a12:4
bNum 21:33-35
cDeut 3:11

‏ Joshua 12:4

12:4  a King Og of Bashan: See Num 21:33-35  b.

• The Rephaites were an indigenous people who lived on both sides of the Jordan. Many scholars have concluded that the Rephaites were unusually tall (see Deut 3:11  c).

• Ashtaroth and Edrei: Many rulers of large kingdoms had palaces in more than one of their cities. The fact that Joshua credits only Og with more than one capital indicates that his kingdom was much larger than others Israel encountered, except for Sihon’s.
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