Deuteronomy 9:3-6
9:3 a The graphic metaphor like a devouring fire depicts God’s war against his enemies (see 1:30 b). God will not just use fire but will himself be a raging inferno, consuming everything in his path. In the end, Israel would simply have to step in and occupy the subdued land.9:5 c to fulfill the oath: In the covenant promises made to the patriarchs, God swore that their descendants would inherit the land of Canaan (Gen 13:14-17 d; 15:18-21 e; see Deut 1:8 f; 8:18 g).
9:6 h Stubborn (literally stiff-necked) describes a draft animal that is unwilling to bend its neck to the yoke (Exod 32:9 i; 33:3 j, 5 k; Isa 48:4 l). Sadly, Israel was not just occasionally stubborn; stubbornness was the nation’s characteristic behavior and attitude.
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