Exo 12, Lev 23:5-8, Num 9:2-14, 28:16-25, Deu 16:1-8, 1Cor 5:7-8 | TSK | STEP | The beginning of the year is changed. The passover is instituted. The import of the rite of the passover. Unleavened bread, etc. The firstborn are slain. The Israelites are driven out of the land. They come to Succoth. The time of their sojourning. The ordinance of the passover.

Exodus 12

1 The beginning of the year is changed.

3 The passover is instituted.

11 The import of the rite of the passover.

15 Unleavened bread, etc.

29 The firstborn are slain.

31 The Israelites are driven out of the land.

37 They come to Succoth.

41 The time of their sojourning.

43 The ordinance of the passover.

A.M. 2513. B.C. 1491. An. Exod. Isr. 1. Abib or Nisan.

13:4; 23:15; 34:18; Le 23:5; Nu 28:16; De 16:1; Es 3:7

Speak ye.

4:30; 6:6; 14:15; 20:19; Le 1:2

in the tenth.

6; Joh 12:1,12

take to.

Ge 4:4; 22:8; 1Sa 7:9; Joh 1:29,36; 1Co 5:7; Re 5:6-13; 7:9-14; 13:8

lamb. or, kid.The word {seh} means the young of both sheep and goats, and may be indifferently rendered either lamb or kid. It is evident from ver. 5 that the Hebrews might take either; but they generally preferred a lamb, from being of a more gentle nature.

Le 5:6; Nu 15:11; 2Ch 35:7

an house.The Israelites were divided into twelve tribes, these tribes into families, the families into houses, and the houses into particular persons.

Nu 1:1-54; Jos 7:14

be without.

Le 1:3,10; 22:19-24; De 17:1; Mal 1:7,8,14; Heb 7:26; 9:13,14

1Pe 1:18,19

a male of the first year. Heb. son of a year.

Le 23:12; 1Sa 13:1; *marg:

fourteenth.

Le 23:5; Nu 9:3; 28:16,18; De 16:1-6; 2Ch 30:15; Eze 45:21

the whole.

2Ch 30:15-18; Isa 53:6; Mt 27:20,25; Mr 15:1,8,11,25,33,34

Lu 23:1,18; Ac 2:23; 3:14; 4:27

in the evening. Heb. between the two evenings.The Jews divided the day into morning and evening: till the sun passed the meridian, all was morning or forenoon; after that, all was evening or afternoon. Their first evening began just after twelve o'clock, and continued till sunset; their second evening began at sunset, and continued till night, i.e., during the whole time of twilight; between twelve o'clock, therefore, and the termination of twilight, the passover was to be offered. See Parallel Passages.

16:12; Mt 27:46-50

22,23; Eph 1:7; Heb 9:13,14,22; 10:14,29; 11:28; 1Pe 1:2

eat the.

Mt 26:26; Joh 6:52-57

roast.

De 16:7; Ps 22:14; Isa 53:10

unleavened.

13:3,7; 34:25; Nu 9:11; De 16:3; Am 4:5; Mt 16:12; 1Co 5:6-8

Ga 5:9

with bitter.

1:14; Nu 9:11; Zec 12:10; 1Th 1:6

but roast with fire.

8; De 16:7; La 1:13

23:18; 29:34; 34:25; Le 7:15-17; 22:30; De 16:4,5

loins.

Mt 26:19,20; Lu 12:35; Eph 6:15; 1Pe 1:13

shoes.

Lu 7:38; 15:22; Eph 6:15

it is the.

27; Le 23:5; Nu 28:16; De 16:2-6; 1Co 5:7

pass.

23; 11:4,5; Am 5:17

will smite.

29,30; 11:4-6

against.

Nu 33:4; 1Sa 5:3; 6:5; 1Ch 14:12; Isa 19:1; Jer 43:13; Zep 2:11

gods. or, princes.

21:6; 22:28; Ps 82:1,6; Joh 10:34,35

I am the Lord.

6:2; Isa 43:11-15; Eze 12:16

the blood.

23; Ge 17:11; Jos 2:12; Heb 11:28

and when.

1Th 1:10; 1Jo 1:7

to destroy you. Heb. for a destruction.

memorial.

13:9; Nu 16:40; Jos 4:7; Ps 111:4; 135:13; Zec 6:14; Mt 26:13

Lu 22:19; 1Co 11:23-26

a feast.

5:1; De 16:11; Ne 8:9-12

by an ordinance.

