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Luke 23

1 

Jesus Brought Before Pilate

And the whole assembly of them rose up and ▼
▼ Here “ and” is supplied because the previous participle (“rose up”) has been translated as a finite verb
 brought him before Pilate. 2 And they began to accuse him, saying, “We have found this man misleading our nation and forbidding us ▼
▼ Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
 to pay taxes to Caesar, and saying he himself is Christ, a king!” 3 And Pilate asked him, saying, “Are you the king of the Jews?” And he answered him and ▼
▼ Here “ and” is supplied because the previous participle (“answered”) has been translated as a finite verb
 said, “You say so.” 4 So Pilate said to the chief priests and the crowds, “I find no basis for an accusation against this man.” 5 But they insisted, saying, “He incites the people, teaching throughout the whole of Judea and beginning from Galilee as far as here.”

6 

Jesus Brought Before Herod

Now when ▼
▼ Here “ when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“heard”) which is understood as temporal
 Pilate heard this ▼
▼ Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
 he asked if the man was a Galilean. 7 And when he ▼
▼ Here “ when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“found out”) which is understood as temporal
 found out that he was from the jurisdiction of Herod, he sent him over to Herod, who was also in Jerusalem in those days. 8 And when ▼
▼ Here “ when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“saw”) which is understood as temporal
 Herod saw Jesus, he was very glad, for he had been wanting to see him for a long time, because he had heard about him and was hoping to see some miracle performed by him. 9 So he questioned him ˻at considerable length˼, ▼
▼ Literally “with many words”
 but he answered nothing to him. 10 And the chief priests and the scribes were standing there vehemently accusing him. 11 And Herod with his soldiers also treated him with contempt, and after ▼
▼ Here “ after” is supplied as a component of the participle (“mocking”) which is understood as temporal
 mocking him ▼
▼ Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
 and ▼
▼ Here “ and” is supplied to connect the two participles (“mocking” and “dressing”) in keeping with English style
 dressing him ▼
▼ Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
 in glistening clothing, he sent him back to Pilate. 12 And both Herod and Pilate became friends with one another on that same day, ˻for they had previously been enemies of one another˼. ▼
▼ Literally “for they had previously existed being at enmity with each other”

13 

Pilate Releases Barabbas

So Pilate called together the chief priests and the rulers and the people 14 and ▼
▼ Here “ and” is supplied because the participle in the previous verse (“called together”) has been translated as a finite verb
 said to them, “You brought me this man as one who was misleading the people, and behold, when I ▼
▼ Here “ when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“examined”) which is understood as temporal
 examined him ▼
▼ Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
 before you, I found nothing in this man as basis for the accusation which ˻you are making˼ ▼
▼ Literally “you are accusing”
 against him. 15 But neither did Herod, because he sent him back to us. And behold, nothing deserving death ˻has been done˼ ▼
▼ Literally “is having been done”
 by him. 16 Therefore I will punish him and ▼
▼ Here “ and” is supplied because the previous participle (“punish”) has been translated as a finite verb
 release him.” ▼
▼ Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
 ▼
▼ Many of the most important Greek manuscripts lack v. 17, “Now he was obligated to release for them at the feast one person.”
 18 But they all cried out in unison, saying, “Take this man away, and release for us Barabbas!” 19 (who had been thrown in prison because of a certain insurrection that had taken place in the city, and for murder). 20 And Pilate, wanting to release Jesus, addressed them ▼
▼ Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
 ▼
▼ Some manuscripts explicitly state “them”
 again, 21 but they kept crying out, saying, “Crucify! Crucify him!” 22 So he said to them a third time, “Why? What wrong has this man done? I found no basis for an accusation ˻deserving death˼ ▼
▼ Literally “of death”
 in him. Therefore I will punish him and ▼
▼ Here “ and” is supplied because the previous participle (“punish”) has been translated as a finite verb
 release him.” ▼
▼ Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
 23 But they were urgent, demanding with loud cries that he be crucified. And their cries prevailed. 24 And Pilate decided that their demand should be granted. 25 And he released the one who had been thrown into prison because of insurrection and murder, whom they were asking for, but Jesus he handed over to their will.

