Exo 7:1, 12, 28:1-2, 12, 29-38, 29:5-46, Lev 8:7-36 | TSK | STEP | Moses and Aaron are encouraged to go again to Pharaoh. Their age. Aaron's rod is turned into a serpent. The sorcerers do the like; but their rods are swallowed up by Aaron's. Pharaoh's heart is hardened. God's message to Pharaoh. The river is turned into blood; and the consequent distress of the Egyptians. See. a god.

the Urim and Thummim.[\^Mymth taw Myrwa ta\^] the Urim and Thummim, lights and perfections; rendered by the LXX. [\~dhlwsiv kai alhyeia\~,] manifestation and truth; and, by the Vulgate, {doctrina et veritas,} doctrine and truth. Among the various and contradictory opinions respecting the form and substance of these mysterious appendages, the most probable seems to be that of Josephus, Philo, Bp. Patrick, Parkhurst, and the Jewish writers generally; who state, that they were no other than the twelve precious stones of the high priest's breastplate. In support of this statement, it is observed, 1. That in the description of the high priest's breastplate, Exod. 39:8, et seq., the Urim and Thummim are not mentioned, but only the rows of stones; and on the contrary, in Lev. 8:8, the Urim and Thummim are expressly mentioned, but not a word is said of the four rows of stones. 2. As Moses has given such a particular description of every thing relative to the high priest's dress, these would certainly have been described had they been different from what was previously mentioned.

Le 8:8; Nu 27:21; De 33:8; Jud 1:1; 20:18,23,27,28; 1Sa 23:9-12

1Sa 28:6; 30:7,8; Ezr 2:63; Ne 7:65

bear the judgment.

Zec 6:13

upon his heart.

2Co 6:11,12; 7:3; 12:15; Php 1:7,8; Heb 2:17; 4:15; 9:12,24

4,28; 39:22; Le 8:7

as it were.

39:28; 2Ch 26:14; Ne 4:16; Job 41:26

that it be not rent.

Joh 19:23,24; Eph 4:3-16

And.

39:24-26

hem. or, skirts. pomegranates.

1Ki 7:18; 2Ki 25:17

bells.

Zec 14:20

Ps 89:15; So 2:3; 4:3,13; 6:7,11; 8:2; Joh 15:4-8,16; Col 1:5,6,10

goeth in.

Le 16:2; Heb 9:12

a plate of pure gold.The word {tzitz,} which we translate a plate, properly signifies a flower. It is rendered by the LXX. [petalon,] a leaf, and is called {nezer,} a crown in ch. 29:6 and [diadema,] a diadem, by the author of the book of Wisdom, ch. 28:24. Josephus says that it was adorned with three rows of the flower which the Greeks call [kyanos.] It was two fingers broad, of a circular form, suited to the shape of the head, and so long that it reached from ear to ear, and was fastened upon a blue lace or ribband, which was tied behind the head; and as the plate reached only half round the head, the remaining part of the ribband was highly ornamented with artificial flowers.

grave upon it.

9,11

HOLINESS.

39:30; Le 8:9; 10:3; 19:2; Ps 93:5; Eze 43:12; Zec 14:20; Heb 7:26

Heb 12:14; 1Pe 1:15,16; 2:9; Re 21:27

blue.

28,31; Nu 15:38

the mitre it.

4; 29:6; 39:30,31; Le 8:9; Zec 3:5

bear the iniquity.

43; Le 10:17; 22:9; Nu 18:1; Isa 53:6,11,12; Eze 4:4-6; Joh 1:29

2Co 5:21; Heb 9:28; 1Pe 2:24; 3:18

accepted.

Le 1:4; 22:27; 23:11; Isa 56:7; 60:7; Eph 1:6; 1Pe 2:5

Exodus 29:5-46

garments.

28:2-8; Le 8:7,8

curious.The word {cheshev,} translated curious girdle, simply signifies a kind of diaper or embroidered work, of the same texture as the ephod itself.

28:8

mitre.{Mitznepheth,} from {tzanaph,} to wrap round, evidently means that covering of the head so universal in eastern countries, which we call turband, which consists of a cap, and a sash of fine linen or silk wound round its bottom.

