Act 9:1-25 | KingComments | STEP | Saul was raging against the new sect, as Christendom was seen in the beginning. With this he thought he was offering a service to God ( ). The Lord allowed this, because He wanted to make him, the greatest enemy of the church, the greatest witness and apostle of His sovereign grace of the church. The history of his conversion is told three times in Acts, once by Luke (here) and twice by the converted Paul himself ( ). Stephen’s death had only increased Saul’s urge to destroy the church. The fact that he ‘breathed’ threats and murder indicates that he breathed it out. It came from within. Wherever he went, he breathed death for the Christians and in his anger he spat out his venom against them. In his insatiable thirst for the blood of these enemies of the religion of the fathers he did not limit himself to the persecution of them in Jerusalem and surroundings. He also sought after them in the foreign cities ( ). Damascus was also on his list. Damascus had a large Jewish community with several synagogues. Among them there could be some who had become Christians, but were not yet separated from the Jews. The high priest in Jerusalem still had spiritual authority over these synagogues. The jurisdiction of the Council also applied to synagogues in foreign cities. The governments of those countries allowed a certain authority because they believed that this would benefit the peace in their country. The new movement, Christendom, is here called “the Way” ( ; ). It shows the dynamics of Christendom, how it develops. It points especially to the Lord Jesus Who said: “I am the way” ( ). Saul’s intention with his journey to Damascus was to take away from there men and women belonging to “the Way” and bring them bound to Jerusalem. There they could be brought before the Council to be sentenced. But on the way to Damascus, what happens to him is completely unforeseen and completely unwanted, even the most hated. Suddenly a light shines around him from heaven, causing him to fall to the ground. Saul must have travelled on foot. A Pharisee on horseback is not very likely. The distance between Jerusalem and Damascus is about two hundred kilometers. The journey would therefore have taken days. It is also understandable that the news of his arrival rushed ahead and the Christians in Damascus were aware of it ( ). In the light of the sun shining upon him, the Lord Jesus appears to this son of Abraham ( ; cf. ). From the words the Lord speaks to Saul at His appearance, it appears that He declares Himself one with His own on earth. By persecuting His own on earth, Saul is in the process of persecuting Him. That complete unity between the glorified Lord in heaven and the church on earth will be the content of the service of Saul, later Paul. To him the mystery of Christ has been revealed, that is, the unity of the church as heavenly people with Christ glorified in heaven ( ). The authority of the Person Who speaks is undeniable. Saul directly addresses Him as “Lord”, even though he did not yet know Who He was. Then he asks Who He is. These are the first words of a Saul who has been stopped and thrown down. The answer given to him by the Lord also brings him spiritually to the ground. “Jesus” spoke to him! Jesus, thought to be dead, appeared to be alive and to be the Lord of glory. What a shocking discovery! On top of that, ”Jesus” is not only the Lord of glory, but He also acknowledges the disciples that Saul wanted to capture as one with Him. The defenseless sheep he persecutes have a Defender, a Guardian in the Lord Jesus. He also discovers that zeal for Judaism means zeal against the Lord. The conversion of Paul is an example of the conversion of Israel when they also come face to face with Him Whom they have rejected ( ). Also, his conversion is a model for every other sinner: if he who calls himself the foremost of all sinners, the greatest of all sinners ( ) is saved, there is hope for every other sinner who must necessarily be a lesser one. The Lord Jesus has begun a work that will make the greatest opponent of the Christian faith the most fervent advocate of it. In order to continue this, He gives Saul the order to stand up and enter the city. There he will be told what to do. The Lord has personally brought him to a standstill in his rage against Him. He will now call upon others to further form Saul. Saul did not travel alone. There were men with him, presumably to help him carry out his mission. It is obvious that they were police officers of the Sanhedrin. These men had also fallen to the ground by the sudden light that also was shining around them ( ). They also heard the voice, but they saw no one. It was an inexplicable phenomenon for them, for which they had no words. They shared in all the outward characteristics associated with their leader’s encounter with the Lord of glory, but they had no part in it whatsoever. The Lord Jesus did not appear to them, nor did they understand His words to Saul. They were blind and deaf to Him and His words. In Saul’s case, the effect of the encounter is all the more impressive. There is no response, his will is broken, his heart overwhelmed, his spirit contrite. He submits himself completely to the voice that speaks to him. In God’s presence there is no apology or self-justification. How very differently he had imagined his arrival in Damascus. How his plan is thwarted. Without having anything to say about it, he is taken by the hand and brought into Damascus to be joined by the company he wanted to exterminate. The hater and destroyer of the church has become like a gentle lamb that allows itself to be led willy-nilly. He cannot help but surrender to the leadership of others, for he is blind. In this state of blindness, nothing can distract his mind. His blindness also shows him that from now on he should no longer have an eye for the splendor and pomp of the Jewish religion which, after all, is focused on appearance. In the light of the distress of his soul, the needs of the body also disappear. He does not eat or drink anything. In these days of blindness, the terror of his rage against the Lord will have sunk in to him ( ). We read nothing of companions who visit him and want to comfort him. But the Lord is busy with him.

