2Ki 24-25, 2Ch 36, Isa 47:6, Jer 39:1-8, 51:34-35, 52:1 | TSK | STEP | Jehoiakim, first subdued by Nebuchadnezzar, then rebelling against him, procures his own ruin. Jehoiachin succeeds him. The king of Egypt is vanquished by the king of Babylon. Jehoiachin's evil reign. Jerusalem is taken and carried captive into Babylon. Zedekiah is made king, and reigns ill, unto the utter destruction of Judah. his days. Nebuchadnezzar.This prince, so famous in the writings of the prophets, was the son of Nabopollasar king of Babylon.

A.M. 3405. B.C. 599. sleptAs Jehoiakim was "buried with the burial of an ass," by being "drawn and cast forth beyond the gates of Jerusalem," without internment, the expression "slept with his fathers," can only mean that the died, or slept the sleep of death. In the East, a body exposed during the night would be a prey to wild animals; if any of it were left till the morning, the carnivorous birds would devour it.

2Ch 36:6,8; Jer 22:18,19; 36:30

Jehoiachin.As this man reigned only three months, and was a mere vassal of the king of Babylon, his reign is scarcely reckoned; and therefore Jeremiah (ch. 31:30) says of Jehoiakim, "he shall have none to sit upon the throne of David."

the king.

Jer 37:5-7; 46:2

from the river.

Ge 15:18; Nu 34:5; Jos 15:4; 1Ki 4:21; Isa 27:12

Jehoiachin.

1Ch 3:16; Jer 24:1

Jeconiah.

Jer 22:24,28; 37:1

Coniah.

Mt 1:11,12

Jechonias.

eighteen years.In the parallel place, he is said to be only eight years old; but this must be a mistake, for we find that having reigned only three months, he was carried captive to Babylon, and there had wives; and had he been of such a tender age, it could scarcely have been said that, as a king, "he did that which was evil in the sight of the Lord."

2Ch 36:9

At that time.

Da 1:1,2

was besieged. Heb. came into siege.

25:2

Jehoiachin.

2Ch 36:10; Jer 24:1; 29:1,2; 38:17,18; Eze 17:12

officers. or, eunuchs. took him.

25:27; Jer 52:28,31

eigth year."Nebuchadnezzar's eighth year."

Jer 25:1; 52:28

he carried.

20:17; Isa 39:6; Jer 20:5

and cut.

25:13-15; Ezr 1:7-11; Jer 27:16-21; 28:3,4,6; Da 5:2,3

which Solomon.

1Ki 7:48-50; 2Ch 4:7-22

all.That is, all the chief men, the nobles, and the artificers. Among these were 7,000 mighty men, and 1,000 craftsmen and smiths.

Jerusalem.

2Ch 36:9,10; Jer 24:1-5; 52:28; Eze 1:1,2

craftsmen. So

1Sa 23:19-22

the poorest sort.

25:12; Jer 39:10; 40:7; 52:16; Eze 17:14

he carried.

8; 2Ch 36:10; Es 2:6; Jer 22:24-28

officers. or, eunuchs.

seven thousand.

Jer 29:2; 52:28

the king.

2Ch 36:10,11; Jer 37:1; 52:1

his father's brother.He was son of Josiah, brother to Jehoiakim, and uncle of Jehoiachin.

1Ch 3:15,16; 2Ch 36:10

changed.The change of name was to shew Nebuchadnezzar's supremacy, and that Zedekiah was only his vassal or viceroy. The custom of changing names, we are assured by travellers, still exists in the East.

23:34; 2Ch 36:4

A.M. 3405-3416. B.C. 599-588. Zedekiah.

2Ch 36:11; Jer 37:1; 52:1-11

Hamutal.

23:31

And he did.

23:37; 2Ch 36:12; Jer 24:8; 37:1-38:28; Eze 21:25

through.

22:17; Ex 9:14-17; De 2:30; Isa 19:11-14; 1Co 1:20; 2Th 2:9-11

Zedekiah.

2Ch 36:13; Jer 27:12-15; 38:17-21; Eze 17:15-20

2 Kings 25

1 Jerusalem is besieged.

4 Zedekiah taken, his sons slain, his eyes put out.

8 Nebuzar-adan defaces the city, carries the remnant, except a few poor labourers, into captivity;

13 and spoils and carries away the treasures.

