Exo 12, Lev 23:5-8, Num 9:2-14, 28:16-25, Deu 16:1-8, 1Cor 5:7-8 | ESV | STEP | The Lord said to Moses and Aaron in the land of Egypt ,

1 The Lord said to Moses and Aaron in the land of Egypt, 2 ^a“This month shall be for you the beginning of months. It shall be the first month of the year for you. 3 Tell all the congregation of Israel that on the tenth day of this month every man shall take a lamb ^baccording to their fathers’ houses, a lamb for a household. 4 And if the household is too small for a lamb, then he and his nearest neighbor shall take according to the number of persons; according to what each can eat you shall make your count for the lamb. 5 Your lamb shall be ^cwithout blemish, a male a year old. You may take it from the sheep or from the goats, 6 and you shall keep it until the ^dfourteenth day of this month, when the whole assembly of the congregation of Israel shall kill their lambs at twilight. ^{▼▼Hebrew between the two evenings}

7 “Then they shall take some of the blood and put it on the ^ftwo doorposts and the lintel of the houses in which they eat it. 8 They shall eat the flesh that night, roasted on the fire; with ^gunleavened bread and bitter herbs they shall eat it. 9 Do not eat any of it raw or boiled in water, but ^hroasted, its head with its legs and its inner parts. 10 And ⁱyou shall let none of it remain until the morning; anything that remains until the morning you shall burn. 11 In this manner you shall eat it: with ^jyour belt fastened, your sandals on your feet, and your staff in your hand. And you shall eat it in haste. ^kIt is the Lord’s Passover. 12 For ^lI will pass through the land of Egypt that night, and I will strike all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, both man and beast; and on ^mall the gods of Egypt I will execute judgments: ⁿI am the Lord. 13 ^oThe blood shall be a sign for you, on the houses where you are. And when I see the blood, I will pass over you, and no plague will befall you to destroy you, when I strike the land of Egypt.

14 “This day shall be ^pfor you a memorial day, and you shall keep it as a feast to the Lord; throughout your generations, as a ^qstatute forever, you shall keep it as a feast. 15 ^rSeven days you shall eat unleavened bread. On the first day you shall remove leaven out of your houses, for if anyone eats what is leavened, from the first day until the seventh day, ^sthat person shall be cut off from Israel. 16 On the first day you shall hold a ^tholy assembly, and on the seventh day a holy assembly. No work shall be done on those days. But what everyone needs to eat, that alone may be prepared by you. 17 And you shall observe the Feast of Unleavened Bread, for ^uon this very day I brought your ^vhosts out of the land of Egypt. Therefore you shall observe this day, throughout your generations, as a statute forever. 18 ^wIn the first month, from the fourteenth day of the month at evening, you shall eat unleavened bread until the twenty-first day of the month at evening. 19 ^xFor seven days no leaven is to be found in your houses. If anyone eats what is leavened, ^ythat person will be cut off from the congregation of Israel, ^zwhether he is a sojourner or a native of the land. 20 You shall eat nothing leavened; in all your dwelling places you shall eat unleavened bread.”

21 Then Moses called all the elders of Israel and said to them, “Go and select lambs for yourselves ^aaaccording to your clans, and kill the Passover lamb. 22 Take a bunch of ^abhyssop and ^acdip it in the blood that is in the basin, and touch ^adthe lintel and the two doorposts with the blood that is in the basin. ^aeNone of you shall go out of the door of his house until the morning. 23 ^afFor the Lord will pass through to strike the Egyptians, and when he sees the blood on ^agthe lintel and on the two doorposts, the Lord will pass over the door and ^ahwill not allow the destroyer to enter your houses to strike you. 24 You shall observe this rite as a statute for you and for your sons forever. 25 And when you come to the land that the Lord will give you, ^aias he has promised, you shall keep this service. 26 And ^ajwhen your children say to you, ‘What do you mean by this service?’ 27 you shall say, ^ak‘It is the sacrifice of the Lord’s Passover, for he passed over the houses of the people of Israel in Egypt, when he struck the Egyptians but spared our houses.’” And the people ^albowed their heads and worshiped.

