Isaiah 34
Summary for Isa 34:1-17: 34:1-17 a This prophecy of judgment was against the nations at the terrifying day of the Lord (see study note on 2:5-22; see also 63:1-6 b).34:2 c completely destroy: See Lev 27:28-29 d.
34:3 e It was a disgrace for a corpse to remain unburied.
34:4 f The heavens ... stars: See also 13:10 g; Joel 2:30-31 h; Matt 24:29 i; Mark 13:24-25 j; 2 Pet 3:10-13 k; Rev 6:13-14 l.
34:5 m Edom here represents what all the nations would experience, just as Moab was singled out in ch 25 n.
34:6 o Bozrah was a city in Edom, southeast of the Dead Sea.
34:8 p The Lord’s revenge refers to God’s wrathful but righteous vengeance against his enemies and the oppressors of his people on the day of the Lord.
• Edom will be paid back: There will be retribution for Edom’s crimes against Judah (see also Ps 137:7 q; Lam 4:21 r; Obad; Mal 1:3-5 s). Edom, with its history of treachery, would come to an end.
34:9 t Edom’s judgment was similar to the judgment of Sodom and Gomorrah (Gen 19:24 u; see also Jer 49:17-18 v).
34:10 w See also Rev 14:11 x; 19:3 y.
Summary for Isa 34:11-14: 34:11-14 z Wild animals, night birds, and hostile plants with thorns and nettles created an eerie environment.
34:11 aa The identification of some of these birds is uncertain, but they inhabited wild and deserted places and many were considered unclean (Deut 14:11-18 ab).
34:16 ac Search the book of the Lord: Isaiah’s prophecy was God’s witness to the truthfulness of his word.
• The power of the Spirit enacts the Lord’s decrees, assuring that all prophecy comes together to be fulfilled as God promised.
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