Psalms 105:28-36

28 He made it dark;
Heb “he sent darkness and made it dark.”
He made it dark. The psalmist begins with the ninth plague (see Exod 10:21–29).

they did not disobey his orders.
Heb “they did not rebel against his words.” Apparently this refers to Moses and Aaron, who obediently carried out God’s orders.

29 He turned their water into blood,
and killed their fish.
30 Their land was overrun by frogs,
which even got into the rooms of their kings.
31 He ordered flies to come;
Heb “he spoke and flies came.”

gnats invaded their whole territory.
32 He sent hail along with the rain;
Heb “he gave their rains hail.”

there was lightning in their land.
Heb “fire of flames [was] in their land.”

33 He destroyed their vines and fig trees,
and broke the trees throughout their territory.
34 He ordered locusts to come,
Heb “he spoke and locusts came.”

innumerable grasshoppers.
35 They ate all the vegetation in their land,
and devoured the crops of their fields.
Heb “the fruit of their ground.”

36 He struck down all the firstborn in their land,
the firstfruits of their reproductive power.
Heb “the beginning of all their strength,” that is, reproductive power (see Ps 78:51).
Verses 28–36 recall the plagues in a different order than the one presented in Exodus: v. 28 (plague 9), v. 29 (plague 1), v. 30 (plague 2), v. 31a (plague 4), v. 31b (plague 3), vv. 32–33 (plague 7), vv. 34–35 (plague 8), v. 36 (plague 10). No reference is made in Ps 105 to plagues 5 and 6.

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