Jam 4:1 | TNotes | STEP | 4:1 quarrels and fights (literally wars and battles ): James uses military imagery to declare that their own evil desires at war within them were the immediate cause of the battles among church members. James uses the Greek word translated evil desires again in 4:3 (translated “pleasure”) to enclose the entire paragraph and indicate the source of conflict and unanswered prayer (Luke 8:14 ; Titus 3:3 ).

cLuke 8:14►

dTitus 3:3►

‏ James 4:1

4:1 ^a quarrels and fights (literally wars and battles): James uses military imagery to declare that their own evil desires at war within them were the immediate cause of the battles among church members. James uses the Greek word translated evil desires again in 4:3 ^b (translated “pleasure”) to enclose the entire paragraph and indicate the source of conflict and unanswered prayer (Luke 8:14 ^c; Titus 3:3 ^d).