a3:7-19
b1 Cor 10:6
cNum 32:7-11
dDeut 1:19-35
ePs 106:24-26
f3:8
gExod 17:1-7
hNum 20:2-13
iHeb 3:10
jNum 14:1-25
kDeut 1:19-46
lPs 106
m3:9-10
nNum 14:11
p3:11
qJohn 3:36
rRom 1:18
s1 Thes 2:16
tHeb 6:13-20
u7:20-22
wDeut 1:19-46
x3:20
y12:10
zJosh 1:13
aa3:12-19
abPs 95
ac3:12
ad3:13
aePs 95:7
af3:14
ahRom 8:9
aj11:22
ak2 Cor 13:5
alCol 1:22-23
am3:15
anPs 95:7-8
aoHeb 3:12-14
ap3:16-19
aqPs 95:8-11
arNum 14
asDeut 9
atPs 106
au3:19
avNum 14:11
awDeut 9:23
axPs 78:22
azDeut 3:20
ba12:10
bbJosh 1:13

‏ Hebrews 3:7-19

Summary for Heb 3:7-19: 3:7-19  a This passage presents, “as a warning to us” (1 Cor 10:6  b), the negative example of those who wandered in the wilderness for forty years and died there. The wilderness wanderings represent disobedience to God and its consequences (see Num 32:7-11  c; Deut 1:19-35  d; Ps 106:24-26  e).
3:8  f Israel . . . rebelled and tested God in places such as Massah and Meribah, where there was a shortage of water (Exod 17:1-7  g; Num 20:2-13  h), and especially at Kadesh, where the disobedient Israelites refused to enter the Promised Land (Heb 3:10  i; see Num 14:1-25  j; Deut 1:19-46  k; Ps 106  l).
Summary for Heb 3:9-10: 3:9-10  m Despite seeing the miracles God had performed on their behalf, the people of Israel tested God’s patience by refusing to trust him in the wilderness (Num 14:11  n, 22  o). The essence of their rebellion was that their hearts always turned away from God—they did not desire to obey him. The result was that God was angry with them.
3:11  p Rebellion has consequences.

• God’s anger is not merely an emotional reaction; it is his just displeasure toward sin (John 3:36  q; Rom 1:18  r; 1 Thes 2:16  s).

• God’s oath (see Heb 6:13-20  t; 7:20-22  u, 28  v) was that they would never enter Canaan, the place of rest from their wanderings (Deut 1:19-46  w; 3:20  x; 12:10  y; Josh 1:13  z).
Summary for Heb 3:12-19: 3:12-19  aa The author of Hebrews discusses the terms heart, day, today, hear, enter, rest, unbelief, and oath, all drawn from Ps 95  ab. Bible teachers of the ancient world would cite and then explain an Old Testament text, often highlighting significant words from the text, just as preachers do today. This form of exposition was called midrash. 3:12  ac hearts ... not evil and unbelieving: An evil heart stubbornly sets its will against the Lord due to unbelief, causing a person to turn away from the living God.
3:13  ad Using the word “today” from Ps 95:7  ae, the author challenges his hearers to warn each other every day against the deceptive and hardening power of sin.
3:14  af For if we are faithful: Those who persevere in the faith have assurance that they are indeed part of God’s family (see 3:6  ag; Rom 8:9  ah, 17  ai; 11:22  aj; 2 Cor 13:5  ak; Col 1:22-23  al).
3:15  am This verse again quotes Ps 95:7-8  an, the exhortation from that portion of the psalm. It sums up the author’s own exhortation in Heb 3:12-14  ao, focusing on the importance of listening and responding favorably to God’s voice.
Summary for Heb 3:16-19: 3:16-19  ap These verses contain a rapid-fire series of questions and answers, a common rhetorical technique. The three questions follow the progression of ideas found in Ps 95:8-11  aq: The people of Israel rebelled against God, God was angry, and God took an oath that they would never enter his rest. The answers are taken from other Old Testament passages that focus on the Israelites’ rebellion in the wilderness (Num 14  ar; Deut 9  as; Ps 106  at). The author drives home the terrible cost of disobedience to God.
3:19  au Unbelief and disobedience are closely associated in Hebrews and in the Old Testament passages being discussed (Num 14:11  av; Deut 9:23  aw; Ps 78:22  ax, 32  ay). As a consequence of disobedience, they were not able to enter his rest by entering the land of Canaan (Deut 3:20  az; 12:10  ba; Josh 1:13  bb).
Copyright information for TNotes