17,24,43; 13:10; Le 23:4,5; Nu 10:8; 18:8; De 16:1; 1Sa 30:25

2Ki 23:21; Eze 46:14; 1Co 5:7,8

Seven.

8; 13:6,7-10; 23:15; 34:18,25; Le 23:5-8; Nu 28:17; De 16:3,5,8

Mt 16:12; Lu 12:1; Ac 12:3

that soul.

19,20; 31:14; Ge 17:14; Le 17:10,14; Nu 9:13; Mal 2:12; Ga 5:12

first day.

Le 23:2,3,7,8,21,24,25,27,35; Nu 28:18,25; 29:1,12

no manner.

16:5,23,29; 20:10; 35:2,3; Jer 17:21,22

man Heb. soul.

in this selfsame.

7:5; 13:8; Nu 20:16

an ordinance.

1,15; Le 23:5,6; Nu 28:16

Seven.

23:15; 34:18; De 16:3; 1Co 5:7,8

even that.

15; Nu 9:13

whether.

43,48

elders.

3:16; 17:5; 19:7; Nu 11:16

and take.

3; Nu 9:2-5; Jos 5:10; 2Ki 23:21; 2Ch 30:15-17; 35:5,6; Ezr 6:20

Mt 26:17-19; Mr 14:12-16; Lu 22:7-13; 1Co 10:4

lamb. or, kid.

3; *marg:

the passover.That is, the lamb which was called the {paschal,} or passover lamb; the animal sacrificed obtaining the name of the institution. St. Paul copies the expression in 1 Co 5:7.

a bunch.

Le 14:6,7; Nu 19:18; Ps 51:7; Heb 9:1,14,19; 11:28; 12:24; 1Pe 1:2

hyssop. The word {aizov,} which has been variously rendered, most probably denotes Hyssop; whence are derived the Chaldee {aizova,} Syriac {zupha,} Arabic {zupha,} Ethiopic {azab,} and {hushopa,} Greek [`ussopos,] hussopos ,] Latin {hyssopus,} German {usop,} and our hyssop, a name retained, with little variation, in all the western languages. It is a plant of the gymnospermia (naked seeded) order, belonging to the didynamia class. It has bushy stalks, growing a foot and a half high; small spear-shaped, close-sitting, and opposite leaves, with several smaller ones rising from the same joint; and all the stalks and branches terminated by erect whorled spikes of flowers, of different colours in the varieties of the plant. The leaves have an aromatic smell, and a warm, pungent taste. Its detersive, cleansing, and medicinal qualities were probably the reason why it was so particularly recommended in Scripture.

strike.

and none.

Mt 26:30

will pass through.

12,13

and will not.

2Sa 24:16; Isa 37:36; Eze 9:4,6; 1Co 10:10; Heb 11:28; 12:24

Re 7:3; 9:4

14; Ge 17:8-10

when.

De 4:5; 12:8,9; 16:5-9; Jos 5:10-12; Ps 105:44,45

according.

3:8,17

your children.

13:8,9,14,15,22; De 6:7; 11:19; 32:7; Jos 4:6,7,21-24; Ps 78:3-6

Ps 145:4; Isa 38:19; Eph 6:4

It is the sacrifice.

11,23; 34:25; De 16:2,5; 1Co 5:7

bowed.

4:31; 34:8; 1Ch 29:20; 2Ch 20:18; 29:30; Ne 8:6

Heb 11:28

at midnight.

12; 11:4; 13:15; Job 34:20; 1Th 5:2,3

the Lord smote.The infliction of this judgment on the Egyptians was most equitable; because, after their nation had been preserved by one of the Israelitish family, they had, contrary to all right, and in defiance of original stipulation, enslaved the people to whom they had been so much indebted, had murdered their offspring, and made their bondage intolerable. See Bryant, p. 160.

Nu 3:13; 8:17; 33:4; Ps 78:51; 105:36; 135:8; 136:10; Heb 11:28

Heb 12:23

the first-born of Pharaoh.

4:23; 11:5

dungeon. Heb. house of the pit.

Isa 24:22; 51:14; Jer 38:6,13; Zec 9:11

and there was a great cry.No people were more remarkable and frantic in their mournings than the Egyptians. When a relative died, every one left the house, and the women, with their hair loose, and their bosoms bare, ran wild about the street. The men also, with their apparel equally disordered, kept them company; all shrieking, howling, and beating themselves. What a scene of horror and distress must now have presented itself, when there was not a family in Egypt where there was not one dead!

11:6; Pr 21:13; Am 5:17; Mt 25:6; Jas 2:13

called.