28:36-39; Le 8:9

28:41; 30:23-31; Le 8:10-12; 10:7; 21:10; Nu 35:25; Ps 89:20; 133:2

Isa 61:1; Joh 3:34; 1Jo 2:27

28:40; Le 8:13

put. Heb. bind. the priest's.

28:1; Nu 16:10,35,40; 18:7; Heb 5:4,5,10; 7:11-14

consecrate. Heb. fill the hand of.

28:41; 32:29; *marg:

Le 8:22-28; Heb 7:23-28

cause.

put.

15,19; Le 1:4; 3:2; 8:14,18; 16:21; Isa 53:6; 2Co 5:21

And.

Le 1:4,5; 8:15; 9:8,12

door.

4; Le 1:3

the blood.

Le 8:15; 9:9; 16:14,18,19; Heb 9:13,14,22; 10:4

the horns.

27:2; 30:2; 38:2

pour all.

Le 4:7,18,25,30,34; 5:9; 9:9

all the fat.

22; Le 3:3,4,9,10,14-16; 4:8,9,26,31,35; 6:12; 7:3,31; Ps 22:14

Isa 1:11; 34:6; 43:24

and the caul.It seemeth by anatomy, and the Hebrew doctors, to be the midriff.

Le 8:16,25; 9:10,19

burn them.

18,25; Le 1:9,15; 16:25; 17:6; Nu 18:17; 1Sa 2:16

flesh.

Le 4:11,12,21; 8:17; 16:27; Heb 13:11-13

it is a.

30:10; Le 4:3,25,29,32; 5:6,8; 6:25; 9:2; 16:3,11; Nu 7:16

2Ch 29:24; Ezr 8:35

one.

3,19; Le 8:18-21

put.

10; Le 1:4-9

11,12

wash the.

Le 1:9,13; 8:21; 9:14; Jer 4:14; Mt 23:26

unto. or, upon.

a burnt offering.

Ge 22:2,7,13; Le 9:24; 1Sa 7:9; 1Ki 3:4; 18:38; Ps 50:8; Isa 1:11

Jer 6:20; 7:21,22; Mr 12:33; Heb 10:6-10

sweet savour.

Ge 8:21; Le 1:17; Eph 5:2; Php 4:18

other.

3; Le 8:22-29

Aaron.

put it upon the tip.All this doubtless was intended to signify, that the priest should dedicate all his faculties and powers to the service of God; his ear to the hearing and study of the law; his hands to diligence in the sacred ministry, and to all acts of obedience; and his feet to walking in the way of God's precepts; for the ear is the symbol of obedience, the hand of action, and the foot of the path or conduct in life. And the sprinkling might further teach him, that he could neither hear, work, nor walk profitably, uprightly, and well pleasingly in the sight of God, without the application of the blood of the sacrifice.

Le 8:24; 14:14; Isa 50:5; Mr 7:33

sprinkle.

Le 14:7,16; 16:14,15,19; Isa 52:15; Heb 9:19-23; 10:22; 12:24

1Pe 1:2

the anointing oil.

7; 30:25-31; Le 8:30; 14:15-18,29; Ps 133:2; Isa 11:2-5; 61:1-3

shall be.

1; Joh 17:19; Heb 9:22; 10:29

Also thou.

13; Le 8:25-27

the rump.{Alyah} is the large tail of a species of eastern sheep. "This tail," says Dr. Russell, "is very broad and large, terminating in a small appendix that turns back upon it. It is of a substance between fat and marrow, and is not eaten separately, but mixed with lean meat in many of their dishes, and also often used instead of butter. A common sheep of this sort, without the head, feet, skin, and entrails, weighs about twelve or fourteen {Aleppo rotoloes,} (a {rotoloe} is five pounds,) of which the tail is usually three {rotoloes} or upwards; but such as are of the largest breed, and have been fattened, will sometimes weigh about thirty {rotoloes,} and the tails of these ten."

Le 3:9; 7:3; 9:19

right shoulder.

