18:17; 2Ch 32:17With the multitude.18:23,33,34; Ps 20:7; Isa 10:7-11,14; 37:24,25; Eze 31:3-18tall cedar trees thereof. Heb. tallness of the cedar-treesthereof. the forest of his Carmel. or, the forest, and his fruitful field. I have digged, etc.I have conquered strange countries, and marched through the driest places, in which I have digged wells for my army. with the sole.My infantry have been so numerous, that they alone have been sufficient to dry up all the rivers of besieged places, either by drinking them, or by diverting their course into other channels. Ex 15:9; 2Sa 17:13; 1Ki 20:10; Da 4:30besieged places. or, fenced places. Hast thou not, etc. or,Hast thou not heard how I have made it long ago, and formed it of ancient times? Should I now bring it to be laid waste, and fenced cities to be ruinous heaps? I have done it. Ps 33:11; 76:10; Isa 10:5,6,15; 37:26,27; 45:7; 46:10,11; 54:16Ac 4:27,28 of small power. Heb. short of hand.Nu 11:23; 14:9; Ps 48:4-7; 127:1; Jer 37:10; 50:36,37; 51:30,32they were.Ps 92:7; 102:11; Isa 40:6-8; Jas 1:10,11; 1Pe 1:24the grass.Ps 129:6-8 I know.Ps 139:1-11; Jer 23:23,24abode. or, sitting. thy going out.De 28:6,19; Ps 121:8; Isa 37:28,29 thy rage.Ps 2:1-5; 7:6; 10:13,14; 46:6; 93:3,4; Lu 6:11; Joh 15:18,23,24Ac 7:51thy tumult.Ps 65:7; 74:4,23; 83:2I will put.This alludes to the method by which the common people manage their beasts in the East, especially the dromedaries, which are governed by a bridle fastened to a ring, which runs through the nostril of the beast. Job 41:2; Ps 32:9; Eze 29:4; 38:4; Am 4:2by the way.33,36,37 a sign.21,31-34; 20:8,9; Ex 3:12; 1Sa 2:34; Isa 7:11-14; Lu 2:12Ye shall eat.Le 25:4,5,20-22; Isa 37:30 the remnant that, etc. Heb. the escaping of the house ofJudah that remaineth. 4; 2Ch 32:22,23; Isa 1:9; 10:20-22shall yet again.Ps 80:9; Isa 27:6; 37:31,32 For.4; Jer 44:14; Ro 9:27; 11:5they that escape. Heb. the escaping. the zeal.Isa 9:7; 59:17; 63:15; Eze 5:13; 20:9; Zec 1:14; Joh 2:17 He shall not come.Isa 8:7-10; 10:24,25,28-32; 37:33-35cast a bank.2Sa 20:15; Eze 21:22; Lu 19:43,44 By the way.28,36 I will defend.20:6; Ps 46:5,6; 48:2-8; Isa 31:5; 38:6for mine.De 32:27; Isa 43:25; 48:9,11; Eze 36:22; Eph 1:6,14my servant.1Ki 11:12,13; 15:4; Isa 9:7; Jer 23:5,6; 33:21,26 that night.Ex 12:29; Da 5:30; 1Th 5:2,3the angel.Ex 12:29,30; 2Sa 24:16; 1Ch 21:12,16; 2Ch 32:21,22; Ps 35:5,6Ac 12:23and smote.Isa 10:16-19,33; 30:30-33; 37:36; Ho 1:7when they arose.Ex 12:30; Ps 76:5-7,10 Sennacherib.7,28,33Nineveh.Ge 10:11,12; Jon 1:2; 3:2-10; Na 1:1; 2:8; Mt 12:41 Nisroch.10; 18:5,30; De 32:31; 2Ch 32:14,19; Isa 37:37,38his sons smote.7; 2Ch 32:21the land.Armenia or Ararat is a province of Asia, comprising the modern Turcomania and part of Persia; having Georgia on the north, Curdistan, or the ancient Assyria on the south, and Asia Minor, now Natolia, on the west. Armenia. Heb. Ararat.Ge 8:4; Jer 51:27Esar-haddon.Ezr 4:22 Chronicles 28:19-21
