Isaiah 6:2-5
Introduction
Before the announced judgments (Isa 5:26-30) are carried out, the Holy Spirit now takes time to describe Isaiah’s calling to be a prophet. Its purpose is to show that a believing remnant is always spared when the LORD is about to judge (cf. Rev 7:3; Rev 9:4). This remnant humbles itself under the discipling hand of the LORD and trembles at His word (Isa 66:2b). Isaiah himself is a type of this believing remnant.Isaiah Sees the LORD in the Temple
This chapter is closely connected with the previous one. The sad state of affairs described in Isaiah 5 exists during the reign of King Uzziah. In 739 BC, the year of death of this king, Isaiah gets a vision in which he sees the glory of the LORD, the eternal King. We see here immediately the great contrast between an earthly king and the LORD. Earthly kings come and go and die, changes of thrones take place, but the LORD is King on His throne forever. The whole scene Isaiah sees is full of holiness. That forms a sharp contrast with the condition of the people on earth. Isaiah sees “the Lord [Adonai, the absolute, sovereign Lord] sitting on a throne, lofty and exalted” (Isa 6:1). The Gospel according to John tells us that Isaiah sees here the glory of the Lord Jesus (Jn 12:37-41). Of that glory Isaiah can only mention the “train of His robe”. The train, the lower part of His garment (cf. Exo 28:33-34), fills the temple. It refers to the Lord Jesus on earth. In Him God has become visible, Whom we cannot see according to His Being, because He “dwells in unapproachable light” (1Tim 6:16). He covers Himself “with light as with a cloak” (Psa 104:2a) and fills His heavenly dwelling, just as the cloud of His glory once filled the tabernacle (Exo 40:35). When Moses and the elders saw the God of Israel, they could only describe what was under His feet (Exo 24:9-10). Three times these verses talk about ‘filling’ and ‘full’, each time using the same Hebrew word male (Isa 6:1; 3; 4). Twice it is connected with the temple and once with the earth. Here we see on the one hand the supreme sovereignty of God. On the other hand we also see how He is present in what is His. That He transcends everything does not mean that He is at a great distance from it. He is present in His temple and in His creation. His exaltation above everything and His involvement in everything are always in perfect balance in God’s Word. The “seraphim” (saraph = fiery or burning), the fiery guardians of the holiness of the LORD (Gen 3:24), dare not behold this glory (Isa 6:2; cf. Heb 12:29). Therefore, as a sign of awe, they cover their faces with two of their wings. In the light of this glory they further indicate the humility of their exalted service by covering their feet with two other wings. With two more, moving wings, they show the continual readiness to perform that service. We also see first the wings with which they cover themselves and then the wings of the service. This indicates that service can only happen if we forget ourselves, cover ourselves, as it were. That is the case when we are in the presence of God.In their reverence for the holiness of the LORD, they call out to one another a threefold ‘holy’ (Isa 6:3; cf. Rev 4:8). The three times ‘holy’ is possibly an allusion to the Divine trinity. A threefold use of a word indicates in Hebrew the highest form, the superlative. The fact that they are calling this out to each other, one to the other, points to the complete unanimity they have about it. There is no difference. In heaven all the inhabitants of heaven are in perfect agreement about the holiness of God. They are not concerned with themselves, but with His glory and holiness. This should also be the case with us (Eph 5:19).The sight of this threefold holiness has such a tremendous effect on Isaiah that it will also characterize his service. ‘Holy’ means ‘to take a separate place in relation to something else’, and not only in relation to evil. Thus the seventh day is ‘sanctified’, i.e. set apart from the other days (Gen 2:3). The LORD is also holy with respect to the holy angels, that is, He is utterly exalted above them in glory and majesty. The angels also proclaim the counsel of God, which is that His glory fills the whole earth (Num 14:21; cf. Isa 11:9; Hab 2:14). In so doing, they proclaim a prophecy, for the time is not yet come. The glory of the LORD will be seen and acknowledged worldwide, which is not yet the case (Jer 31:34; Phil 2:11).The Hebrew word for “glory”, kabod, is used for God in His revelation to His creatures. The essence of His Godhead is unfathomable, but something of His glory can be seen if it pleases Him to reveal it (Exo 33:17-23; Eze 1:28). In a perfect way, that glory has become visible to those who believe in the Lord Jesus (Jn 1:14; 1Jn 1:1-4).The effect of this tribute is overwhelming. There is movement at the entrance of the temple (Isa 6:4) and the dwelling place itself is filled with the smoke (Exo 19:18) from the altar of incense, the symbol of worship. It speaks