28 Then the people of Israel went and did so; as the Lord had commanded Moses and Aaron, so they did.

The Tenth Plague: Death of the Firstborn

29 ^amAt midnight the ^anLord struck down all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, ^aofrom the firstborn of Pharaoh who sat on his throne to the firstborn of the captive who was in the dungeon, and all the firstborn of the livestock. 30 And Pharaoh rose up in the night, he and all his servants and all the Egyptians. And there was ^apa great cry in Egypt, for there was not a house where someone was not dead. 31 Then he summoned Moses and Aaron by night and said, “Up, go out from among my people, ^aqboth you and the people of Israel; and go, serve the Lord, as you have said. 32 ^arTake your flocks and your herds, as you have said, and be gone, and bless me also!”

The Exodus

33 ^asThe Egyptians were urgent with the people to send them out of the land in haste. For they said, “We shall all be dead.” 34 So the people took their dough before it was leavened, their kneading bowls being bound up in their cloaks on their shoulders. 35 The people of Israel had also done as Moses told them, for they had ^atasked the Egyptians for silver and gold jewelry and for clothing. 36 ^auAnd the Lord had given the people favor in the sight of the Egyptians, so that ^avthey let them have what they asked. Thus they plundered the Egyptians.

37 And the ^awpeople of Israel journeyed from ^axRameses to Succoth, ^ayabout six hundred thousand men on foot, besides women and children. 38 A ^azmixed multitude also went up with them, and very much livestock, both flocks and herds. 39 And they baked unleavened cakes of the dough that they had brought out of Egypt, for it was not leavened, because ^bathey were thrust out of Egypt and ^bbcould not wait, nor had they prepared any provisions for themselves.

40 The time that the people of Israel lived in Egypt was 430 years. 41 At the end of ^bc430 years, on that very day, all the hosts of the Lord went out from the land of Egypt. 42 It was a night of watching by the Lord, to bring them out of the land of Egypt; so this same night is a ^bdnight of watching kept to the Lord by all the people of Israel throughout their generations.

Institution of the Passover

43 And the Lord said to Moses and Aaron, “This is the statute of the Passover: no foreigner shall eat of it, 44 but every slave ^{▼▼Or servant; the Hebrew term ‘ebed designates a range of social and economic roles (see Preface)} that is ^bfbought for money may eat of it after you have circumcised him. 45 ^bgNo foreigner or hired worker may eat of it. 46 It shall be eaten in one house; you shall not take any of the flesh outside the house, and ^bhyou shall not break any of its bones. 47 ^biAll the congregation of Israel shall keep it. 48 ^bjIf a stranger shall sojourn with you and would keep the Passover to the Lord, let all his males be circumcised. Then he may come near and keep it; he ^bkshall be as a native of the land. But no uncircumcised person shall eat of it. 49 There shall be ^blone law for the native and for the ^bmstranger who sojourns among you.”

50 All the people of Israel did just as the Lord commanded Moses and Aaron. 51 And on that very day the ^bnLord brought the people of Israel out of the land of Egypt by their ^bohosts.

Leviticus 23:5-8

5 ^bpIn the first month, on the fourteenth day of the month at twilight, ^{▼▼Hebrew between the two evenings} is the Lord’s Passover. 6 And on the fifteenth day of the same month is the Feast of Unleavened Bread to the Lord; for seven days you shall eat unleavened bread. 7 ^brOn the first day you shall have a holy convocation; you shall not do any ordinary work. 8 But you shall present a food offering to the Lord for seven days. On the seventh day is a holy convocation; you shall not do any ordinary work.”

