a46:1-2►
b46:1►
c46:3►
d49:5►
e46:8-13►
f46:10►
g41:4►
i44:6►
j48:12►
k46:11►
l46:12►
m58:2►
n59:9►
o46:13►
p40:9►
q51:5►
r44:13►
s47:1–48:22►
t47:1-15►
u48:1-22►
v47:1-4►
w47:1►
x47:3►
y34:8►
z47:5-11►
aa14:13-17►
abDan 4:30►
ac47:6►
ad47:8►
ae45:5►
af47:10►
ag47:9►
ah47:10►
ai47:11►
aj47:12-15►
ak47:13►
alDan 2:2►

‏ Isaiah 46

Summary for Isa 46:1-2: 46:1-2  a This taunt was against the self-contradiction of Babylonian religion. 46:1  b Marduk-bel was the most important god in the Babylonian pantheon. Bel (similar to “Baal”) designated lordship.

• Nebo (Nabu, Nebu), the patron deity of Babylonian scribes, was thought to be the son of Marduk-bel.

• Instead of being paraded in glory at a Babylonian festival, these gods would be hauled away on ox carts and disposed of, rejected by the Babylonian people.
46:3  c Those who remain in Israel refers to the remnant that would be left alive after the destruction of Jerusalem in 586 BC.

• The Lord, the Creator of humanity, cares for and carries his people (contrast the Babylonian idols that must be carried instead).

• since you were born ... before you were born: The Lord chose Israel even before they were a nation (see also 49:5  d).
Summary for Isa 46:8-13: 46:8-13  e Many of the exiles would be completely discouraged and not believe the prediction of God’s rescue. God challenged this unbelief.
46:10  f God knows the future before it even happens; he has comprehensive control over all events, and all his acts match his words (41:4  g, 26  h). He is the First and the Last (44:6  i; 48:12  j).
46:11  k The swift bird of prey from the east refers to Cyrus, the Persian king (see study note on 41:2).
46:12  l Formerly, Israel cared little for doing right (literally righteousness; see also 58:2  m; 59:9  n).
46:13  o The good news for Israel was that God was coming to set things right (literally I will bring my righteousness near; see 40:9  p; 51:5  q).

• show my glory to Israel: Unlike a craftsman who bestows material splendor on an idol (44:13  r), the Lord bestows true dignity on his people.

‏ Isaiah 47

Summary for Isa 47:1-48:22: 47:1–48:22  s Two conclusions can be drawn from the preceding evidence that the Lord alone is God: (1) Babylon’s great pride is foolishness (47:1-15  t); (2) Israel needs to pay attention to the word of the Lord (48:1-22  u).
Summary for Isa 47:1-4: 47:1-4  v In this taunt against Babylon, the queen of nations is humiliated, forced to work as a servant girl. 47:1  w To sit in the dust was a way of expressing humiliation.
47:3  x God’s vengeance against those who oppose him and those who oppress his people (see 34:8  y) will bring justice to the world by purging it of wickedness.
Summary for Isa 47:5-11: 47:5-11  z Babylon’s confidence and arrogance were well known (see 14:13-17  aa; Dan 4:30  ab). All of this nation’s charms, magic, and wisdom were useless against the disaster decreed for it.
47:6  ac The people of Israel had provoked God’s wrath, prompting him to use Babylon to punish them. Now wicked Babylon itself would be punished.
47:8  ad I am the only one, and there is no other: This was a claim to divinity (cp. 45:5  ae; 47:10  af). Only the Lord can make such a claim. For any created thing, including a nation, to utter this is the height of hubris.

• To be a widow or to lose one’s children was a disgrace.
47:9  ag Witchcraft and magic were commonly used in an attempt to ward off evil and to secure a happy future.
47:10  ah In this context, ‘wisdom’ and ‘knowledge’ probably refer sarcastically to the pseudo-knowledge gained through occult practices, which actually led Babylon away from the truth and into disaster (47:11  ai).
Summary for Isa 47:12-15: 47:12-15  aj In the face of calamity, Babylon would turn to occult practices for help, but it would not find help.
47:13  ak Babylon was advanced in astronomy, which the astrologers and stargazers used as a form of divination (see Dan 2:2  al, 10  am; 5:7  an).
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