‏ Acts 9:1-25

The Conversion of Saul

Saul was raging against the new sect, as Christendom was seen in the beginning. With this he thought he was offering a service to God (Jn 16:2-3). The Lord allowed this, because He wanted to make him, the greatest enemy of the church, the greatest witness and apostle of His sovereign grace of the church. The history of his conversion is told three times in Acts, once by Luke (here) and twice by the converted Paul himself (Acts 22:1-16 ; Acts 26:1-18).

Stephen’s death had only increased Saul’s urge to destroy the church. The fact that he ‘breathed’ threats and murder indicates that he breathed it out. It came from within. Wherever he went, he breathed death for the Christians and in his anger he spat out his venom against them. In his insatiable thirst for the blood of these enemies of the religion of the fathers he did not limit himself to the persecution of them in Jerusalem and surroundings. He also sought after them in the foreign cities (Acts 26:11). Damascus was also on his list.

Damascus had a large Jewish community with several synagogues. Among them there could be some who had become Christians, but were not yet separated from the Jews. The high priest in Jerusalem still had spiritual authority over these synagogues. The jurisdiction of the Council also applied to synagogues in foreign cities. The governments of those countries allowed a certain authority because they believed that this would benefit the peace in their country.

The new movement, Christendom, is here called “the Way” (Acts 9:2; Acts 19:9 ; 23 ; Acts 22:4 ; Acts 24:14). It shows the dynamics of Christendom, how it develops. It points especially to the Lord Jesus Who said: “I am the way” (Jn 14:6). Saul’s intention with his journey to Damascus was to take away from there men and women belonging to “the Way” and bring them bound to Jerusalem. There they could be brought before the Council to be sentenced.

But on the way to Damascus, what happens to him is completely unforeseen and completely unwanted, even the most hated. Suddenly a light shines around him from heaven, causing him to fall to the ground. Saul must have travelled on foot. A Pharisee on horseback is not very likely. The distance between Jerusalem and Damascus is about two hundred kilometers. The journey would therefore have taken days. It is also understandable that the news of his arrival rushed ahead and the Christians in Damascus were aware of it (Acts 9:14). In the light of the sun shining upon him, the Lord Jesus appears to this son of Abraham (Acts 9:17; cf. Acts 7:2).

From the words the Lord speaks to Saul at His appearance, it appears that He declares Himself one with His own on earth. By persecuting His own on earth, Saul is in the process of persecuting Him. That complete unity between the glorified Lord in heaven and the church on earth will be the content of the service of Saul, later Paul. To him the mystery of Christ has been revealed, that is, the unity of the church as heavenly people with Christ glorified in heaven (Eph 3:3-11).

The authority of the Person Who speaks is undeniable. Saul directly addresses Him as “Lord”, even though he did not yet know Who He was. Then he asks Who He is. These are the first words of a Saul who has been stopped and thrown down. The answer given to him by the Lord also brings him spiritually to the ground. “Jesus” spoke to him!

Jesus, thought to be dead, appeared to be alive and to be the Lord of glory. What a shocking discovery! On top of that, ”Jesus” is not only the Lord of glory, but He also acknowledges the disciples that Saul wanted to capture as one with Him. The defenseless sheep he persecutes have a Defender, a Guardian in the Lord Jesus. He also discovers that zeal for Judaism means zeal against the Lord.

The conversion of Paul is an example of the conversion of Israel when they also come face to face with Him Whom they have rejected (Zec 12:10). Also, his conversion is a model for every other sinner: if he who calls himself the foremost of all sinners, the greatest of all sinners (1Tim 1:15) is saved, there is hope for every other sinner who must necessarily be a lesser one.

The Lord Jesus has begun a work that will make the greatest opponent of the Christian faith the most fervent advocate of it. In order to continue this, He gives Saul the order to stand up and enter the city. There he will be told what to do. The Lord has personally brought him to a standstill in his rage against Him. He will now call upon others to further form Saul.

Saul did not travel alone. There were men with him, presumably to help him carry out his mission. It is obvious that they were police officers of the Sanhedrin. These men had also fallen to the ground by the sudden light that also was shining around them (Acts 26:13-14). They also heard the voice, but they saw no one. It was an inexplicable phenomenon for them, for which they had no words.

