Mal 1:4-5 | TNotes | STEP | 1:4 the Lord of Heaven’s Armies (Hebrew Yahweh tseba’oth ): This name for God is prominent in Old Testament prophetic literature. Heaven’s Armies are the angelic armies at God’s command; the phrase emphasizes the invincible power of God. • The Land of Wickedness: Esau was selfish and contemptuous of the tokens of the Lord’s covenant (see Gen 25:34 ). The nation of Edom came to personify the pride of self-centered existence (see Jer 49:16 ). The Edomites were also allies of Babylon in the destruction of Jerusalem (see Ps 137:7-9 ; Obad 1:10 , 12 ).

bGen 25:34►

cJer 49:16►

dPs 137:7-9►

eObad 1:10►

‏ Malachi 1:4-5

1:4 ^a the Lord of Heaven’s Armies (Hebrew Yahweh tseba’oth): This name for God is prominent in Old Testament prophetic literature. Heaven’s Armies are the angelic armies at God’s command; the phrase emphasizes the invincible power of God.

• The Land of Wickedness: Esau was selfish and contemptuous of the tokens of the Lord’s covenant (see Gen 25:34 ^b). The nation of Edom came to personify the pride of self-centered existence (see Jer 49:16 ^c). The Edomites were also allies of Babylon in the destruction of Jerusalem (see Ps 137:7-9 ^d; Obad 1:10 ^e, 12 ^f).