18 The nobles are slain at Riblah.

22 Gedaliah, who was over them that remained, being slain, the rest flee into Egypt.

27 Evil-merodach advances Jehoiachin in his court.

A.M. 3414. B.C. 590. in the ninth.This according to the computation of Archbishop Usher, was on Thursday, January 30th, A.M. 3414, which was a sabbatical year; wherein they proclaimed liberty to their servants, according to the law, but soon enthralled them again. (See Jer 34:8-10.)

2Ch 36:17-21; Jer 34:2,3-6; 39:1-10; 52:4,5-11; Eze 24:1,2-14

Nebuchadnezzar.

24:1,10; 1Ch 6:15; Jer 27:8; 32:28; 43:10; 51:34; Eze 26:7

Nebuchadrezzar.

Da 4:1-18

pitched.

Isa 29:3; Jer 32:24; Eze 4:1-8; 21:22-24; Lu 19:43,44

A.M. 3416. B.C. 588. the ninth day.

Jer 39:2; 52:6; Zec 8:19

the famine.

Le 26:26; De 28:52,53; La 4:4-10; Eze 4:9-17; 5:10,12; 7:15; 14:21

there was no.

Jer 37:21; 38:2

the city.This being the ninth day of the fourth month, corresponded to Wednesday, July 27.

Jer 5:10; 39:2,3; 52:6,7-11; Eze 33:21

fled.

Le 26:17,36; De 28:25; 32:24,25,30; Jer 39:4-7

and the king.

5; Eze 12:12

and overtook.

Isa 30:16; Jer 24:8; 39:5; 52:8; Am 2:14-16

they took.

2Ch 33:11; Jer 21:7; 34:21,22; 38:23; La 4:19,20; Eze 17:20,21

Eze 21:25-27

Riblah.

23:33; Jer 52:9

gave judgment upon him. Heb. spake judgment with him.

they slew.

Ge 21:16; 44:34; De 28:34; Jer 22:30; 39:6,7; 52:10,11

and put out. Heb. and made blind.Thus were fulfilled the apparently contradictory prophecies of Jeremiah and Ezekiel--that his eyes should see the king of Babylon, but Babylon he should not see, though he should die there.

Jer 32:4,5; 34:3; Eze 12:13-16

bound him.

Jud 16:21; 2Ch 33:11; 36:6; Ps 107:10,11; 149:8; Eze 7:27; 17:16-20

in the fifth month.This answered to Wednesday, August 24; and three days after he reduced the temple to ashes, and carried Judah captive; in the 11th year of Zedekiah; the 19th of Nebuchadnezzar; 424 years, 3 months, and 8 days from the foundation of the temple; 468 years from the beginning of the reign of David; 388 years from the division of the ten tribes; and 134 years from their captivity.

Jer 52:12-14; Zec 8:19

the nineteenth.

27; 24:12

Nebuzar-adan.

Jer 39:9-14; 40:1-4; 52:12-16; La 4:12

captain. or, chief marshal.

he burnt.

1Ki 9:8; 2Ch 36:19; Ps 74:3-7; 79:1; Isa 64:10,11; Jer 7:14; 26:9

La 1:10; 2:7; Mic 3:12; Lu 21:5,6; Ac 6:13,14

the king's.

Jer 34:22; 37:8,10; 39:8; 52:13; Am 2:5

brake.

Ne 1:3; Jer 5:10; 39:8; 52:14-23

the rest.

Jer 15:1,2; 39:9; 52:12; Eze 5:2; 12:15,16; 22:15,16

fugitives. Heb. fallen away.

left of the poor.

24:14; Jer 39:10; 40:7; 52:16; Eze 33:24

the.

20:17; 2Ch 36:18; Jer 27:19-22; 52:17-20; La 1:10

pillars.

Ex 27:3; 1Ki 7:15,27; 2Ch 4:12,13

bases.

1Ki 7:23-45; 2Ch 4:2-6,14-16

the pots.

Ex 27:3; 38:3; 1Ki 7:47-50; 2Ch 4:20-22; 24:14

and such things.