of the personal glories of the Lord Jesus. His glory fills the house.This also has meaning for us. When the Lord Jesus died, He accomplished the work of God completely. Because of this, heaven is opened for redeemed sinners, so that they can approach God in worship. The throne of God has now become “the throne of grace” (Heb 4:16). This tremendous fact of opening heaven for people has been accompanied by the trembling of the earth (cf. Mt 27:51). When believers enter the sanctuary to honor and plead with God, there can also be such a powerful effect (Acts 4:31). Also filling the house is something we can experience. When God’s Spirit comes to the assembled disciples, He fills the whole house (Acts 2:1-2). This happens because they have all expected this event from God. They have looked forward to it, without being distracted by so many things in the world. If we come together in that spirit and look forward to the revelation of His glory, we can experience it. Then, like Mary, with our worship we will fill the house with the fragrance of it (Jn 12:3).Sinfulness and Forgiveness
While matter moves as the glory of God is revealed, the hearts of God’s people remain hard and motionless. But not Isaiah’s heart. The vision causes him to fall down before the LORD. The LORD is “a consuming fire” (Isa 33:14; Heb 12:29). In this overwhelming light he sees himself as being just as doom worthy as the people. He is going to realize that his fate does not depend on an earthly king (Isa 6:1), but on the LORD, the heavenly King, the three times holy God. That is why, after the six woes over the people in the previous chapter, he pronounces a “woe” for the seventh time, this time over himself (Isa 6:5). It is the ‘woe me’ of a believer who learns to see himself in God’s presence. It is not about certain sins, as with the people, but about his sinfulness. That is a deeper work. Peter also comes to the conviction of his sinfulness in the presence of the Lord (Lk 5:8). We also see it with Abraham who feels like this in God’s presence when he intercedes for Sodom for the sake of Lot (Gen 18:27; cf. Job 42:6). We see the same with Ezekiel when he is called (Eze 1:28), with John on Patmos (Rev 1:17) and with Saul when he is on his way to Damascus (Acts 9:3-4) when they come face to face with the Lord Jesus in His glory. In each of them their further service is characterized by this appearance and encounter. We do not get these visions, but have them in the Word. By reading the Word we will have the same experience. We will behold the glory of the Lord with the eyes of our hearts and be changed into that image, just as they have been changed by it. We will be overwhelmed by the reading of God’s Word in the same way as Isaiah and the others.With the exclamation “woe is me” Isaiah makes himself one with the sinful people. He feels unclean in the presence of the LORD. He knows himself spiritually in the same unclean condition of leprosy as in which King Uzziah, mentioned in Isa 6:1, ended up through pride (2Chr 26:19-21; Lev 13:45). By acknowledging the judgment that he is worth, Isaiah escapes the judgment that God must bring on the whole people. Self-judgment is always the way to personally escape the judgment with which God must strike the whole. For God is always ready to grant salvation. Isaiah now participates in the assurance of forgiveness. In this he is a type of the believing remnant in the future.This is how it should always be with us. The more we understand the characteristics of Christ’s atoning work and the glories of His Person, the more we will become aware of our sinfulness. The closer we are to the Lord, the greater the awareness of our unworthiness will be. Therefore, we will learn to identify ourselves with the condition in which our fellow-members of the body of Christ have come if they have become unfaithful and go a sinful way. We will learn to confess their sins as ours. Ezra and Daniel have learned and done this (Ezra 9:1-15; Dan 9:3-23; cf. Neh 9:16-37). Only in this way we can, like Isaiah here, be called and used by the Lord as a true blessing for others. For a contrite heart there is immediate grace (cf. Isa 57:15). A seraph brings Isaiah into contact with what lies on the altar (Isa 6:6). Because of what the altar represents – Christ, Who offers Himself to God, which gives God the opportunity to offer forgiveness (2Cor 5:20-21) – Isaiah is assured of the forgiveness of his sins (Isa 6:7). Through the application of a coal from the altar of incense, he is made fit for his service. He can now go out, surrounded by the aroma of the altar of incense (cf. 2Cor 2:14-16).In this section we find both a throne and an (incense) altar. This refers to the glory of the Lord Jesus as King and Priest. In Israel king and priest are always separated. When king Uzziah asserts himself to fulfill a priestly task, he becomes leprous (2Chr 26:19). Only the Lord Jesus, like Melchizedek, can be both King and Priest.
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