the Lord.De 28:43; 1Sa 2:7; Job 40:12; Ps 106:41-43; Pr 29:23because of Ahaz.Ho 5:11; Mic 6:16Israel.21:2made Judah.Ge 3:7,11; Ex 32:25; Re 3:17,18; 16:15 A.M. 3264. B.C. 740. Tilgath-pilneser.2Ki 15:29; 16:7-10Tiglath-pileser.1Ch 5:26; Ho 5:13distressed him.2Ki 17:5; Isa 7:20; 30:3,16; Jer 2:37 took away.12:9; 2Ki 18:15,16; Pr 20:252 Chronicles 32
1 Sennacherib invading Judah, Hezekiah fortifies himself, and encourages his people.9 Against the blasphemies of Sennacherib, Hezekiah and Isaiah pray.21 An angel destroys the host of the Assyrians.24 Hezekiah praying in his sickness, God gives him a sign of recovery.25 He waxing proud, is humbled by God.27 His wealth and works.31 His error in the ambassage of Babylon.32 He dying, Manasseh succeeds him. these things.20:1,2; 2Ki 18:13-37; Isa 36:1-22king of Assyria.2Ki 15:19; 17:6; 18:11,19,20; Isa 7:17,18; 8:6-8; 10:5,6; Ho 11:5win them. Heb. break them up.Isa 10:7-11; 37:24,25; Mic 2:13 he was purposed to fight. Heb. his face was to war.2Ki 12:17; Lu 9:51,53 took counsel.30:2; 2Ki 18:20; Pr 15:22; 20:18; 24:6; Isa 40:13; Ro 11:34to stop.2Ki 20:20; Isa 22:8-11 who stopped.This was prudently done; for, without water, how could an immense army subsist in ar arid country? No doubt the Assyrian army suffered much through this; as a Christian army did, through the same cause, 1,800 years afterwards. the brook.30; 30:14ran through the midst of. Heb. overflowed. kings.The Septuagint, Syriac, and Arabic read king, in the singular number. 1; 2Ki 18:9,13; 19:17; Isa 10:8find.1Ki 3:9,16,17; 19:21 he strengthened.12:1; 14:5-7; 17:1,2; 23:1; 26:8; Isa 22:9,10that was broken.25:23another wall.2Ki 25:4; Jer 39:4Millo.Jud 9:6; 2Sa 5:9; 1Ki 9:24; 11:27; 2Ki 12:20darts. or, swords, or weapons.26:14,15 he set captains.17:14-19; 1Ch 27:3,4-34in the street.Ezr 10:9; Ne 8:1-3,16comfortably to them. Heb. to their heart.30:22; Ge 34:3; Isa 40:2; *margins strong.De 31:6,7,23; Jos 1:6-9; 1Ch 28:10,20; Isa 35:4; Da 10:19Zec 8:9,23; Eph 6:10; 2Ti 2:1be not afraid.20:15; 2Ki 18:30; 19:6,7for there.2Ki 6:16; Ro 8:31; 1Jo 4:4 an arm.Job 40:9; Jer 17:5; 1Jo 4:4with us.13:12; 14:11; Ps 46:7,11; Isa 8:10; 41:10; Ac 18:10; 2Ti 4:17,22to fight.20:15; De 20:1,4; Jos 10:42rested. Heb. leaned.15; 20:20; Isa 36:18upon the words.Pr 12:25 A.M. 3294. B.C. 710. Sennacherib.2Ki 18:17; Isa 36:2Lachish.Jos 10:31; 12:11; 15:39; Isa 37:8; Mic 1:13power. Heb. dominion. Thus saith.2Ki 18:19; Isa 36:4siege. Heb. strong-hold. to give over.2Ki 18:27; Isa 36:12,18The Lord our God.15; 2Ki 18:30; 19:10; Ps 3:2; 11:1-3; 22:8; 42:10; 71:11; Mt 27:43 Hath not.31:1; 2Ki 18:4,22; Isa 36:7taken away.This was artfully malicious: many of