Lev 5:7-13 | NETfull | STEP | “‘If he cannot afford an animal from the flock, he must bring his penalty for guilt for his sin that he has committed, two turtledoves or two young pigeons, to the Lord , one for a sin offering and one for a burnt offering.

Leviticus 5:7-13

7 “‘If he cannot afford an animal from the flock, ^{▼▼ Heb “and if his hand does not reach enough of a flock animal” (see the note on v. 11 below). The term translated “animal from the flock” (שֶׂה, seh) is often translated “lamb” (e.g., KJV, NASB, NIV, NCV) or “sheep” (e.g., NRSV, TEV, NLT), but it clearly includes either a sheep or a goat here (cf. v. 6), referring to the smaller pasture animals as opposed to the larger ones (i.e., cattle; cf. 4:3). Some English versions use the more generic “animal” (e.g., NAB, CEV).} he must bring his penalty for guilt for his sin that he has committed, ^{▼▼ Heb “and he shall bring his guilt which he sinned,” which is an abbreviated form of Lev 5:6, “and he shall bring his [penalty for] guilt to the Lord for his sin which he committed.” The words “for his sin” have been left out in v. 7, and “to the Lord” has been moved so that it follows the mention of the birds.} two turtledoves or two young pigeons, ^{▼▼ See the note on Lev 1:14 above.} to the Lord, one for a sin offering and one for a burnt offering. 8 He must bring them to the priest and present first the one that is for a sin offering. The priest ^{▼▼ Heb “he.” The subject (“he”) refers to the priest here, not the offerer who presented the birds to the priest (cf. v. 8a).} must pinch ^{▼▼ The action seems to involve both a twisting action, breaking the neck of the bird and severing its vertebrae, as well as pinching or nipping the skin, but in this case not severing the head from the main body (note the rest of this verse).} its head at the nape of its neck, but must not sever the head from the body. ^{▼▼ Heb “he shall not divide [it]” (see J. Milgrom, Leviticus [AB], 1:305).} 9 Then he must sprinkle ^{▼▼ The Hebrew verb וְהִזָּה (v^ehizzah, Hiphil of נָזָה, nazah) does indeed mean “sprinkle” or “splatter” (cf. Lev 4:6, 17). Contrast “splash” in Lev 1:5, etc. (זָרָק, zaraq).} some of the blood of the sin offering on the wall of the altar, and the remainder of the blood ^{▼▼ Heb “the remainder in the blood.” The Heb. preposition “in” (בְּ, b^e) is used here to mean “some among” a whole collection of something.} must be squeezed out at the base of the altar – it is a sin offering. 10 The second bird ^{▼▼ The word “bird” is not in the Hebrew text, but is supplied in the translation for clarity.} he must make a burnt offering according to the standard regulation. ^{▼▼ The term “[standard] regulation” (מִשְׁפָּט, mishppat) here refers to the set of regulations for burnt offering birds in Lev 1:14–17.} So the priest will make atonement ^{▼▼ The focus of sin offering “atonement” was purging impurities from the tabernacle (see the note on Lev 1:4).} on behalf of this person for ^{▼▼ See the note on 4:26 with regard to מִן, min.} his sin which he has committed, and he will be forgiven. ^{▼▼ Heb “there shall be forgiveness to him” or “it shall be forgiven to him” (KJV similar).}

11 “‘If he cannot afford ^{▼▼ Heb “and if his hand does not reach [or is not sufficient] to”; cf. NASB “if his means are insufficient for.” The expression is the same as that in Lev 5:7 above except for the verb: נָשַׂג (nasag, “to collect, to reach, to be sufficient”) is used here, but נָגַע (nagah, “to touch, to reach”) is used in v. 7. Smr has the former in both v. 7 and 11.} two turtledoves or two young pigeons, ^{▼▼ See the note on Lev 1:14 above (cf. also 5:7).} he must bring as his offering for his sin which he has committed ^{▼▼ Heb “and he shall bring his offering which he sinned.” Like the similar expression in v. 7 above (see the note there), this is an abbreviated form of Lev 5:6, “and he shall bring his [penalty for] guilt to the Lord for his sin which he committed.” Here the words “to the Lord for his sin” have been left out, and “his [penalty for] guilt” has been changed to “his offering.”} a tenth of an ephah ^{▼▼ A tenth of an ephah would be about 2.3 liters, one day’s ration for a single person (J. Milgrom, Leviticus [AB], 1:306). English versions handle the amount somewhat differently, cf. NCV “about two quarts”; TEV “one kilogramme”; CEV “two pounds.”} of choice wheat flour ^{▼▼ See the note on Lev 2:1 above.} for a sin offering. He must not place olive oil on it and he must not put frankincense on it, because it is a sin offering. 12 He must bring it to the priest and the priest must scoop out from it a handful as its memorial portion ^{▼▼ The “memorial portion” (אַזְכָּרָה, ’azkkarah) was the part of the grain offering that was burnt on the altar (Lev 2:2), as opposed to the remainder, which was normally consumed by the priests (Lev 2:3; see the full regulations in Lev 6:14–23 [6:7–16 HT]). It was probably intended to call to mind (i.e., memorialize) before the Lord the reason for the presentation of the particular offering (see the remarks in R. E. Averbeck, NIDOTTE 1:335–39).} and offer it up in smoke on the altar on top of the other gifts of the Lord – it is a sin offering. 13 So the priest will make atonement ^{▼▼ The focus of sin offering “atonement” was purging impurities from the tabernacle (see the note on Lev 1:4).} on his behalf for his sin which he has committed by doing one of these things, ^{▼▼ Heb “from one from these,” referring to the four kinds of violations of the law delineated in Lev 5:1–4 (see the note on Lev 5:5 above and cf. Lev 4:27).} and he will be forgiven. ^{▼▼ Heb “there shall be forgiveness to him” or “it shall be forgiven to him” (KJV similar).} The remainder of the offering ^{▼▼ Heb “and it”; the referent (the remaining portion of the offering) has been specified in the translation for clarity.} will belong to the priest like the grain offering.’” ^{▼▼ Heb “and it shall be to the priest like the grain offering,” referring to the rest of the grain that was not offered on the altar (cf. the regulations in Lev 2:3, 10).}