1 Samuel 3:19-21
3:19 a proved to be reliable: Samuel was an authentic prophet (3:20 b; see Deut 18:21-22 c).3:20 d The whole nation, from Dan in the north to Beersheba in the south, acknowledged that Samuel was God’s prophet.
• confirmed as a prophet: The reliability of Samuel’s message (3:19 e) made it evident that God was speaking through him.
Summary for 1Sam 3:21-4:1: 3:21-4:1a f The Lord continued to appear: God reopened the lines of communication with Israel through Samuel (cp. 3:1 g).
• Shiloh: See study note on 1:3.
1 Samuel 4:1
Summary for 1Sam 4:1-22: 4:1b–7:2 h The crisis surrounding the Ark of the Covenant demonstrated Israel’s need for Samuel’s leadership and fulfilled prophecies about Eli and his sons (3:11-14 i). 4:1b j the Philistines: See profile for The Philistines at end of chapter.• The exact location of Ebenezer is unknown. It was probably just east of Aphek (see also 1 Sam 7:12 k and corresponding study note).
• Aphek was west of Shiloh, well inland and well north of Philistine territory. By camping there, the Philistines might have been trying to seize more Israelite territory.
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