the people had sacrificed to Jehovah on high places, (ch. 31:1;) and Hezekiah had removed them, as incentives to idolatry. Hence Rabshakeh insinuates that by so doing he had offended Jehovah, deprived the people of their religious rights, and that, consequently, he could neither expect the blessing of God, nor the cooperation of the people. Ye shall worship.De 12:13,14,26,27one altar.4:1; Ex 27:1-8; 30:1-6; 40:26-29; 1Ki 7:48 I and my.2Ki 15:29; 17:5,6; 19:11-13,17,18; Isa 10:9,10,14; 37:12,13,18-20Da 4:30,37; 5:19were the gods.19; 2Ki 18:33-35; 19:18,19; Ps 115:3-8; Isa 44:8-10Jer 10:11,12,16; Ac 19:26; 1Co 8:4 among.Isa 10:11,12your God.Ex 14:3; 15:9-11; Isa 42:8 deceive.2Ki 18:29; 19:10persuade.11; 1Ki 22:22; Isa 36:18; Ac 19:26; Ga 1:10much less.Ex 5:2; Da 3:15; Joh 19:10,11 yet.Job 15:25,26; Ps 73:9against.Joh 15:21 He wrote.2Ki 19:9,14; Ne 6:5; Isa 37:14to rail.2Ki 19:22,28; Isa 10:15; 37:23,24,28,29; Re 13:6As the gods.2Ki 19:12 they cried.2Ki 18:26-28; Isa 36:13to affright.1Sa 17:10,26; Ne 6:9 spake.13-17; 1Sa 17:36; Job 15:25,26; Ps 10:13,14; 73:8-11; 139:19,20the God.6:6; Ps 76:1,2; 78:68; 87:1-3; 132:13,14; Isa 14:32; Heb 12:22the work.De 4:28; 27:15; 2Ki 19:18; Ps 135:15-18; Isa 2:8; 37:19; 44:16-20Jer 1:16; 10:3,9; 32:30; Ho 8:5,6 Hezekiah.2Ki 19:14-19; Isa 37:1,14-20the prophet.2Ki 19:2-4; Isa 37:2-4prayed.14:11; 20:6-12; Ps 50:15; 91:14,15 the Lord.2Ki 19:20,35-37; Isa 10:16-18; 37:21,36,37; 42:8angel.2Sa 24:16; Ps 18:50; Da 3:28; 6:22; Mt 13:49,50; Ac 12:23cut off all.Job 9:4; Ps 76:5,7,12the leaders.Isa 10:8,16-19,33,34; 17:12-14; 29:5-8; 30:30-33; 33:10-12; 36:9Re 6:15,16; 19:17,18with shame.Ps 132:18; Pr 11:2; 16:18he was come.2Ki 19:36,37; Isa 37:37,38slew him. Heb. made him fall. Lord.Ps 18:48-50; 37:39,40; 144:10; Isa 10:24,25; 31:4,5; 33:22; Ho 1:7guided.Ps 48:14; 71:20,21; 73:24; Isa 58:11; Joh 16:13; 2Th 3:5 gifts.2Sa 8:10,11; Ezr 7:15-22,27; Ps 68:29; 72:10; Isa 60:7-9; Mt 2:11presents. Heb. precious things.9:9,10,24; 17:5,11; 1Ki 4:21; 10:10,25he was magnified.1:1; 1Ch 29:25 Hezekiah.2Ki 20:1-3; Isa 38:1-3gave him a sign. or, wrought a miracle for him.2Ki 20:4-11; Isa 38:4-8,21,22 rendered.De 32:6; Ps 116:12,13; Ho 14:2; Lu 17:17,18his heart.31; 25:19; 26:16; De 8:12-14,17; 2Ki 14:10; 20:13; Eze 28:2,5,17Da 5:20,23; Hab 2:4; 2Co 12:7; 1Ti 3:6; 1Pe 5:5,6therefore.24:18See on2Sa 24:1,10-17; 1Ch 21:1,12-17 Hezekiah.33:12,19,23; 34:27; Le 26:40,41; 2Ki 20:19; Jer 26:18,19; Jas 4:10pride. Heb. lifting up. so.1Ki 21:19days.34:27,28; 1Ki 21:29See on2Ki 20:16-19; Isa 39:6-8 A.M. 3278-3306. B.C. 726-698. exceeding much.1:12; 9:27; 17:5; Pr 10:22treasuries.1Ch 27:25-31pleasant jewels. Heb. instruments of desire. Storehouses.26:10stalls.1Ki 4:26cotes.2Sa 7:8 possessions.26:10; Ge 13:2-6; 1Ch 27:29-31; Job 1:3,9; 42:12God.25:9; De 8:18; 1Sa 