26 

Jesus Is Crucified

And as they led him away, they seized Simon, a certain man of Cyrene, who was coming from the country, and ▼
▼ Here “ and” is supplied because the previous participle (“seized”) has been translated as a finite verb
 placed the cross on him, to carry it ▼
▼ Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
 behind Jesus. 27 And a great crowd of the people were following him, and of women who were mourning and lamenting him. 28 But turning to them, Jesus said, “Daughters of Jerusalem, do not weep for me, but weep for yourselves and for your children! 29 For behold, days are coming in which they will say, ‘Blessed are the barren, and the wombs that did not give birth, and the breasts that did not nurse!’ 30 Then they will begin to say to the mountains, ‘Fall on us!’ and to the hills, ‘Cover us!’ 31 For if they do these things ˻when the wood is green˼, ▼
▼ Literally “in the green wood”
 what will happen ˻when it is dry˼?” ▼
▼ Literally “in the dry”

32 And two other criminals were also led away to be executed with him. 33 And when they came to the place that is called “The Skull,” there they crucified him, and the criminals, the one on his right and the other on his left. 34 〚But Jesus said, “Father, forgive them, for they do not know what they are doing.”〛 ▼
▼ Many important manuscripts lack v. 34a, “But Jesus said, ‘Father, forgive them, for they do not know what they are doing.’ ”
 And they cast lots to divide his clothes. 35 And the people stood there watching, but the rulers also ridiculed him, ▼
▼ Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
 saying, “He saved others; let him save himself, if this man is the Christ ▼
▼ Or “Messiah”
 of God, the Chosen One!” 36 And the soldiers also mocked him, coming up and ▼
▼ Here “ and” is supplied to connect the two participles (“coming up” and “offering”) in keeping with English style
 offering him sour wine 37 and saying, “If you are the king of the Jews, save yourself!” 38 And there was also an inscription over him, “This is the king of the Jews.”

39 And one of the criminals who were hanged there reviled him, saying, “Are you not the Christ? Save yourself—and us!” 40 But the other answered and ▼
▼ Here “ and” is supplied to connect the two participles (“answered” and “rebuked”) in keeping with English style
 rebuked him, saying, “Do you not even fear God, because you are undergoing the same condemnation? 41 And we indeed justly, for we are receiving ˻what we deserve˼ ▼
▼ Literally “ things worthy”
 for what we have done. But this man has done nothing wrong!” 42 And he said, “Jesus, remember me when you come into your kingdom!” 43 And he said to him, “Truly I say to you, today you will be with me in paradise.”

44 

Jesus Dies on the Cross

And by this time it was about the sixth hour, and darkness came over the whole land until the ninth hour 45 because ▼
▼ Here “ because” is supplied as a component of the participle (“failed”) which is understood as causal
 the light of the sun failed. And the curtain of the temple was torn apart down the middle. 46 And Jesus, calling out with a loud voice, said, “Father, into your hands I entrust my spirit!” ▼
▼ A quotation from Ps 31:5
 And after he ▼
▼ Here “ after” is supplied as a component of the participle (“said”) which is understood as temporal
 said this, he expired.

47 Now when ▼
▼ Here “ when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“saw”) which is understood as temporal
 the centurion saw what had happened, he began to praise ▼
▼ The imperfect tense has been translated as ingressive here (“began to praise”)
 God, saying, “Certainly this man was righteous!” 48 And all the crowds that had come together for this spectacle, when they ▼
▼ Here “ when” is supplied as a component of the participle (“saw”) which is understood as temporal
 saw the things that had happened, returned home ▼
▼ The word “ home” is not in the Greek text, but is implied
 beating their ▼
▼ Literally “the”; the Greek article is used here as a possessive pronoun
 breasts. 49 And all his acquaintances, and the women who had followed him from Galilee who saw these things, stood at a distance.

50 

Jesus Is Buried

And behold, a man ˻named˼ ▼
▼ Literally “by name”
 Joseph, who was a member of the council, ▼
▼ Or “a member of the Sanhedrin”
 a good ▼
▼ Some manuscripts have “and a good”
 and righteous man 51 (this man was not consenting to their plan and deed), from Arimathea, ˻a Judean town˼, ▼
▼ Literally “a town of the Jews”
 who was looking forward to the kingdom of God. 52 This man approached Pilate and ▼
▼ Here “ and” is supplied because the previous participle (“approached”) has been translated as a finite verb
 asked for the body of Jesus. 53 And he took it ▼
▼ Here the direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
 down and ▼
▼ Here “ and” is supplied because the previous participle (“wrapped”) has been translated as a finite verb
 wrapped it in a linen cloth and placed him in a tomb cut into the rock where no one had ever been placed. 54 And it was the day of preparation, and the Sabbath was drawing near. 55 And the women who had been accompanying him from Galilee followed and ▼
▼ Here “ and” is supplied because the previous participle (“followed”) has been translated as a finite verb
 saw the tomb and how his body was placed. 56 And they returned and ▼
▼ Here “ and” is supplied because the previous participle (“returned”) has been translated as a finite verb
 prepared fragrant spices and perfumes, and on the Sabbath they rested according to the commandment.

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