Pro 3:27-30 | NETfull | STEP | Do not withhold good from those who need it, when you have the ability to help.

Proverbs 3:27-30

Wisdom Demonstrated in Relationships with People

27 Do not withhold good from those who need it, ^{▼▼ The MT has “from its possessors” and the LXX simply has “from the poor.” C. H. Toy (Proverbs [ICC], 77) suggests emending the text to read “neighbors” (changing בְּעָלָיו [be’alav] to רֵעֶיךָ, re’ekha) but that is gratuitous. The idea can be explained as being those who need to possess it, or as BDB 127 s.v. בַּעַל has it with an objective genitive, “the owner of it” = the one to whom it is due.}
when ^{▼▼ The infinitive construct with preposition ב (bet) introduces a temporal clause: “when….”} you ^{▼▼ The form יָדֶיךָ (yadekha) is a Kethib/Qere reading. The Kethib is the dual יָדֶיךָ (“your hands”) and the Qere is the singular יָדְךָ (yad^ekha, “your hand”). Normally the Qere is preferred because it represents an alternate textual tradition that the Masoretes viewed as superior to the received text.} ^{▼▼ Heb “your hand.” The term יָדְךָ (“your hand”) functions as a synecdoche of part (= your hand) for the whole person (= you).} have the ability ^{▼▼ Heb “it is to the power of your hand.” This expression is idiomatic for “it is in your power” or “you have the ability” (Gen 31:29; Deut 28:23; Neh 5:5; Mic 2:1). The noun אֵל (’el) means “power” (BDB 43 s.v. 7), and יָד (yad, “hand”) is used figuratively to denote “ability” (BDB 390 s.v. 2). Several translations render this as “when it is in your power to do it” (KJV, RSV, NRSV, NASB) or “when it is in your power to act” (NIV). W. McKane suggests, “when it is in your power to confer it” (Proverbs [OTL], 215).} to help. ^{▼▼ Heb “to do [it]” (cf. KJV, NASB, NRSV).}
28 Do not say to your neighbor, “Go! Return tomorrow
and I will give it,” when ^{▼▼ Heb “and it is with you.” The prefixed vav introduces a circumstantial clause: “when …”} you have it with you at the time. ^{▼▼ The words “at the time” are not in the Hebrew text, but are supplied in the translation for clarity.}
29 Do not plot ^{▼▼ The verb חָרַשׁ (kharash) means “to cut in; to engrave; to plough; to devise.” The idea of plotting is metaphorical for working, practicing or fabricating (BDB 360 s.v.).} evil against your neighbor
when ^{▼▼ The vav (ו) prefixed to the pronoun introduces a disjunctive circumstantial clause: “when….”} he dwells by you unsuspectingly.
30 Do not accuse ^{▼▼ The term רִיב (riv) can mean “quarrel” or “legal accusation” (BDB 936 s.v.). Both ideas would work but the more technical legal accusation fits the context better. This is a warning to not bring legal accusations against anyone without a legitimate reason.} anyone ^{▼▼ Heb “a man.”} without legitimate cause, ^{▼▼ Heb “gratuitously”; NIV, TEV “for no (+ good NCV) reason.” The adverb חִנָּם (khinam) means “without cause, undeservedly,” especially of groundless hostility (HALOT 334 s.v. 3; BDB 336 s.v. c).}
if he has not treated you wrongly.