2:7; 1Ch 29:12; Pr 10:22; 1Ti 6:17,18 Hezekiah.Or, "Hezekiah stopped the upper going out ({motza,} i.e., the egress into the open air,) of the waters of Gihon, and brought them underneath, ({lemattah,} by a subterraneous course,) to the west of the city of David:" See Note on 1 Ki 1:45. stopped.4; Isa 22:9-11Gihon.1Ki 1:33,38,45And Hezekiah.Jos 1:7,8; Ps 1:1-3 A.M. 3292. B.C. 712. in the business.2Ki 20:12,13; Isa 39:1,2-8ambassadors. Heb. interpreters. the wonder.2Ki 20:8-11; Isa 38:8left him.Jud 16:20; Ps 27:9; 51:11,12; 119:116,117; Joh 15:5to try him.Ge 22:1; De 8:2,16; Job 1:11,12; 2:3-6; Ps 139:1,2,23,24; Pr 17:3Zec 13:9; Mal 3:2,3; 1Pe 1:7; Jas 1:13that he might.De 8:2; 13:3 A.M. 3278-3306. B.C. 726-698. goodness. Heb. kindnesses.31:20,21in the vision.Isa 36:1-39:8in the book.2Ki 18:1-20:21 slept.1Ki 1:21; 2:10; 11:43chiefest. or, highest. did him.16:14; Ge 50:10,11; Nu 20:29; De 34:8; 1Sa 2:30; 25:1; Pr 10:7And Manasseh.33:1-20Isaiah 8:7-8
the Lord bringeth.17:12,13; 28:17; 59:19; Ge 6:17; De 28:49-52; Jer 46:7,8; Da 9:26Da 11:10,22; Am 8:8; 9:5; Na 1:8; Lu 6:48; Re 12:15,16; 17:15strong.Ezr 4:10; Ps 72:8the king.7:1-6,17; 10:8-14; Eze 31:3-18he shall come.2Ki 17:3-6; 18:9-12 he shall pass.10:28-32; 22:1-7; 28:14-22; 29:1-9; 36:1-37:38reach.30:28the stretching, etc. Heb. the fulness of the breadth of thyland shall be the stretchings out of his wings. Eze 17:3O Immanuel.7:14; Mt 1:23Emmanuel.28:20Isaiah 10:5-6
O Assyrian. or, Woe to the Assyrian. Heb. O Asshur.Ge 10:11the rod.15; 8:4; 14:5,6; Ps 17:14; 125:3; Jer 51:20-24and. or, though. against.9:17; 19:17; 29:13; 30:9-11; 33:14; Jer 3:10; 4:14; Mt 15:7will I give.13,14; 37:26,27; 41:25; 45:1-5; Jer 25:9; 34:22; 47:6,7tread them. Heb. lay them a treading.22:5; 63:3,6; 2Sa 22:43; Mic 7:10; Zec 10:5Isaiah 36
1 Sennacherib invades Judah.2 Rabshakeh, sent by Sennacherib, by blasphemous persuasions solicits the people to revolt.22 His words are told to Hezekiah. it came.2Ki 18:13,17; 2Ch 32:1that Sennacherib.1:7,8; 7:17; 8:7,8; 10:28-32; 33:7,8 A.M. 3294. B.C. 710. sent.2Ki 18:17-37; 2Ch 32:9-23the conduit.7:3; 22:9-11 Eliakim.22:15-20Shebna.2Sa 8:16,17; 20:24,25scribe. or, secretary. Thus saith.10:8-14; 37:11-15; Pr 16:18; Eze 31:3-18; Da 4:30; Ac 12:22,23Jude 1:16Assyria.Assyria proper, now Kourdistan, was bounded by Armenia on the north, Media and Persia on the east, Babylonia on the south, and the Tigris, which divides it from Mesopotamia, on the west, between 33 degrees and 38 degrees N. lat. and 42 degrees and 46 degrees E. long. But the Assyrian empire, the bounds of which were different at different times, in its most flourishing state, according to the descriptions of the Greek and Roman writers, comprehended all the countries and nations between the Mediterranean on the west, and the Indus on