Ex 37:23; Nu 7:13,14; 1Ki 7:48-51; 2Ch 24:14; Ezr 1:9-11; Da 5:2,3

one sea. Heb. the one sea. the brass.

1Ki 7:47

one pillar.

1Ki 7:15,16; Jer 52:21-23

captain.

24,25,26

Seraiah.

1Ch 6:14; Ezr 7:1; Jer 52:24

Zephaniah.

Jer 21:1; 29:25,29

the second priest.Called by the Jews, {sagan,} who officiated for the high priest in case of any temporary incapacity.

door. Heb. threshold.

officer. or, eunuch. were in the king's presence. Heb. sawthe king's face.

Es 1:14

principal. or, scribe of the captain of the host.

and brought.

Jer 52:26,27; La 4:16

the king.These men were put to death as accessories to Zedekiah's rebellion; for the king of Babylon had no doubt found that they had counselled him to revolt.

So Judah.

17:20; 23:27; Le 26:33-35; De 4:26; 28:36,64; Jer 24:9,10; 25:9-11

Eze 12:25-28; 24:14; Am 5:27

the people.

Jer 40:5,6-12

Gedaliah.

25; Jer 39:14; 41:2

Ahikam.

22:12; 2Ch 34:20; Jer 26:24

And when.

Jer 40:7-9,11,12

Mizpah.There were several places of the name of Mizpah, or Mizpeh, and we do not certainly know which of them this was; but it is probable that it was that situated east of Jordan, in the mountains of Gilead, (Ge 31:49,) and most contiguous to Babylon; and therefore the most proper for the residence of Gedaliah.

sware to them.

2Sa 14:11; 19:23; Jer 40:9,10; Eze 33:24-29

and it shall be.

Jer 40:9; 43:6

seventh.

Zec 7:5; 8:19

Ishmael.

Jer 40:15,16; 41:1-15

royal. Heb. of the kingdom.

11:1

Jer 41:16-18; 42:14-22; 43:4-7

A.M. 3442. B.C. 562. it came to pass.

Jer 24:5,6; 52:31-34

king of Babylon.

Pr 21:1

lift up the head.

Ge 40:13,20

kindly to him. Heb. good things with him. the throne.

Jer 27:6-11; Da 2:37; 5:18,19

changed.

24:12; Ge 41:14,42; Es 4:4; 8:15; Isa 61:3; Zec 3:4; Lu 15:22

he did eat bread.

2Sa 9:7

a daily rate.

Ne 11:23; 12:47; Da 1:5; Mt 6:11; Lu 11:3; Ac 6:1

all the days of his life.

Ge 48:15,16 CONCLUDING REMARKS ON THE TWO BOOKS OF KINGS. The events detailed in these books are highly interesting and important. The account of the wisdom, magnificence, and extended commerce of Solomon; the rash and impolitic conduct of Rehoboam; the disobedient prophet; the widow of Zarephath; Elijah and the prophets of Baal; Ben-hadad's pride and defeat; Elijah's assumption into heaven; Elisha's succession to his ministry, and the series of illustrious miracles he performed; the panic flight of the Syrians; the history of Ben-hadad and Hazael; and the predicted death of Ahab and Jezebel, and their children, are all pregnant with instruction, and have furnished themes for frequent dissertation. We perceive in these impressive histories the characters and qualities of men painted with the utmost fidelity, and the attributes of God displayed with great effect: we contemplate the exact accomplishment of God's promises and threatenings, the wisdom of his dispensations, and the mingled justice and mercy of his government. The particulars and circumstances are sketched out with a brief and lively description, and the imagination lingers with pleasure in filling up the striking outlines presented to our view. The authenticity of these books is attested by the prophecies they contain, which were subsequently fulfilled; by the citation of our Saviour and his Apostles; by their universal reception by the Jewish and Christian churches; and by the corresponding testimonies of profane authors and ancient sculptures.

2 Chronicles 36

1 Jehoahaz succeeding, is deposed by Pharaoh, and carried into Egypt.

5 Jehoiakim reigning ill, is carried bound into Babylon.

9 Jehoiachin succeeding, reigns ill, and is brought into Babylon.

11 Zedekiah succeeding, reigns ill, despises the prophets, and rebels against Nebuchadnezzar.

14 Jerusalem, for the sins of the priests and the people, is wholly destroyed.

22 The proclamation of Cyrus.

the people.