They shared in all the outward characteristics associated with their leader’s encounter with the Lord of glory, but they had no part in it whatsoever. The Lord Jesus did not appear to them, nor did they understand His words to Saul. They were blind and deaf to Him and His words.

In Saul’s case, the effect of the encounter is all the more impressive. There is no response, his will is broken, his heart overwhelmed, his spirit contrite. He submits himself completely to the voice that speaks to him. In God’s presence there is no apology or self-justification. How very differently he had imagined his arrival in Damascus. How his plan is thwarted.

Without having anything to say about it, he is taken by the hand and brought into Damascus to be joined by the company he wanted to exterminate. The hater and destroyer of the church has become like a gentle lamb that allows itself to be led willy-nilly. He cannot help but surrender to the leadership of others, for he is blind. In this state of blindness, nothing can distract his mind. His blindness also shows him that from now on he should no longer have an eye for the splendor and pomp of the Jewish religion which, after all, is focused on appearance.

In the light of the distress of his soul, the needs of the body also disappear. He does not eat or drink anything. In these days of blindness, the terror of his rage against the Lord will have sunk in to him (1Tim 1:12-17). We read nothing of companions who visit him and want to comfort him. But the Lord is busy with him.

Conversation Between the Lord and Ananias

After His own work, which no man could do, the Lord is now going to use disciples for the further education of Saul. It is not Peter who is sent to Saul, but an ordinary disciple, hitherto unknown to us. Everything the Lord does with Saul is outside of Jerusalem. Ananias means ‘Yahweh is merciful’. This is apparent from His whole dealings with Saul.

We would never have heard of Ananias if God had not wanted to use him in connection with Saul. He is an ordinary disciple, inconspicuous to people, but useful to God when He needs him. Thus, many hidden disciples have been used by God. They stand in the background of many prominent servants and have influenced their service and education.

The Lord speaks with Ananias as a man speaks with his friend. As soon as He speaks to him, there is an immediate willingness to listen. With the words “here I am, Lord” he immediately makes himself available to the Lord. He does not seem to be frightened by the voice of the Lord, accustomed as he is to a personal relationship with Him.

The Lord tells Ananias where to go and who to inquire for. He gets an address and the name of the owner of the house. There he must inquire for the man who comes from Tarsus and listens to the name Saul. Because he has to inquire for Saul in that house, the house of Judas is probably an inn with several guests. The name of the street, the Straight, contrasts with the twisted road that Saul has gone down until then. That seemed like a straight road to him, but its end would lead him into death (Pro 14:12 ; Pro 16:25).

Ananias receives an additional description by which he will be able to recognize Saul and that is what Saul is doing: he is praying. So he doesn’t have to be afraid of a threatening attitude with Saul. He is as gentle as a lamb. It is the first expression of the new life we hear of Saul. The dependence expressed in prayer will characterize his whole service. The Lord also tells Ananias that He has prepared Saul for his coming. He informed him in a vision of the person who will come to see him, what he will do with him and that he will regain his sight.

After the order and the extensive information about it, Ananias still has reservations. With remarkable boldness he speaks with the Lord about Saul confidentially and openly. The Lord allows him to express his objections, without interrupting him. With due respect Ananias speaks to Him as “Lord” and then tells Him what he has heard about Saul. He has heard from reliable sources how much evil this man has done to the believers in Jerusalem. He speaks about the believers in the Lord as “Your saints”. This is a company which belongs to Christ and which He has separated from the world for Himself (1Cor 6:11).

Ananias also knows that Saul has authority from the chief priests to bind all those who pray to the Lord Jesus as God. It is the great annoyance of the Jews that the Christians acknowledge the Messiah as God. Indeed, it is an annoyance to see in the despised Jesus the Messiah, but it gets much worse when they also see the Messiah as God. For the orthodox Jew, the Messiah is a man, a special man indeed, but no more than a man.

The Lord does not answer Ananias’ objection with stern authority, but gives a patient explanation, although of course Ananias must obey. He speaks to him as someone worthy of His trust and explains to him what He purposes to do with Saul. Saul is a “chosen instrument [or: vessel]” for Him. With the word “vessel,” the Lord wants to say that He is going to use Saul as an instrument in His service. He is going to fill this ‘vessel’ with commands for Him.

The working out of these commands will make Saul a witness of the Name of the Lord Jesus, to bear this Name both before Gentiles, who are ordinary people, and before kings, who are high-ranking people. He will also bear the Name of the Lord Jesus before the sons of Israel. It is remarkable that they are mentioned last.

The execution of his commissions will not go by itself, without effort, but it will cause him much suffering for the same Name’s sake. That suffering starts already with his first preachings (Acts 9:23 ; 29).