the east, and between the deserts of Scythia on the north, and the Indian ocean on the south. What.2Ki 18:5,19-37; 19:10; 2Ch 32:7-10,14-16; Ps 42:3,10; 71:10,11 vain words. Heb. a word of lips. I have counsel andstrength for war. or, but counsel and strength are for the war. Pr 21:30,31; 24:5,6that.2Ki 18:7; 24:1; Ne 2:19,20; Jer 52:3; Eze 17:15 20:5,6; 30:1-7; 31:3; 2Ki 17:4; 18:21; Jer 37:5-8; Eze 29:6,7 We trust.2Ki 18:5,22; 1Ch 5:20; 2Ch 16:7-9; 32:7,8; Ps 22:4,5; 42:5,10,11is it not.De 12:2-6,13,14; 2Ki 18:4; 2Ch 30:14; 31:1; 32:12; 1Co 2:15 pledges. or, hostages.2Ki 14:14and I.10:13,14; 1Sa 17:40-43; 1Ki 20:10,18; 2Ki 18:23; Ne 4:2-5Ps 20:7,8; 123:3,4 the least.10:8; 2Ki 18:24and put.6; 30:16,17; De 17:16; Pr 21:31; Jer 2:36 10:5-7; 37:28; 1Ki 13:18; 2Ki 18:25; 2Ch 35:21; Am 3:6 in the Syrian.2Ki 18:26,27; Ezr 4:7; Da 2:4 that they may.9:20; Le 26:29; De 28:53-57; 2Ki 6:25-29; 18:27; Jer 19:9La 4:9,10; Eze 4:16 cried.1Sa 17:8-11; 2Ki 18:28-32; 2Ch 32:18; Ps 17:10-13; 73:8,9; 82:6,7Hear.4; 8:7; 10:8-13; Eze 31:3-10; Da 4:37 37:10-13; 2Ki 19:10-13,22; 2Ch 32:11,13-19; Da 3:15-17; 6:20Da 7:25; 2Th 2:4; Re 13:5,6 7; 37:23,24; Ps 4:2; 22:7,8; 71:9-11; Mt 27:43 Make an agreement with me by a present. or, Seek my favourby a present. Heb. Make with me a blessing. Ge 32:20; 33:11; 1Sa 25:27; 2Sa 8:6; 2Ki 5:15; 18:31; 2Co 9:5; *marg:come out.1Sa 11:3; 2Ki 24:12-16eat ye.1Ki 4:20,25; Mic 4:4; Zec 3:10 I come.2Ki 17:6-23; 18:9-12; 24:11; Pr 12:10a land of corn.Ex 3:8; De 8:7-9; 11:12; Job 20:17The other copy in 2 Ki 18:32, adds here, "a land of oil olive, and of honey; that ye may live, and not die: and hearken not unto Hezekiah when he seduceth you." lest.7,10,15; 37:10; Ps 12:4; 92:5-7Hath.37:12,13,17,18; 2Ki 18:33-35; 19:12,13,17,18; 2Ch 32:13-17Ps 115:2-8; 135:5,6,15-18; Jer 10:3-5,10-12; Da 3:15; Hab 2:19,20 Hamath.Nu 34:8; 2Sa 8:9Arphad.The variation of Arphad and Arpad exists only in the translation; the original being uniformly ['Arpâd .] 10:9; Jer 49:23Arpad.Sepharvaim.Calmet is of opinion that Sepharvaim was the capital of the Saspires, who, according to Herodotus, were the only people that inhabited between the Colchians and Medes; and probably the Sarapases, whom Strabo places in Armenia. Hiller considers the name as denoting Sephar of the Parvaim, i.e., Mount Sephar adjacent to the regions of Arabia called Parvaim. But it is more probable, as Wells and others suppose, that Sepharvaim is the [Sipphara,] Sipphara, of Ptolemy, the [Sipparenon polis,] the city of the Sippareni, mentioned by Abydenus, and probably the Hipparenum of Pliny, a city of Mesopotamia, situated upon the Euphrates, near where it is divided into two arms, by one of which, it is probable, it was divided into two parts. 