a23:14-15
b23:4
d23:41
fIsa 53:11
g23:16-18
hMatt 27:26
iMark 15:15
j23:19
kActs 5:36-37

‏ Luke 23:13-23

Summary for Luke 23:14-15: 23:14-15  a Pilate and Herod repeatedly declared Jesus innocent (23:4  b, 22  c)—Jesus was the righteous and innocent suffering servant of the Lord (see also 23:41  d, 47  e; Isa 53:11  f).
Summary for Luke 23:16-18: 23:16-18  g I will have him flogged (or I will teach him a lesson!): The Greek word can mean “instruct,” “punish,” or “discipline”; it refers to a relatively mild whipping given for lesser offenses. It was different from the severe flogging that Romans gave in preparation for crucifixion (see Matt 27:26  h; Mark 15:15  i).
23:19  j Palestine was a breeding ground for insurrection in the decades leading up to the Jewish revolt of AD 66–74. The Jewish historian Josephus describes a series of first-century revolutionaries, such as Judas of Galilee, who opposed Roman rule and taxation (see also Acts 5:36-37  k).
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