Isa 27:1, 51:9, Eze 29:3 | JFB | STEP | 1. sore —rather, "hard," "well-tempered." leviathan —literally, in Arabic, "the twisted animal," applicable to every great tenant of the waters, sea-serpents, crocodiles, &c. In , &c., potentates hostile to Israel are similarly described; antitypically and ultimately Satan is intended ( ). piercing —rigid [LOWTH ]. Flying [MAURER and Septuagint ]. Long, extended, namely, as the crocodile which cannot readily bend back its body [HOUBIGANT ]. crooked —winding. dragon — Hebrew, tenin; the crocodile. sea —the Euphrates, or the expansion of it near Babylon.

Isaiah 27:1

1. sore—rather, "hard," "well-tempered."

leviathan—literally, in Arabic, "the twisted animal," applicable to every great tenant of the waters, sea-serpents, crocodiles, &c. In Eze 29:3; 32:2; Da 7:1, &c. Re 12:3, &c., potentates hostile to Israel are similarly described; antitypically and ultimately Satan is intended (Re 20:10).

piercing—rigid [LOWTH]. Flying [MAURER and Septuagint]. Long, extended, namely, as the crocodile which cannot readily bend back its body [HOUBIGANT].

crooked—winding.

dragon—Hebrew, tenin; the crocodile.

sea—the Euphrates, or the expansion of it near Babylon.

Isaiah 51:9

9. Impassioned prayer of the exiled Jews.

ancient days— (Ps 44:1).

Rahab—poetical name for Egypt (see on Isa 30:7).

dragon—Hebrew, tannin. The crocodile, an emblem of Egypt, as represented on coins struck after the conquest of Egypt by Augustus; or rather here, "its king," Pharaoh (see on Isa 27:1; Ps 74:13, 14; Eze 32:2, Margin; Eze 29:3).

Ezekiel 29:3

3. dragon—Hebrew, tanim, any large aquatic animal, here the crocodile, which on Roman coins is the emblem of Egypt.

lieth—restest proudly secure.

his rivers—the mouths, branches, and canals of the Nile, to which Egypt owed its fertility.