10:29

Rise up.

3:19,20; 6:1; 11:1,8; Ps 105:38

the children.

10:9

your flocks.

10:26

bless me.

8:28; 9:28; Ge 27:34,38

urgent.

11:1; Ps 105:38

We be all.

Ge 20:3; Nu 17:12,13

kneading troughs. or, dough.

8:3Probably like the kneading-troughs of the Arabs; comparatively small wooden bowls, which also serve them for dishes. Their being bound up in their clothes may mean no more than their being wrapped up in their {hykes,} or long, loose, garments. See Shaw's Travels, p. 224, 4to. edit.

3:21,22; 11:2,3; Ge 15:14; Ps 105:37

the Lord.

3:21; 11:3; Ge 39:21; Pr 16:7; Da 1:9; Ac 2:47; 7:10

they spoiled.

3:22; Ge 15:14; Ps 105:37

the children.

Nu 33:3,5

Rameses.

1:11; Ge 47:11

six hundred.

38:26; Ge 12:2; 15:5; 46:3; Nu 1:46; 11:21

And a mixed multitude. Heb. a great mixture.

Nu 11:4; Zec 8:23

thrust.

33; 6:1; 11:1 The Samaritan Pentateuch reads, "Now the sojourning of the children of Israel, and of their fathers in the land of Canaan and in the land of Egypt, was 430 years." The Alexandrine copy of the LXX. has the same reading; and the same statement is made by the apostle Paul, in Ga 3:17, who reckons from the promise made to Abraham to the giving of the law. That these three witnesses have the truth, the chronology itself proves; for it is evident that the descendants of Israel did not dwell 430 years in Egypt; while it is equally evident, that the period from Abraham's entry into Canaan to the Exodus, is exactly that number. Thus, from Abraham's entrance into the promised land to the birth of Isaac, was 25 years; Isaac was 60 at the birth of Jacob; Jacob was 130 at his going into Egypt; where he and his children continued 215 years more; making in the whole 430 years. See Kennicott's Dissertation on the Hebrew Text.

sojourning.

Ac 13:17; Heb 11:9

four hundred.

Ge 12:1-3; 15:13; Ac 7:6; Ga 3:16,17

selfsame.

Ps 102:13; Da 9:24; Hab 2:3; Joh 7:8; Ac 1:7

hosts.

51; 7:4; Jos 5:14

a night to be much observed. Heb. a night of observations.observed.

14; De 16:1-6

There shall.

48; Le 22:10; Nu 9:14; Eph 2:12

circumcised.

Ge 17:12,13,23

Le 22:10; Eph 2:12

one house.

1Co 12:12; Eph 2:19-22

neither.

Nu 9:12; Joh 19:33,36

All the.

3,6; Nu 9:13

keep it. Heb. do it.

a stranger.

43; Nu 9:14; 15:15,16

let all.

Ge 17:12; Eze 44:9; 47:22

shall be.

Ga 3:28; Col 3:11

Le 24:22; Nu 9:14; 15:15,16,29; Ga 3:28; Col 3:11

as the Lord.

De 4:1,2; 12:32; Mt 7:24,25; 28:20; Joh 2:5; 13:17; 15:14; Re 22:15

by their armies.

41; 6:26; 7:4

Leviticus 23:5-8

Ex 12:2-14,18; 13:3-10; 23:15; Nu 9:2-7; 28:16; De 16:1-8; Jos 5:10

2Ch 35:18,19; Mt 26:17; Mr 14:12; Lu 22:7; 1Co 5:7,8

Ex 12:15,16; 13:6,7; 34:18; Nu 28:17,18; De 16:8; Ac 12:3,4

Nu 28:18-25

Numbers 9:2-14

keep.

Ex 12:1-20

his appointed.

28:16; Ex 12:6,14; Le 23:5; De 16:1,2; Jos 5:10; 2Ch 35:1; Ezr 6:19

Mr 14:12; Lu 22:7; 1Co 5:7,8

the fourteenth.

2Ch 30:2,15

at even. Heb. between the two evenings.

Ex 12:6; *marg:

Heb 9:26

according to all the rites.

11,12

See on

Ex 12:7-11

they kept.

Jos 5:10

according.

8:20; 29:40; Ge 6:22; 7:5; Ex 39:32,42; De 1:3; 4:5; Mt 28:20

Joh 15:14; Ac 26:19; Heb 3:5; 11:8

defiled.

5:2; 6:6,7; 19:11,16,18; Le 21:11; Joh 18:28

they came.

