Gen 41-43 | ESV | STEP | After two whole years , Pharaoh dreamed that he was standing by the Nile ,

cw[See ver. 27 above]

cx 1 Kgs. 3:26; [Jer. 31:20]

cy ch. 42:24

cz ch. 45:1

da ch. 46:34; Ex. 8:26

db[2 Sam. 11:8]

dc[ch. 45:22]

Genesis 41

Joseph Interprets Pharaoh’s Dreams

1 After two whole years, Pharaoh dreamed that he was standing by the Nile, 2 and behold, there came up out of the Nile seven cows, attractive and plump, and they fed in the reed grass. 3 And behold, seven other cows, ugly and thin, came up out of the Nile after them, and stood by the other cows on the bank of the Nile. 4 And the ugly, thin cows ate up the seven attractive, plump cows. And Pharaoh awoke. 5 And he fell asleep and dreamed a second time. And behold, seven ears of grain, plump and good, were growing on one stalk. 6 And behold, after them sprouted seven ears, thin and ^ablighted by the east wind. 7 And the thin ears swallowed up the seven plump, full ears. And Pharaoh awoke, and behold, it was a dream. 8 So in the morning ^bhis spirit was troubled, and he sent and called for all the ^cmagicians of Egypt and all its wise men. Pharaoh told them his dreams, but there was none who could interpret them to Pharaoh.

9 Then the chief cupbearer said to Pharaoh, “I remember my offenses today. 10 When Pharaoh was ^dangry with his servants ^eand put me and the chief baker in custody in the house of the captain of the guard, 11 ^fwe dreamed on the same night, he and I, each having a dream with its own interpretation. 12 A young Hebrew was there with us, a servant of the captain of the guard. When we told him, ^ghe interpreted our dreams to us, giving an interpretation to each man according to his dream. 13 And ^has he interpreted to us, so it came about. I was restored to my office, and the baker was hanged.”

14 ⁱThen Pharaoh sent and called Joseph, and they ^jquickly brought him ^kout of the pit. And when he had shaved himself and changed his clothes, he came in before Pharaoh. 15 And Pharaoh said to Joseph, “I have had a dream, and there is no one who can interpret it. ^lI have heard it said of you that when you hear a dream you can interpret it.” 16 Joseph answered Pharaoh, ^m“It is not in me; ⁿGod will give Pharaoh a favorable answer.” ^{▼▼Or (compare Samaritan, Septuagint) Without God it is not possible to give Pharaoh an answer about his welfare} 17 Then Pharaoh said to Joseph, “Behold, ^pin my dream I was standing on the banks of the Nile. 18 Seven cows, plump and attractive, came up out of the Nile and fed in the reed grass. 19 Seven other cows came up after them, poor and very ugly and thin, such as I had never seen in all the land of Egypt. 20 And the thin, ugly cows ate up the first seven plump cows, 21 but when they had eaten them no one would have known that they had eaten them, for they were still as ugly as at the beginning. Then I awoke. 22 I also saw in my dream seven ears growing on one stalk, full and good. 23 Seven ears, withered, thin, and blighted by the east wind, sprouted after them, 24 and the thin ears swallowed up the seven good ears. And ^qI told it to the magicians, but there was no one who could explain it to me.”

25 Then Joseph said to Pharaoh, “The dreams of Pharaoh are one; ^rGod has revealed to Pharaoh what he is about to do. 26 The seven good cows are seven years, and the seven good ears are seven years; the dreams are one. 27 The seven lean and ugly cows that came up after them are seven years, and the seven empty ears blighted by the east wind are also ^sseven years of famine. 28 It is as I told Pharaoh; ^tGod has shown to Pharaoh what he is about to do. 29 There will come ^useven years of great plenty throughout all the land of Egypt, 30 but after them there will arise ^vseven years of famine, and all the plenty will be forgotten in the land of Egypt. ^wThe famine will consume the land, 31 and the plenty will be unknown in the land by reason of the famine that will follow, for it will be very severe. 32 And the doubling of Pharaoh’s dream means that the ^xthing is fixed by God, and God will shortly bring it about. 33 Now therefore let Pharaoh select a discerning and wise man, and set him over the land of Egypt. 34 Let Pharaoh proceed to appoint overseers over the land and take one-fifth of the produce of the land ^{▼▼Or over the land and organize the land} of Egypt during the seven plentiful years. 35 And ^zlet them gather all the food of these good years that are coming and store up grain under the authority of Pharaoh for food in the cities, and let them keep it. 36 That food shall be a reserve for the land against the seven years of famine that are to occur in the land of Egypt, so that the land may not perish through the famine.”