26:1; 33:25; 2Ki 23:30-37

Jehoahaz.

2Ki 23:31-34; 1Ch 3:15; Jer 22:11

put him down. Heb. removed him.

2Ki 23:33

condemned. Heb. mulcted.

made Eliakim.

2Ki 23:34,35; 1Ch 3:15

Necho.

Jer 22:10-12; Eze 19:3,4

Jehoiakim.

2Ki 23:36,37; Jer 22:13-19; 26:21-23; 36:1,27-32

A.M. 3397. B.C. 607. came up.

2Ki 24:1,2,5,6,13-20; Eze 19:5-9; Da 1:1,2; Hab 1:5-10

fetters. or, chains.

A.M. 3398. B.C. 606. the vessels.

2Ki 24:13; Ezr 1:7-11; Jer 27:16-18; 28:3; Da 5:2-4

A.M. 3394-3405. B.C. 610-599. written.

Jehoiachin.

Jeconiah.

Coniah.

Jechonias.

A.M. 3405. B.C. 599. eight years old.The Syriac, Arabic, and the parallel place, (on which see the Note,) have "eighteen years;" which, as Scaliger observes, is no doubt the genuine reading.

2Ki 24:8,9

when the year was expired. Heb. at the return of the year.king Nebuchadnezzar.

2Ki 24:10-17; 25:27-30; Jer 29:2; Eze 1:2

goodly vessels. Heb. vessels of desire.

7; Jer 27:18-22; Da 1:1,2; 5:2,23

Zedekiah.

2Ki 24:17

Mattaniah his father's brother.

1Ch 3:15,16; Jer 37:1

A.M. 3405-3416. B.C. 599-588. one and twenty.

2Ki 24:18-20; Jer 52:1-3

humbled.

32:26; 33:12,19,23; Ex 10:3; Da 5:22,23; Jas 4:10; 1Pe 5:6

before Jeremiah.

Jer 21:1-10; 27:12-22; 28:1-17; 34:2-22; 37:2-21; 38:14-28

the mouth.

35:22

rebelled.

2Ki 24:20; Jer 52:2,3; Eze 17:11-20

who had.

Jos 9:15,19,20; 2Sa 21:2

stiffened.

2Ki 17:4; Ne 9:16,17; Isa 48:4

hardened.

Ex 8:15,32; 9:17; Ne 9:29; Ro 2:4,5; Heb 3:8,13

all the chief.

2Ki 16:10-16; Ezr 9:7; Jer 5:5; 37:13-15; 38:4; Eze 22:6,26-28

Da 9:6,8; Mic 3:1-4,9-11; 7:2; Zep 3:3,4

very much.

28:3; 33:9

polluted.

33:4-7; Eze 8:5-16

the Lord.

24:18-21; 33:10; 2Ki 17:13; Jer 25:3,4; 26:5; 35:15; 44:4,5

his messengers. Heb. the hand of his messengers. betimes.i.e., continually and carefully. because.

Jud 10:16; 2Ki 13:23; Ho 11:8; Lu 19:41-44

mocked.

30:10; Ps 35:16; Isa 28:22; Jer 5:12,13; 20:7; Lu 18:32; 22:63,64

Lu 23:11,36; Ac 2:13; 17:32; Heb 11:36

despised.

Pr 1:24-30; Lu 16:14; Ac 13:41; 1Th 4:8

misused.

Jer 32:3; 38:6; Mt 5:12; 21:33-41; Ac 7:52

the wrath.

Ps 74:1; 79:1-5

till.

Pr 6:15; 29:1

remedy. Heb. healing.

he brought.

33:11; De 28:49; 2Ki 24:2,3; Ezr 9:7; Jer 15:8; 32:42; 40:3; Da 9:14

the king.

2Ki 25:1-30; Jer 39:1-18; 52:1-34

who slew.

Le 26:14-46; De 28:15-68; 29:18-28; 30:18; 31:16-18; 32:15-28

Ps 74:20; 79:2,3; Jer 15:9; 18:21; La 2:21,22

in the house.

24:21; La 2:20; Eze 9:5-7; Lu 13:1,2

no compassion.

De 28:50; Ps 74:20

A.M. 3416. B.C. 588. all the vessels.