15:33; 27:2,5; Ex 18:15,19,26; Le 24:11

we may not offer.

2; Ex 12:27; De 16:2; 2Ch 30:17-19; 1Co 5:7,8

Stand.

Ex 14:13; 2Ch 20:17

I will.

27:5; Ps 25:14; 85:8; Pr 3:5,6; Eze 2:7; 3:17; Joh 7:17; 17:8

Ac 20:27; 1Co 4:4; 11:23; Heb 3:5,6

be unclean.

6,7; Ro 15:8-19; 16:25,26; 1Co 6:9-11; Eph 2:1,2,12,13; 3:6-9

yet he shall keep.

Mt 5:24; 1Co 11:28

fourteenth.

3; Ex 12:2-14,43-49; 2Ch 30:2-15; Joh 19:36

and eat it.

Ex 12:8

shall leave.

Ex 12:10

break any bone.In the East, Belon says, he "met with shepherds who were roasting sheep whole, which they sold to travellers stuck upon sticks of willow tree. The entrails were taken out, and the body again sewed up."

Ex 12:46; Joh 19:36

according.

3; Ex 12:43

forbeareth.

15:30,31; 19:13; Ge 17:14; Ex 12:15; Le 17:4,10,14-16; Heb 2:3

Heb 6:6; 10:26-29; 12:25

because.

2,3,7

bear his sin.

5:31; Le 20:20; 22:9; Eze 23:49; Heb 9:28

Ex 12:48,49; Le 19:10; 22:25; 24:22; 25:15; De 29:11; 31:12

Isa 56:3-7; Eph 2:19-22

Numbers 28:16-25

9:3-5; Ex 12:2-11,18,43-49; Le 23:5-8; De 16:1-8; Eze 45:21-24

Mt 26:2,17; Lu 22:7,8; Ac 12:3,4; 1Co 5:7,8

Ex 12:15-17; 13:6; Le 23:6

Ex 12:16; Le 23:7,8

two young.

Eze 45:21-25

they shall.

31; 29:8; Le 22:20; De 15:21; Mal 1:13,14; 1Pe 1:19

3,10

on the seventh.

Ex 12:16; 13:6; Le 23:8

ye shall do.

18,26; 29:1,12,35; Le 23:3,8,21,25,35,36

Deuteronomy 16:1-8

1 The feast of the passover,

9 of weeks,

13 of tabernacles.

16 Every male must offer, as he is able, at these three feasts.

18 Of judges and justice.

21 Groves and images are forbidden.

the month.

Ex 12:2-20; 34:18; Le 23:5; Nu 9:2-5; 28:16

the passover.This word comes from the Hebrew verb {pasach,} to pass, to leap or skip over. The destroying angel passed over the houses marked with the blood of the Paschal Lamb, so the wrath of God passes over those whose souls sprinkled with the blood of Christ. 1Co 5:7. As the paschal lamb was killed before Israel was delivered, so by the death of Christ, we have redemption through his blood. It was killed before the tables of the law were delivered to Moses, or Aaron's sacrifices were enjoined; thus deliverance comes to men, not by the works of the law, but by the only true passover, the Lamb of God. Ro 3:25. Heb 9:14. It was killed the first month of the year, which prefigured that Christ should suffer death in that month. Joh 18:28. it was killed in the evening. Ex 12:6. Christ suffered at that time of the day. Mt 27:46. Heb 1:2. At even the sun sets; at Christ's passion, universal darkness was upon the whole earth. The passover was roasted with fire, denoting the sharp and dreadful pains that Christ should suffer, not only from men, but God also. It was to be eaten with bitter herbs, Ex 12:8; not only to put them in remembrance of their bitter bondage in Egypt, but also to testify our mortification to sin, and readiness to undergo afflictions for Christ, Col 1:24; and likewise to teach us the absolute necessity of true repentance in all that would profitably feed by faith on Christ, the true paschal lamb.

for in.

Ex 12:29-42; 13:4; 23:15; 34:18

sacrifice.

Ex 12:5-7; Nu 28:16-19; 2Ch 35:7; Mt 26:2,17; Mr 14:12; Lu 22:8,15

1Co 5:7

in the place which.

12:5,11,14,18,26; 15:20

eat no.

Ex 12:15,19,20,39; 13:3-7; 34:18; Le 23:6; Nu 9:11; 28:17; 1Co 5:8

the bread.

1Ki 22:27; Ps 102:9; 127:2; Zec 12:10; 2Co 7:10,11; 1Th 1:6

for thou camest.