▼ Grk “in which you exult.”

▼ ‡ The oldest and best witnesses lack the verb (א* B, along with 1505 pc), but most mss (Ƥ⁷² א² A C P Ψ 048 33 1739 Maj.) have ἐστίν here (estin, “[if] it is [necessary]”). The verb looks to be an explanatory gloss. But if no verb is present, this opens up the time frame in the author’s mind even more, since the conditional particle for both the first class condition and the fourth class condition is εἰ (ei). That may well be what was on the author’s mind, as evidenced by some of his other allusions to suffering in this little letter (3:14, 17). NA²⁷ has the verb in brackets, indicating doubts as to its authenticity.

▼ Grk “Though now, for a little while if necessary, you may have to suffer.”