Joseph Rises to Power

37 This proposal pleased Pharaoh and all his servants. 38 And Pharaoh said to his servants, “Can we find a man like this, ^aain whom is the Spirit of God?” ^{▼▼Or of the gods} 39 Then Pharaoh said to Joseph, “Since God has shown you all this, there is none so discerning and wise as you are. 40 ^acYou shall be over my house, and all my people shall order themselves as you command. ^{▼▼Hebrew and according to your command all my people shall kiss the ground} Only as regards the throne will I be greater than you.” 41 And Pharaoh said to Joseph, “See, ^aeI have set you over all the land of Egypt.” 42 Then Pharaoh ^aftook his signet ring from his hand and put it on Joseph’s hand, and ^agclothed him in garments of fine linen ^ahand put a gold chain about his neck. 43 And he made him ride in his second chariot. ^aiAnd they called out before him, “Bow the knee!” ^{▼▼Abrek, probably an Egyptian word, similar in sound to the Hebrew word meaning to kneel} Thus he set him ^akover all the land of Egypt. 44 Moreover, Pharaoh said to Joseph, “I am Pharaoh, and ^alwithout your consent no one shall lift up hand or foot in all the land of Egypt.” 45 And Pharaoh called Joseph’s name Zaphenath-paneah. And he gave him in marriage Asenath, the daughter of Potiphera priest of On. So Joseph went out over the land of Egypt.

46 Joseph was thirty years old when he ^amentered the service of Pharaoh king of Egypt. And Joseph went out from the presence of Pharaoh and went through all the land of Egypt. 47 During the seven plentiful years the earth produced abundantly, 48 and he gathered up all the food of these seven years, which occurred in the land of Egypt, and put the food in the cities. He put in every city the food from the fields around it. 49 And Joseph stored up grain in great abundance, ^anlike the sand of the sea, until he ceased to measure it, for it could not be measured.

50 Before the year of famine came, ^aotwo sons were born to Joseph. Asenath, the daughter of Potiphera priest of On, bore them to him. 51 Joseph called the name of the firstborn Manasseh. “For,” he said, “God has made me forget all my hardship and all my father’s house.” ^{▼▼ Manasseh sounds like the Hebrew for making to forget} 52 The name of the second he called Ephraim, “For God has ^aqmade me fruitful in the land of my affliction.” ^{▼▼ Ephraim sounds like the Hebrew for making fruitful}

53 The seven years of plenty that occurred in the land of Egypt came to an end, 54 and ^asthe seven years of famine began to come, ^atas Joseph had said. There was famine in all lands, but in all the land of Egypt there was bread. 55 When all the land of Egypt was famished, the people cried to Pharaoh for bread. Pharaoh said to all the Egyptians, “Go to Joseph. What he says to you, do.”

56 So when the famine had spread over all the land, Joseph opened all the storehouses ^{▼▼Hebrew all that was in them} and ^avsold to the Egyptians, for the famine was severe in the land of Egypt. 57 Moreover, all the earth came to Egypt to Joseph to buy grain, because the famine was severe ^awover all the earth.

Genesis 42

Joseph’s Brothers Go to Egypt

1 When ^axJacob learned that there was grain for sale in Egypt, he said to his sons, “Why do you look at one another?” 2 And he said, “Behold, I have heard that there is grain for sale in Egypt. Go down and buy grain for us there, that we may ^aylive and not die.” 3 So ten of Joseph’s brothers went down to buy grain in Egypt. 4 But Jacob did not send Benjamin, ^azJoseph’s brother, with his brothers, for ^bahe feared that harm might happen to him. 5 Thus the sons of Israel came to buy among the others who came, for the famine was in the land of Canaan.