Le 7:32,33; 9:21; 10:14; Nu 18:18

2,3

put.

Le 8:27

wave them. Heb. shake to and fro. a wave.

26,27; Le 7:30; 9:21; 10:14

thou.

Le 7:29-31; 8:28; Ps 99:6

for a sweet.

offering.

41; Le 1:9,13; 2:2,9,16; 3:3,5,9,11,14,16; 7:5,25; 10:13; 1Sa 2:28

the breast.

Le 8:29

it shall be thy.

Ps 99:6

the breast.

Le 7:31-34; 8:29; 9:21; 10:15; Nu 6:20; 18:11,18,19; De 18:3

the wave offering.The wave offering and heave offering are thus distinguished by the Jewish writers: the former, called {tenoophah,} from {nooph,} to move, toss, was waved horizontally towards the four cardinal points, to signify that He to whom it was consecrated was the Lord of the whole earth; the latter, called {teroomah,} from room, to be elevated, was lifted perpendicularly upward and downward, in token of its being devoted to the God of heaven.

the ram of the consecration.{Ail milluim,} literally, "the ram of filling;" so called, according to some, because at the consecration of the priests, certain pieces of the sacrifice were put into their hands (ver. 24;) on which account their consecration itself is called "filling their hands." (ch. 28:41.) Rabbi Solomon gives a different reason for the ram being so called, from {malai,} to be full, complete; because the sacrifice completed the consecration, and thereupon the priests were fully invested in their office. Accordingly, the LXX. render it by [teleiosis,] consummation.

See

Heb 7:28; Le 7:37; 8:28-31

Aaron's.

Le 7:32-34; 10:14,15; De 18:3

is an heave.

27; Le 7:14,34; Nu 15:19,20; 18:24,29; 31:29,41

sacrifice.

Le 3:1; 7:11-38

holy.

28:3,4

his.

Nu 20:26-28

anointed.

5-7; 30:30; 40:15; Le 8:7-12; Nu 18:8; 35:25

that son. Heb. he of his sons.

Nu 20:28; Heb 7:26

seven days.

35; 12:15; Ge 8:10,12; Le 8:33-35; 9:1,8; 12:2,3; 13:5; Jos 6:14,15

Eze 43:26; Ac 20:6,7

the ram.

seethe his flesh.

Le 8:31; 1Sa 2:13,15; Eze 46:20-24

Aaron.

24:9-11; Le 10:12-14

and the bread.

2,3,23; Mt 12:4

eat those.

Le 10:13-18; Ps 22:26; Joh 6:53-55; 1Co 11:24,26

a stranger.

Le 22:10-13; Nu 1:51; 3:10,38; 16:40; 18:4,7

they are holy.

Nu 16:5

flesh.

22,26,28

burn.

12:10; 16:19; Le 7:18,19; 8:32; 10:16

thus shalt thou do.

40:12-15; Le 8:4-36

according.

39:42,43; 40:16; Joh 16:14

seven days.

30,37; 40:12,13; Le 8:33-35; 14:8-11

every day.

10-14; Eze 43:25,27; 48:18-20; Heb 10:11

cleanse.

Le 16:16-19,27; Heb 9:22,23

anoint it.

30:26,28,29; 40:9-11; Le 8:10,11; Nu 7:1

and sanctify it.

40:10; Da 9:24

it shall be an.

30:29; Mt 23:17,19

two lambs.

Nu 28:3-8; 1Ch 16:40; 2Ch 2:4; 13:11; 31:3; Ezr 3:3; Da 9:21,27

Da 12:11; Joh 1:29; Heb 7:27; 1Pe 1:19; Re 5:9-12

in the morning.

2Ki 16:15; 2Ch 13:11; Ps 5:3; 55:16,17; Eze 46:13-15; Lu 1:10

Ac 26:7

at even.

a tenth.

16:36; Nu 15:4,9; 28:5,13

deal.{Deal} signifies a part, from the Anglo-Saxon {dæl,} a part, or portion, taken from the whole, from {dælan,} to divide. From Nu 28:5, we learn, that this tenth {deal} was the tenth part of an {ephah,} which constituted an {omer,} about three quarts English.

hin.

