Isaiah 2:3-4
2:3 a Human society will undergo changes as people conform to God’s revelation and follow his ways and paths.• Judah received the revelation (teaching ... word) but did not obey it (1:10-15 b); however, the nations will be ready to do God’s will.
2:4 c The Kingdom of God is evident when conflict and violence end, and it is characterized by peace (Rom 14:17 d). People will cooperate willingly or they will be forced to end their hostilities (Ps 46:9 e). The nations will submit to divine arbitration rather than go to war (see Isa 1:18-20 f).
• The words mediate and settle refer to God’s acts here, but later verses show the Messiah as the executor of justice (11:3-4 g). When this takes place, war will cease, and the nations will change their instruments of war into agricultural tools.
• swords into plowshares: Cp. Joel 3:10 h, where the nations are exhorted to hammer their plowshares into swords.
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