Ananias With Saul

After the Lord’s explanation of what will happen to Saul, Ananias goes to the house where Saul is. When he has entered, he lays his hands on him, just as the Lord indirectly told him when He told him about the vision Saul had seen (Acts 9:12). The coming of Ananias confirms Saul’s faith, because Ananias can tell him what happened to him, although he has not left the city.

Ananias lives in Damascus and was on Saul’s list as a candidate to be killed. Now he lays his hands on him, calls him “brother”, and thus repays evil with good. He does not lay his hands on him to consecrate him for his service, not even to give him the gift of the Spirit. He lays his hands on him to accept him as a brother and to declare himself one with him in faith.

It is also a testimony that being a Christian is not a purely individual matter. Christians visit each other and need fellowship. Here two men meet who have never met before, but they are brought together by the Lord after each of them has been informed about the other by Him.

A simple disciple takes care of him who will become the great apostle and lets him experience the first fellowship so characteristic of Christians. Through the hands of this simple disciple – and not of one of the apostles – Saul also regains his sight and is filled with the Holy Spirit. God is sovereign to use whom He wills. In this way, any human presumption in the calling of this special servant is prevented.

Saul spends his first days as a Christian with the disciples in Damascus. By joining them, he also openly testifies that he believes what they believe. He will certainly have been cared for by them and thus have enjoyed the first benefits of the new company to which he has joined. He makes grateful use of the food they give him. In this way he regains strength, which he will use from now on to serve another Lord.

Preaching of Saul and an Attack

The effect of true conversion is an immediate confession of the Lord Jesus (Rom 10:9-10). Saul “immediately” preaches Jesus as the Son of God, which is His personal glory. For confessing this truth, the Lord Jesus was condemned to death (Mt 26:63-66). He had already been preached by Peter as Lord and Christ, the Messiah (Acts 2:36), and Saul now preaches Him as “the Son of God”.

There is no real conversion if there is no confession that Jesus is the Son of God (1Jn 4:15 ; 1Jn 5:12). Jews do believe in the Messiah, but not that He is also God. To them, the Messiah is no more than a man, although a very privileged man. That is what Saul had believed until that moment, and he had fought with fire and sword the confession that this One is the Son of God.

Saul was called by God to preach the Lord Jesus as the Son of God. God wants to reveal His Son in him (Gal 1:16). It does not say ‘to’ him, but “in” him. This points to the inner and intimate connection that is made between the believer and the Lord Jesus at conversion and continues thereafter. In the name ‘Son’ lies the whole riches of the gospel. It is the content of his very first sermon. He proclaims a Person, not a doctrine. This Person is the eternal Son.

He proclaims Him in the synagogues. This shows what we will find in his service, that he first addresses the Jews and only then the Gentiles. Later on we regularly find that he acts in this way by first visiting the synagogue in a city where he comes.

The change that took place with Saul caused a general surprise. Likewise, any sincere conversion will cause amazement about the change it brings about. The change must be noticed, it cannot be hidden. The change with Saul is that he has joined with the Christians whom he first persecuted and that he brings to the Jews the message that he first tried to eradicate.

After an initially hesitant and cautious action, Saul becomes more and more powerful in his performance. It is possible that he has been in Arabia for three years now (Gal 1:17), has been taught by God and has now returned to Damascus. He repeats his preaching, but also adds to his preaching that Jesus is the Christ. Not only does he preach this, but he also proves it.

With his thorough knowledge of the Old Testament and the enlightenment of the Holy Spirit, he is extremely able to provide these proofs. This confuses the Jews in Damascus. His public confession makes him grow in strength. Public confession of faith is also one of the conditions to grow in faith today.

When Saul is active for so many days, resistance also increases. The Jews he is trying to convince, join hands and plot to kill him. To them, Saul is an object of their hatred more than any other Christian because he is, in their eyes, an apostate Jew. From his second letter to the Corinthians, we can deduce that the Jews managed to make the ethnarch or governor their ally, probably by presenting Saul as a great danger to society (2Cor 11:32-33).

He soon shares in the fate of the Lord Jesus. It is a quick fulfillment of the words that the Lord spoke to Ananias about the suffering of Saul for the Name of the Lord (Acts 9:16). Their plot, however, became known to Saul. Luke does not tell us how this happened. The plot is reason for him to flee. While the ethnarch or governor has the gates guarded, Saul escapes their attack.

The escape is not spectacular. The Lord could have blinded the guards and opened the gates as He did earlier at the deliverance of Peter and John from prison (Acts 5:19). Saul escapes in a classical way. He now has some disciples. One night they take him to a hole in the city wall through which they lower him in a large basket. In this way he, who will become the great apostle, dangles in a basket along the city wall, depending on his disciples. They let the rope go until he finally lands safely at the bottom of the wall and can make his way, as we may assume, toward Jerusalem.