6 Now Joseph was governor ^bbover the land. He was the one who sold to all the people of the land. And Joseph’s brothers came and ^bcbowed themselves before him with their faces to the ground. 7 Joseph saw his brothers and recognized them, but he treated them like strangers and ^bdspoke roughly to them. “Where do you come from?” he said. They said, “From the land of Canaan, to buy food.” 8 And Joseph recognized his brothers, but they did not recognize him. 9 And Joseph ^beremembered the dreams that he had dreamed of them. ^bfAnd he said to them, “You are spies; you have come to see the nakedness of the land.” 10 They said to him, “No, my lord, your servants have come to buy food. 11 We are all sons of one man. We are honest men. Your servants have never been spies.”

12 He said to them, “No, it is the nakedness of the land that you have come to see.” 13 And they said, “We, your servants, are twelve brothers, the sons of one man in the land of Canaan, and behold, the youngest is this day with our father, and one ^bgis no more.” 14 But Joseph said to them, “It is as I said to you. You are spies. 15 By this you shall be tested: by the life of Pharaoh, you shall not go from this place unless your youngest brother comes here. 16 Send one of you, and let him bring your brother, while you remain confined, that your words may be tested, whether there is truth in you. Or else, by the life of Pharaoh, surely you are spies.” 17 And he put them all together in custody for three days.

18 On the third day Joseph said to them, “Do this and you will live, ^bhfor I fear God: 19 if you are honest men, let one of your brothers remain confined where you are in custody, and let the rest go and carry ^bigrain for the famine of your households, 20 and ^bjbring your youngest brother to me. So your words will be verified, and you shall not die.” And they did so. 21 Then they said to one another, ^bk“In truth we are guilty concerning our brother, in that we saw the distress of his soul, when he begged us and we did not listen. That is why this distress has come upon us.” 22 And Reuben answered them, ^bl“Did I not tell you not to sin against the boy? But you did not listen. So now ^bmthere comes a reckoning for his blood.” 23 They did not know that Joseph understood them, for there was an interpreter between them. 24 Then he turned away from them and ^bnwept. And he returned to them and spoke to them. And he took Simeon from them and bound him before their eyes. 25 ^boAnd Joseph gave orders to fill their bags with grain, and to replace every man’s money in his sack, and to give them provisions for the journey. This was done for them.

26 Then they loaded their donkeys with their grain and departed. 27 And as ^bpone of them opened his sack to give his donkey fodder at ^bqthe lodging place, he saw his money in the mouth of his sack. 28 He said to his brothers, “My money has been put back; here it is in the mouth of my sack!” At this their hearts failed them, and they turned trembling to one another, saying, “What is this that God has done to us?”

29 When they came to Jacob their father in the land of Canaan, they told him all that had happened to them, saying, 30 “The man, the lord of the land, ^brspoke roughly to us and took us to be spies of the land. 31 But we said to him, ‘We are honest men; we have never been spies. 32 We are twelve brothers, sons of our father. One ^bsis no more, and the youngest is this day with our father in the land of Canaan.’ 33 Then the man, the lord of the land, said to us, ^bt‘By this I shall know that you are honest men: leave one of your brothers with me, and take ^bugrain for the famine of your households, and go your way. 34 Bring your youngest brother to me. Then I shall know that you are not spies but honest men, and I will deliver your brother to you, and you shall ^bvtrade in the land.’”

35 ^bwAs they emptied their sacks, behold, every man’s bundle of money was in his sack. And when they and their father saw their bundles of money, they were afraid. 36 And Jacob their father said to them, “You have ^bxbereaved me of my children: Joseph is no more, and Simeon is no more, and now you would take Benjamin. All this has come against me.” 37 Then Reuben said to his father, “Kill ^bymy two sons if I do not bring him back to you. Put him in my hands, and I will bring him back to you.” 38 But he said, “My son shall not go down with you, for ^bzhis brother is dead, and he is the only one left. ^caIf harm should happen to him on the journey that you are to make, ^cbyou would bring down my gray hairs with sorrow to Sheol.”