30:24; Le 23:13; Nu 15:4; 28:14; Eze 4:11; 45:24; 46:5,7,11,14

a drink.

Ge 35:14; Le 23:13; Nu 6:15-17; 15:5,7,10,24; 28:10,14,15,24

Nu 29:16; De 32:38; Isa 57:6; Eze 20:28; 45:17; Joe 1:9,13; 2:14

Php 2:17; *Gr:

offer.

1Ki 18:29,36; 2Ki 16:15; Ezr 9:4,5; Ps 141:2; Eze 46:13-15

Da 9:21

a continual.

38; 30:8; Nu 28:6; Da 8:11-13; 12:11

where.

25:22; 30:6,36; Le 1:1; Nu 17:4

the tabernacle. or, Israel. sanctified.

40:34; 1Ki 8:11; 2Ch 5:14; 7:1-3; Isa 6:1-3; 60:1; Eze 43:5

Hag 2:7-9; Mal 3:1; 2Co 3:18; 4:6; 1Jo 3:2; Re 21:22,23

sanctify also.

Le 21:15; 22:9,16; Joh 10:36; Re 1:5,6

15:17; 25:8; Le 26:12; Ps 68:18; Zec 2:10; Joh 14:17,20,23

2Co 6:16; Eph 2:22; Re 21:3

that I am.

20:2; Jer 31:33

them: I am.

Le 11:44; 18:30; 19:2; Eze 20:5

Leviticus 8:7-36

he put.

Ex 28:4; 29:5; 39:1-7; Isa 61:3,10; Ro 3:22; 13:14; Ga 3:27

the ephod.The {ephod} seems to have been a garment worn by persons of distinction of various characters (2 Sa 6:4); the description of which in the book of Exodus (ch. 28:6, etc.) relates only to its materials. As to its shape, the LXX. calls it [epómis,] which signifies that it was worn on the shoulders. So also Josephus, who says it was a cubit long. St. Jerome compares it with the Roman {caracalla,} which was a sort of short cloak, only that it had a head or hood, which the ephod had not.

the breast plate.

Ex 28:15-29; 39:8-21; So 8:6; Isa 59:17; Eph 6:14; 1Th 5:8

the Urim.

Ex 28:30; Ezr 2:63

Ex 28:4,36-38; 29:6; 39:28-30; Zec 3:5; 6:11-14; Php 2:9-11

Ex 30:23-29; 40:9-11

Ex 4:6,17; 16:14,19; Isa 52:15; Eze 36:25; Tit 3:6

4:3; 21:10,11,12; Ex 28:41; 29:7; 30:30; Ps 133:2

Moses.

Ex 28:40,41; 29:8,9; 40:14,15; Ps 132:9; Isa 61:6,10; 1Pe 2:5,9

Re 1:6; 5:10

coats.The {kethoneth,} or coat, was made of linen; but the form of it is no where described in Scripture, except in the visionary appearance of Christ to St. John, in the form and habit of a priest (Re 1:13); where he is said to be [endedumenos podere,] "clothed with a garment down to the feet," which perfectly agrees with the description the Jewish writers give of it; who also say, that it had sleeves which came down to the wrist, and was tied about the neck; so that it was not unlike a long shirt. It was common to all the priests; but the tunic of the high priest was made of finer linen, or wove in a more curious manner. (Ex 28:4.)

put. Heb. bound. bonnets.The {migbaôth}, or bonnets, are described by Josephus as being like helmets of linen, one wreath being plaited and folded over another and a thin cap, suited to its shape, put over all, to prevent its unfolding.

he brought.

2; 4:3-12; 16:6; Ex 29:10-14; Isa 53:10; Eze 43:19; Ro 8:3; 2Co 5:21

Heb 7:26-28; 1Pe 3:18

laid.

1:4; 4:4; 16:21

he slew it.

1:5,11; 3:2,8; Ex 29:10,11

Moses.

