Luke 4:1-13
Summary for Luke 4:1-13: 4:1-13 a Satan tempted Jesus to bypass his Father’s plan of salvation by taking power and glory for himself. The forty-day temptation in the wilderness parallels Israel’s forty years of testing in the wilderness. Israel failed when tested, but Jesus was victorious.4:2 b tempted by the devil: The term diabolos is a Greek translation of the Hebrew satan, meaning “accuser” or “adversary” (1 Chr 21:1 c; Job 1:1–2:13 d; Zech 3:1-2 e). Luke uses both terms (“devil,” Luke 4:3 f, 6 g, 13 h; 8:12 i; “Satan,” 10:18 j; 11:18 k; 13:16 l; 22:3 m, 31 n). Adam and Eve were tested by Satan and failed; Jesus, the second Adam, resisted temptation and thus reversed the judgment against Adam and Eve.
4:3 o If you are the Son of God: Both Israel and Adam are identified as God’s son (3:38 p; Exod 4:22-23 q; Hos 11:1 r). Jesus, the Son of God in the fullest sense, succeeded where Adam and Israel failed.
4:4 s People do not live by bread alone: Israel complained constantly about hunger in the wilderness, but Jesus depended on God’s strength to sustain him.
4:6 t they are mine to give: The New Testament elsewhere describes Satan’s limited rule over the present world order (John 12:31 u; 14:30 v; 16:11 w; Eph 2:2 x; 1 Jn 5:19 y).
4:8 z You must worship the Lord your God and serve only him: Israel turned to idolatry when suffering hardship in the wilderness (Deut 9:12 aa). Jesus refused to worship Satan.
Summary for Luke 4:10-11: 4:10-11 ab Having been repulsed twice by Scripture, the devil now quoted Scripture to Jesus, citing a passage that assures God’s people of his protection.
4:12 ac You must not test the Lord your God: In the wilderness, Israel constantly tested God’s faithfulness, but Jesus responded with complete trust in God.
4:13 ad The next opportunity might have been Judas’s betrayal (22:3-6 ae, 21-22 af, 47-48 ag); the supreme test came at Gethsemane (22:39-46 ah).
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