7,10; 2Ki 25:13-17; Jer 27:18-22; 52:17-23; Da 5:3

treasures.

2Ki 20:13-17; Isa 39:6; Zec 1:6

they burnt.

2Ki 25:9; Ps 74:4-8; 79:1,7; Isa 64:10,11; Jer 7:4,14; 52:13

La 4:1; Mic 3:12; Lu 21:6

brake down.

2Ki 25:10,11; Jer 52:14,15

A.M. 3416-3468. B.C. 588-536. And them that had escapedfrom. Heb. And the remainder from. they were servants.

De 28:47,48; Jer 27:7

until the reign.

22; Ezr 1:1-11

To fulfil.

Jer 25:9,12; 26:6,7; 27:12,13; 29:10; Da 9:2; Zec 1:4-6

until the land.

Le 25:4-6; 26:34,35,43; Zec 1:12

A.M. 3468. B.C. 536.This verse and the next have a double aspect. They look back to the prophecy of Jeremiah, and show how that was accomplished; and they look forward to the history of Ezra, which begins with a repetition of these two last verses.

in the first.

Ezr 1:1-3

Cyrus.

Isa 44:28; Da 10:1

that the word.

21; Jer 25:12,14; 29:10; 32:42-44; 33:10-14; Heb 10:23

the Lord stirred.

21:16; 1Sa 26:19; 1Ki 11:14,23; 1Ch 5:26; Ezr 1:5

Isa 13:3-5,17,18; 44:28; 45:1-5; Hag 1:14

a proclamation.

24:9; 30:5

All the kingdoms.

Ps 75:5-7; Da 2:21,37; 4:35; 5:18,23

he hath charged.

Isa 44:26-28

Who is there.

1Ch 22:16; 29:5; Ezr 7:13; Zec 2:6,7; Ro 8:31

Isaiah 47:6

wroth.

10:6; 42:24,25; 2Sa 24:14; 2Ch 28:9; Ps 69:26; Zec 1:15

I have polluted.

43:28; La 2:2; Eze 24:21; 28:16

thou didst.

13:16; 14:17; Ob 1:10,16; Mt 7:2; Jas 2:13

upon.

De 28:50

Jeremiah 39:1-8

1 Jerusalem is taken.

4 Zedekiah is made blind and sent to Babylon.

8 The city laid in ruins,

9 and the people captivated.

11 Nebuchadrezzar's charge for the good usage of Jeremiah.

15 God's promise to Ebed-melech.

A.M. 3414. B.C. 590. the ninth.

52:4-7; 2Ki 25:1,2-7; Eze 24:1,2; Zec 8:19

the tenth.This was the month Tebeth, (Es 2:16,) which began with the first moon of January; and it was on the 10th of this month that Nebuchadnezzar invested the city.

A.M. 3416. B.C. 588. the fourth.This was the month Tammuz, which commences with the first moon of July: the siege had lasted just eighteen months.

2Ki 25:3

was.

5:10; 52:6,7; 2Ki 25:4; Eze 33:21; Mic 2:12,13; Zep 1:10

all the.

1:15; 21:4; 38:17

Nergalsharezer.

13; 2Ki 17:30

Sarsechim.These were the principal commanders; but Dr. Blayney thinks that, instead of six persons, we have in reality but three, as the name that follows each is the title of the office. Thus Nergal-Sharezer, who was Samgar-nebo, or keeper, i.e., priest of Nebo; Sarsechim, who was Rab-saris, or chief eunuch; and Nergal-sharezer, who was Rab-mag, or chief magi; as the words {mog} in Persian, {magoos} in Arabic, {magooshai} in Syriac, and [magos ,] in Greek, signify; and we learn from Justin and Curtius that the magi attended the king in war.

when

38:18-20; Le 26:17,36; De 28:25; 32:24-30; 2Ki 25:4-7

Isa 30:15,16; Eze 12:12; Am 2:14

betwixt.

52:7-11; 2Ch 32:5

Chaldeans'.

32:4,5; 38:18,23; 2Ch 33:11; La 1:3; 4:20

in the plains.

52:8; Jos 4:13; 5:10

Riblah.

52:9,26,27; 2Ki 23:33; 25:6

Hamath.