2Ki 17:24and have.10:10,11; 2Ki 17:5-7; 18:10-12 that the Lord.37:18,19,23-29; 45:16,17; Ex 5:2; 2Ki 19:22-37; 2Ch 32:15,19Job 15:25,26; 40:9-12; Ps 50:21; 73:9; Da 3:15 2Ki 18:26,37; Ps 38:13-15; 39:1; Pr 9:7; 26:4; Am 5:13; Mt 7:6 Eliakim.3,11with their.33:7; 37:1,2; 2Ki 5:7; Ezr 9:3; Mt 26:65The history of the invasion of Sennacherib, observes Bp. Lowth, and the miraculous destruction of his army, which makes the subject of so many of Isaiah's prophecies, is very properly inserted here, as affording the best light to many parts of these prophecies; and as almost necessary to introduce the prophecy in the 37th chapter, being the answer of God to Hezekiah's prayer, which could not be properly understood without it. Sennacherib succeeded his father Shalmaneser on the throne of Assyria, A.M. 3290, B.C. 714, and reigned only about eight years.Isaiah 37
1 Hezekiah mourning, sends to Isaiah to pray for them.6 Isaiah comforts them.8 Sennacherib, going to encounter Tirhakah, sends a blasphemous letter to Hezekiah.14 Hezekiah's prayer.21 Isaiah's prophecy of the pride and destruction of Sennacherib, and the good of Zion.36 An angel slays the Assyrians.37 Sennacherib is slain at Nineveh by his own sons. it came.2Ki 19:1-19he rent.36:22; 2Ki 22:11; Jer 36:24; Jon 3:5,6; Mt 11:21and went.Ezr 9:5; Job 1:20,21 14; 36:3; 2Ki 18:18; 19:2; 22:12-14; 2Ch 20:20; Joe 1:13 his day.25:8; 33:2; 2Ki 19:3; 2Ch 15:4; Ps 50:15; 91:15; 116:3,4; Jer 30:7Ho 5:15; 6:1; Re 3:19blasphemy. or, provocation.Ps 95:8for the.26:17,18; 66:9; Ho 13:13 It may.Jos 14:12; 1Sa 14:6; 2Sa 16:12; Am 5:15to reproach.23,24; 36:20; 51:7,8; 1Sa 17:26,36; 2Ki 19:4,22,23; 2Ch 32:15-19and will.23; Ps 50:21lift up.1Sa 7:8; 12:19,23; 2Ch 32:20; Ps 106:23; Joe 2:17; Jas 5:16for the.1:9; 8:7,8; 10:5,6,22; 2Ki 17:18; 18:9-16; 2Ch 28:19; Ro 9:27left. Heb. found. 5 Thus shall.2Ki 19:5-7; 22:15-20Be not.7:4; 10:24,25; 35:4; 41:10-14; 43:1,2; 51:12,13; Ex 14:13; Le 26:8Jos 11:6; 2Ch 20:15-20; Mr 4:40; 5:36 I will.10:16-18,33,34; 17:13,14; 29:5-8; 30:28-33; 31:8,9; 33:10-122Ki 7:6; Job 4:9; 15:21; Ps 58:9send a blast upon him. or, put a spirit into him. I willcause. 36-38; 2Ch 32:21 Rabshakeh.2Ki 19:8,9; Nu 33:20,21Libnah.Jos 10:29,31-34; 21:13; 2Ki 8:22; 2Ch 21:10Lachish.Jos 12:11; 15:39 he heard.1Sa 23:27,28Ethiopia.Cush, which is generally rendered Ethiopia, is applied in Scripture to at least three distinct and different countries. 1. The country watered by the Gihon or Araxes, (Ge 2:13,) also called Cuth, 2 Ki 17:30. 2. A country of Arabia Petræa, bordering upon Egypt, which extended from the northern extremity of the Red sea along its eastern shore. (Comp. Ex 3:1, with Nu 12:1. Hab 3:7.) 