Gen 34:2, 37:12, 14, Jos 20:7, 21:21, 24:1, 32, Judg 9:1, 1Ki 12:1, 25 | TSK | STEP | Shechem. saw her. took her. defiled her. Heb. humbled her.

appointed. Heb. sanctified. Kedesh.Kedesh, called Cadesa, or Caidesa, by Josephus, was situated in Upper Galilee, twenty miles south-east from Tyre, according to Eusebius. The cities of refuge were distributed through the land at proper distances from each other, that they might be convenient to every part of the land; and it is said they were situated on eminences, that they might be easily seen at a distance; the roads leading to them being broad, even, and always kept in good repair. Kedesh and Hebron were at the two extremities of the land, the former being in Galilee, and the latter in Judah, both in mountainous districts, and Shechem was in mount Ephraim, nearly in the centre. Bezer was east of Jordan, in the eastern part of the plain opposite Jericho; Ramoth was about the midst of the country of the two tribes and a half, being about the middle of the mountains of Gilead; and Golan, the capital of Gaulonitis, was situated in the tribe of Manasseh, in the land of Bashan. As this institution is considered as a type of Christ, some expositors observe a significancy in the names of these cities with application to Him as Our Refuge. Kedesh signifies holy, and our refuge is the holy Jesus. Shechem, a shoulder, "and the government is upon his shoulder." Hebron, fellowship, and believers are called into the fellowship of Christ Jesus our Lord. Bezer, a fortification, for he is a strong hold to all them that trust in him. Ramoth, high, or exalted, for him hath God exalted with his own right hand. Golan, joy, or exultation, for in him all the saints are justified, and shall glory.

21:32; 1Ch 6:76

Shechem.

21:21; Ge 33:18,19; 2Ch 10:1

Kirjath-arba.

14:15; 21:11,13

mountain.

Lu 1:39

Joshua 21:21

Shechem.

20:7; Ge 33:19; Jud 9:1; 1Ki 12:1

Gezer.

16:10; 1Ki 9:15-17; 1Ch 6:67

Joshua 24:1

1 Joshua assembles the tribes at Shechem.

2 A brief history of God's benefits, from Terah.

14 He renews the covenant between them and God.

26 A stone the witness of the covenant.

29 Joshua's age, death, and burial.

32 Joseph's bones are buried.

33 Eleazar dies.

Joshua.This must have been a different assembly from that mentioned in the preceding chapter, though probably held not long after the former.

Shechem.As it is immediately added, that "they presented themselves before God," which is supposed to mean at the tabernacle; some are of opinion that Joshua caused it to be conveyed from Shiloh to Shechem on this occasion, to give the greater solemnity to his last meeting with the people. The Vatican and Alexandrian copies of the Septuagint, however, read [Selo,] both here and in verse 25; which many suppose to have been the original reading. Dr. Shuckford supposes that the covenant was made at Shechem, and that the people went to Shiloh to confirm it. But the most probable opinion seems to be that of Dr. Kennicott, that when all the tribes were assembled as Shechem, Joshua called the chiefs to him on that mount, which had before been consecrated by the law, and by the altar which he had erected.

Ge 12:6; 33:18,19; 35:4; Jud 9:1-3; 1Ki 12:1

called.

23:2; Ex 18:25,26

presented.

1Sa 10:19; Ac 10:33