Numbers 9:2-14

2 “Let the people of Israel keep the Passover at its appointed time. 3 ^bsOn the fourteenth day of this month, at twilight, you shall keep it at its appointed time; according to all its statutes and all its rules you shall keep it.” 4 So Moses told the people of Israel that they should keep the Passover. 5 And they kept the Passover in the first month, on the fourteenth day of the month, at twilight, in the wilderness of Sinai; according to all that the Lord commanded Moses, so the people of Israel did. 6 And there were certain men who were ^btunclean through touching a dead body, so that they could not keep the Passover on that day, and ^buthey came before Moses and Aaron on that day. 7 And those men said to him, “We are unclean through touching a dead body. Why are we kept from bringing the Lord’s ^bvoffering at its appointed time among the people of Israel?” 8 And Moses said to them, “Wait, that ^bwI may hear what the Lord will command concerning you.”

9 The Lord spoke to Moses, saying, 10 “Speak to the people of Israel, saying, If any one of you or of your descendants is unclean through touching a dead body, or is on a long journey, he shall still keep the Passover to the Lord. 11 ^bxIn the second month on the fourteenth day at twilight they shall keep it. ^byThey shall eat it with unleavened bread and bitter herbs. 12 ^bzThey shall leave none of it until the morning, ^canor break any of its bones; ^cbaccording to all the statute for the Passover they shall keep it. 13 But if anyone who is clean and is not on a journey fails to keep the Passover, ^ccthat person shall be cut off from his people because he did not bring the Lord’s ^cdoffering at its appointed time; that man shall bear his sin. 14 And if a stranger sojourns among you and would keep the Passover to the Lord, according to the statute of the Passover and according to its rule, so shall he do. ^ceYou shall have one statute, both for the sojourner and for the native.”

Numbers 28:16-25

Passover Offerings

16 ^cf“On the fourteenth day of the first month is the Lord’s Passover, 17 ^cgand on the fifteenth day of this month is a feast. Seven days shall unleavened bread be eaten. 18 ^chOn the first day there shall be a holy convocation. You shall not do any ordinary work, 19 but offer a food offering, a burnt offering to the Lord: two bulls from the herd, one ram, and seven male lambs a year old; ^cisee that they are without blemish; 20 also their grain offering of fine flour mixed with oil; three tenths of an ephah shall you offer for a bull, and two tenths for a ram; 21 a tenth shall you offer for each of the seven lambs; 22 also ^cjone male goat for a sin offering, to make atonement for you. 23 You shall offer these besides the burnt offering of the morning, which is for a regular burnt offering. 24 In the same way you shall offer daily, for seven days, the food of a food offering, with a pleasing aroma to the Lord. It shall be offered besides the regular burnt offering and its drink offering. 25 And ^ckon the seventh day you shall have a holy convocation. You shall not do any ordinary work.

Deuteronomy 16:1-8

Passover

1 “Observe the ^clmonth of Abib and keep the Passover to the Lord your God, for ^cmin the month of Abib the Lord your God brought you out of Egypt by night. 2 And you shall offer the Passover sacrifice to the Lord your God, from the flock or ^cnthe herd, ^coat the place that the Lord will choose, to make his name dwell there. 3 You shall eat no leavened bread with it. ^cpSeven days you shall eat it with unleavened bread, the bread of affliction—for you came out of the land of Egypt ^cqin haste—that all the days of your life you may remember the day when you came out of the land of Egypt. 4 ^crNo leaven shall be seen with you in all your territory for seven days, ^csnor shall any of the flesh that you sacrifice on the evening of the first day remain all night until morning. 5 You may not offer the Passover sacrifice within any of your towns that the Lord your God is giving you, 6 but at the place that the Lord your God will choose, to make his name dwell in it, there you shall offer the Passover sacrifice, in the evening at sunset, at the time you came out of Egypt. 7 And you shall cook it and eat it at the place that the Lord your God will choose. And in the morning you shall turn and go to your tents. 8 For ^ctsix days you shall eat unleavened bread, and on the seventh day there shall be ^cua solemn assembly to the Lord your God. You shall do no work on it.

1 Corinthians 5:7-8

7 Cleanse out the old leaven that you may be a new lump, as you really are unleavened. For Christ, our Passover lamb, has been sacrificed. 8 Let us therefore celebrate the festival, ^cvnot with the old leaven, ^cwthe leaven of malice and evil, but with the unleavened bread of sincerity and truth.