Mal 1:3 | TNotes | STEP | 1:3 rejected (literally hated, the antonym of loved in 1:2 ): Love and hate form a polar word pair in Old Testament legal and prophetic texts (see Deut 7:9-10 ; Amos 5:15 ), often used to describe the alienation of a broken covenant relationship. Here, God says that he rejected Esau (and his descendants, the Edomites). Esau had despised and rejected covenant relationship with the Lord (see Gen 25:34 ; 26:34-35 ). • Esau was the ancestor of the Edomite nation, and his inheritance , the territory of Edom, was located on the southeastern rim of the Dead Sea. The mention of Jacob and Esau calls to mind the twin brothers’ rivalry (Gen 25:23-26 ).

cDeut 7:9-10►

dAmos 5:15►

eGen 25:34►

f26:34-35►

gGen 25:23-26►

‏ Malachi 1:3

1:3 ^a rejected (literally hated, the antonym of loved in 1:2 ^b): Love and hate form a polar word pair in Old Testament legal and prophetic texts (see Deut 7:9-10 ^c; Amos 5:15 ^d), often used to describe the alienation of a broken covenant relationship. Here, God says that he rejected Esau (and his descendants, the Edomites). Esau had despised and rejected covenant relationship with the Lord (see Gen 25:34 ^e; 26:34-35 ^f).

• Esau was the ancestor of the Edomite nation, and his inheritance, the territory of Edom, was located on the southeastern rim of the Dead Sea. The mention of Jacob and Esau calls to mind the twin brothers’ rivalry (Gen 25:23-26 ^g).