Jer 50:31-33 | NETfull | STEP | “Listen! I am opposed to you, you proud city,” says the Lord God who rules over all. “Indeed, your day of reckoning has come, the time when I will punish you.

Jeremiah 50:31-33

31 “Listen! I am opposed to you, you proud city,” ^{▼▼ Heb “Behold, I am against you, proud one.” The word “city” is not in the text but it is generally agreed that the word is being used as a personification of the city which had “proudly defied” the Lord (v. 29). The word “city” is supplied in the translation for clarity.}
says the Lord God who rules over all. ^{▼▼ Heb “oracle of the Lord Yahweh of armies.” For the rendering of this title and an explanation of its significance see the study note on 2:19.}
“Indeed, ^{▼▼ The particle כִּי (ki) is probably asseverative here (so J. A. Thompson, Jeremiah [NICOT], 739, n. 13, and cf. BDB 472 s.v. כִּי 1.e for other examples). This has been a common use of this particle in the book of Jeremiah.} your day of reckoning ^{▼▼ The words “of reckoning” are not in the text but are implicit from the context. They are supplied in the translation for clarity.} has come,
the time when I will punish you. ^{▼▼ Compare v. 27.}
32 You will stumble and fall, you proud city;
no one will help you get up.
I will set fire to your towns;
it will burn up everything that surrounds you.” ^{▼▼ Heb “And the proud one will fall and there will be no one to help him up. I will start a fire in his towns and it will consume all that surround him.” The personification continues but now the stance is indirect (third person) rather than direct (second person). It is easier for the modern reader who is not accustomed to such sudden shifts if the second person is maintained. The personification of the city (or nation) as masculine is a little unusual; normally cities and nations are personified as feminine, as daughters or mothers.}
33 The Lord who rules over all ^{▼▼ Heb “Yahweh of armies.” For an explanation of this title see the study note on 2:19.} says,
“The people of Israel are oppressed.
So too are the people of Judah. ^{▼▼ Heb “Oppressed are the people of Israel and the people of Judah together,” i.e., both the people of Israel and Judah are oppressed. However, neither of these renderings is very poetic. The translation seeks to achieve the same meaning with better poetic expression.}
All those who took them captive are holding them prisoners.
They refuse to set them free.