4:7,17,18,30; Ex 29:12,36,37; Eze 43:19-27; Heb 9:18-23

to make.

6:30; 16:20; 2Ch 29:24; Eze 45:20; Da 9:24; Ro 5:10; 2Co 5:18-21

Eph 2:16; Col 1:21,22; Heb 2:17The beginning of this verse may be rendered, "And Moses slew it, and took the blood," etc. We find it expressly said in Exodus, that Moses slew the sacrifices.

Ex 29:11Yet, in general, the offerer seems to have killed his own sacrifice.

3:3-5; 4:8,9; Ex 29:13

4:11,12,21; 6:30; 16:27; Ex 29:14; Ga 3:13; Heb 13:11-13

1:4-13; Ex 29:15-18

a sweet savour.

1:17; 2:9; Ge 8:21; Ex 29:18; Eph 5:2

the ram of consecration.

2,29; 7:37; Ex 29:19-31; Joh 17:19; 1Co 1:30; 2Co 5:21

Eph 5:25,27; Re 1:5,6"The ram of consecration" was evidently a sacrifice of peace offering though presented on a particular occasion. Part of the blood was applied, not as that of the sin offering, to the horns of the altar, but to Aaron and his sons; to the tips of their right ears, the thumbs of their right hands, and the great toes of their right feet: implying their obligation to hearken diligently to the word of God--to do his work in the best manner which they could, and to walk in his ways with steady perseverance; and also, that they could not do these things acceptably except through the atoning blood, received and applied by faith. Then part of the blood reserved upon the altar, probably in a basin for that purpose, was mingled with the holy anointing oil, and sprinkled on the garments both of Aaron and his sons, to hallow them to the Lord. "This may be looked upon as a lively representation of our purification by the blood of jesus Christ, through his Holy Spirit."--Bp. Patrick

Moses took.

14:14,17,28; Ex 29:20; Ro 6:13,19; 12:1; 1Co 1:2,30; 6:20

1Th 5:22; Php 1:20; 2:17; Heb 2:10; 5:8

Moses sprinkled.

Heb 9:22

3:3-5,9; Ex 29:22-25; Pr 23:26; Isa 53:10

Ex 29:23; Joh 1:14; Ac 5:12; 1Ti 2:5

upon Aaron's.

Ex 29:24-37; Jer 30:21; Heb 9:14

and waved.

7:30,31

Moses.

Ex 29:25; Ps 22:13,14; Zec 13:7; Heb 10:14-22

they were.

7:30-34; Ex 29:26,27; Isa 66:20; 1Co 10:31; 1Pe 4:11

the anointing.

Ex 29:21; 30:30; Isa 61:1,3; Ga 5:22-25; Heb 2:11; 1Pe 1:2

1Jo 2:27; Re 7:14

and sanctified.

10:3; Nu 3:3

Boil.

6:28; 7:15; Ex 29:31,32; De 12:6,7; 1Sa 2:13-17; Eze 46:20-24

eat it.

10:17; Joh 6:33,35,51,53-56; Ga 2:20

7:17; Ex 12:10; 29:34; Pr 27:1; Ec 9:10; 2Co 6:2; Heb 3:13,14

seven days.

14:8; Ex 29:30,35; Nu 19:12; Eze 43:25-27

Heb 7:16,27; 10:11,12

the tabernacle.

14:8; Ex 29:35; Nu 19:12; Eze 43:25; 2Co 7:1; Col 2:9,10; Heb 7:28

Heb 9:23,24

keep.

30; 10:1; Nu 3:7; 9:19; De 11:1; 1Ki 2:3; 1Ti 1:3,4,18; 5:21

1Ti 6:13,17,20; 2Ti 4:1

Aaron.This was necessary to be added, to show the exact fulfilment of the commandments delivered to Moses, and which are recorded in Exodus, ch. 29; and consequently the complete consecration and preparation of Aaron and his sons to fill the awfully important office of priests and mediators between God and the children of Israel, to offer sacrifices, and make atonement for the sins of the people.

Ex 39:43; 40:16; De 4:2; 12:32; 1Sa 15:22