3. Ethiopia Proper, an extensive country of Africa, comprehending Nubia and Abyssinia; being bounded on the north by Egypt, on the east by the Red Sea and Indian Ocean, and on the south and west by various nations of Africa, and extending from about 6 degrees to 24 degrees N. lat. and 25 degrees to 45 degrees E. long. It is probable that it was this latter Cush, or Ethiopia, of which Tirhakah was king; he being in league with his kinsman Sevechus, son of So, or Sabacon, king of Egypt, against Sennacherib, the king of Assyria. Let not.36:4,15,20; 2Ki 18:5; 19:10-13; 2Ch 32:7,8,15-19; Ps 22:8Mt 27:43 18,19; 10:7-14; 14:17; 36:18-20; 2Ki 17:4-6; 18:33-35 the gods.36:20; 46:5-7Gozan.2Ki 17:6; 18:11; 19:12Haran.Haran, the Carrhæ of the Greeks and Romans, is situated in the north-west part of Mesopotamia, between the Euphrates and the river Chebar; about 110 miles west of Nisibis, 90 east of Bir, 100 south of Diarbekir, and 170 north of Palmyra. Ge 11:31; 12:14; 28:10; 29:4; Ac 7:2Eden.It is probable that this Eden is the country near Diarbekir, on the Tigris, called Mâdon, according to Asseman. Ge 2:8; Eze 27:23; 28:13; Am 1:5Telassar.Telassar is probably the same as Ellasar, Ge 14:1, as the Jerusalem Targum reads; for both of which the Syriac has Dolassar; and perhaps, as Doederlein supposes, the same as Sharra, a city of Mesopotamia, half a mile from the Euphrates. 2Ki 19:12Thelasar. Hamath.10:9; 36:19; Jer 49:23Hena.Hena is probably the same as Anah, a city of Mesopotamia, situated on an island in the Euphrates. Ivah.2Ki 17:24,30,31Ava, Avites.2Ki 18:34; 19:13 received.2Ki 19:14and Hezekiah went.1; 1Ki 8:28-30,38; 9:3; 2Ch 6:20-42; Ps 27:5; 62:1-3; 74:10; 76:1-3Ps 123:1-4; 143:6; Joe 2:17-20 1Sa 7:8,9; 2Sa 7:18-29; 2Ki 19:15-19; 2Ch 14:11; 20:6-12Da 9:3,4; Php 4:6,7; Jas 5:13 Lord.6:3; 8:13; 2Sa 7:26; Ps 46:7,11dwellest.Ex 25:22; 1Sa 4:4; Ps 80:1; 99:1; Heb 4:16thou art.20; 43:10,11; 44:6; 45:22; 54:5; 1Ki 18:32; 2Ki 5:15; Ps 86:10Re 11:15-17thou hast.40:28; 44:24; Ge 1:1; Ps 146:6; Jer 10:10-12; Joh 1:3; Col 1:16 Incline.2Ch 6:40; Job 36:7; Ps 17:6; 71:2; 130:1,2; Da 9:17-19; 1Pe 3:12hear.4; 2Sa 16:12; Ps 10:14,15; 74:10,22; 79:12; 89:50,51 the kings.2Ki 15:29; 16:9; 17:6,24; 1Ch 5:26; Na 2:11,12nations. Heb. lands. And have.10:9-11; 36:18-20; 46:1,2; Ex 32:20; 2Sa 5:21cast. Heb. given. no gods.40:19-21; 41:7; 44:9,10,17; Ps 115:4-8; Jer 10:3-6,11; Ho 8:6 that all.42:8; Ex 9:15,16; Jos 7:8,9; 1Sa 17:45-47; 1Ki 8:43; 18:36,37Ps 46:10; 59:13; 67:1,2; 83:17,18; Eze 36:23; Mal 1:11even.16 Whereas.38:3-6; 58:9; 65:24; 2Sa 15:31; 17:23; 2Ki 19:20,21; Job 22:27Ps 91:15; Da 9:20-23; Ac 4:31 The virgin.23:12; Jer 14:17; La 1:15; 2:13; Am 5:2the daughter.1:8; 10:32; 62:11; Ps 9:14; Zep 3:14; Zec 2:10; 9:9; Mt 21:5hath despised.8:9,10; 1Sa 17:36,44-47; Ps 2:2-4; 27:1-3; 31:18; 46:1-7Joe 3:9-12shaken.Job 16:4; Ps 22:7,8; Mt 27:39 Whom hast.10-13; Ex 5:2; 2Ki 19:4,22; 2Ch 32:17; Ps 44:16; 73:9; 74:18,23Re 13:1-6against whom.10:13-15; 14:13,14; Ex 9:17; Pr 30:13; Eze 28:2,9; Da 5:20-23Da 7:25; 2Th 2:4the Holy One.10:20; 12:6; 17:7; 30:11,12; 41:14,16; 43:3,14; Ex 15:11; Eze 39:7Hab 1:12,13 thy servants. Heb. the hand of they servants.4; 36:15-20; 2Ki 19:22,23By the.10:13,14; 36:9; Ex 15:9; Ps 20:7; Da 4:30tall cedars thereof, and the choice fir trees thereof. Heb.tallness of the cedars thereof and the choice of the fir trees thereof. 