Genesis 43

Joseph’s Brothers Return to Egypt

1 Now the famine was ^ccsevere in the land. 2 And when they had eaten the grain that they had brought from Egypt, their father said to them, “Go again, buy us a little food.” 3 But Judah said to him, “The man solemnly warned us, saying, ‘You shall not see my face unless your ^cdbrother is with you.’ 4 If you will send our brother with us, we will go down and buy you food. 5 But if you will not send him, we will not go down, for the man said to us, ‘You shall not see my face, unless your brother is with you.’” 6 Israel said, “Why did you treat me so badly as to tell the man that you had another brother?” 7 They replied, “The man questioned us carefully about ourselves and our kindred, saying, ‘Is your father still alive? Do you have another brother?’ What we told him was in answer to these questions. Could we in any way know that he would say, ‘Bring your brother down’?” 8 And Judah said to Israel his father, “Send the boy with me, and we will arise and go, that we may ^celive and not die, both we and you and also our little ones. 9 I will be a pledge of his safety. From my hand you shall require him. ^cfIf I do not bring him back to you and set him before you, then let me bear the blame forever. 10 If we had not delayed, we would now have returned twice.”

11 Then their father Israel said to them, “If it must be so, then do this: take some of the choice fruits of the land in your bags, and carry a present down to the man, a little ^cgbalm and a little honey, gum, myrrh, pistachio nuts, and almonds. 12 Take double the money with you. Carry back with you the money ^chthat was returned in the mouth of your sacks. Perhaps it was an oversight. 13 Take also your brother, and arise, go again to the man. 14 May ^ciGod Almighty ^{▼▼Hebrew El Shaddai} ^ckgrant you mercy before the man, and may he send back your other brother and Benjamin. And as for me, ^clif I am bereaved of my children, I am bereaved.”

15 So the men took this present, and they took double the money with them, and Benjamin. They arose and went down to Egypt and stood before Joseph.

16 When Joseph saw Benjamin with them, he said to the ^cmsteward of his house, “Bring the men into the house, and slaughter an animal and make ready, for the men are to dine with me at noon.” 17 The man did as Joseph told him and brought the men to Joseph’s house. 18 And the men were afraid because they were brought to Joseph’s house, and they said, “It is because of the money, which was replaced in our sacks the first time, that we are brought in, so that he may assault us and fall upon us to make us servants and seize our donkeys.” 19 So they went up to the steward of Joseph’s house and spoke with him at the door of the house, 20 and said, ^cn“Oh, my lord, ^cowe came down the first time to buy food. 21 And ^cpwhen we came to the lodging place we opened our sacks, and there was each man’s money in the mouth of his sack, our money in full weight. So we have brought it again with us, 22 and we have brought other money down with us to buy food. We do not know who put our money in our sacks.” 23 He replied, “Peace to you, do not be afraid. Your God and the God of your father has put treasure in your sacks for you. I received your money.” Then he brought Simeon out to them. 24 And when the man had brought the men into Joseph’s house and ^cqgiven them water, and they had washed their feet, and when he had given their donkeys fodder, 25 they prepared ^crthe present for Joseph’s coming at noon, for they heard that they should eat bread there.

26 When Joseph came home, they brought into the house to him the present that they had with them and ^csbowed down to him to the ground. 27 And he inquired about their welfare and said, “Is your father well, the old man ^ctof whom you spoke? Is he still alive?” 28 They said, “Your servant our father is well; he is still alive.” And they ^cubowed their heads and prostrated themselves. 29 And he lifted up his eyes and saw his brother Benjamin, ^cvhis mother’s son, and said, “Is this your youngest brother, ^cwof whom you spoke to me? God be gracious to you, my son!” 30 Then Joseph hurried out, for ^cxhis compassion grew warm for his brother, and he sought a place to weep. And he entered his chamber and ^cywept there. 31 Then he washed his face and came out. And ^czcontrolling himself he said, “Serve the food.” 32 They served him by himself, and them by themselves, and the Egyptians who ate with him by themselves, because the Egyptians could not eat with the Hebrews, for that is ^daan abomination to the Egyptians. 33 And they sat before him, the firstborn according to his birthright and the youngest according to his youth. And the men looked at one another in amazement. 34 ^dbPortions were taken to them from Joseph’s table, but Benjamin’s portion was ^dcfive times as much as any of theirs. And they drank and were merry ^{▼▼Hebrew and became intoxicated} with him.