10:18; 14:8; Eze 31:3-18; Da 4:8-14,20-22; Zec 11:1,2of his Carmel. or, and his fruitful field.29:17 with the sole.36:12; 1Ki 20:10; 2Ki 19:23,24besieged. or, fenced and closed. long ago, etc. or, how I have made it long ago, and formedit of ancient times? Should I now bring it to be laid waste, and defenced cities to be ruinous heaps?. how I.10:5,6,15; 45:7; 46:10,11; Ge 50:20; Ps 17:13; 76:10; Am 3:6Ac 2:23; 4:27,28; 1Pe 2:8; Jude 1:4 their inhabitants.19:16; Nu 14:9; 2Ki 19:26; Ps 127:1,2; Jer 5:10; 37:10of small power. Heb. short of hand. as the grass of.40:6-8; Ps 37:2; 90:5,6; 92:7; 103:15; 129:6; Jas 1:10,11; 1Pe 1:24 I know.Ps 139:2-11; Pr 5:21; 15:3; Jer 23:23,24; Re 2:13abode. or sitting. rage.10; 36:4,10; 2Ki 19:27,28; Job 15:25,26; Ps 2:1-3; 46:6; 93:3,4Na 1:9-11; Joh 15:22,23; Ac 9:4tumult.Ps 74:4,23; 83:2; Mt 27:24; Ac 22:22will I.30:28; Job 41:2; Ps 32:9; Eze 29:4; 38:4; Am 4:2 this shall.7:14; 38:7; Ex 3:12; 1Ki 13:3-5; 2Ki 19:29; 20:9Ye shall.7:21-25; Le 25:4,5,20-22 remnant that is escaped of the house of Judah. Heb. escapingof the house of Judah that remaineth. 1:9; 6:13; 10:20-22; Jer 44:28take.27:6; 65:9; 2Ki 19:30,31; Ps 80:9; Jer 30:19; Ro 9:27; 11:5; Ga 3:29 they that escape. Heb. the escaping. the zeal.20; 9:7; 59:17; 2Ki 19:31; Joe 2:18; Zec 1:14 He.8:7-10; 10:32-34; 17:12,14; 33:20; 2Ki 19:32-35shields. Heb. shield. cast.Eze 21:22; Lu 19:43,44 29; Pr 21:30 I will.31:5; 38:6; 2Ki 20:6for mine.43:25; 48:9-11; De 32:27; Eze 20:9; 36:22; Eph 1:6,14and for.1Ki 11:12,13,36; 15:4; Jer 23:5,6; 30:9; 33:15,16; Eze 37:24,25 the angel.10:12,16-19,33,34; 30:30-33; 31:8; 33:10-12; Ex 12:23; 2Sa 24:162Ki 19:35; 1Ch 21:12,16; 2Ch 32:21,22; Ps 35:5,6; Ac 12:23and when.Ex 12:30; Job 20:5-7; 24:24; Ps 46:6-11; 76:5-7; 1Th 5:2,3 Sennacherib.7,29; 31:9Nineveh.Ge 10:11,12; Jon 1:2; 3:3; Na 1:1; Mt 12:41 his god.10; 14:9,12; 36:15,18; 2Ki 19:36,37; 2Ch 32:14,19,21Armenia. Heb. Ararat.Ge 8:4; Jer 51:27Esar-haddon.Esar-haddon, called Asar-addinus in the Canon of Ptolemy, was the third son of Sennacherib; and having reigned twenty-nine years over the Assyrians, he took advantage of the anarchy and confusion which followed the death of Mesessimordacus, and seized upon Babylon; which he added to his former empire, and reigned over both for thirteen years; when he was succeeded by his son Saosduchinus, A.M. 3336, B.C. 668. Ezr 4:2
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