Revelation of John 17:9-10
17:9 a The seven heads of the beast represent the seven hills on which Rome was built (see study note on 16:10-11).• the woman: see 17:3-6 b.
Summary for Rev 17:10-11: 17:10-11 c Five kings have already fallen: If these kings represent Roman emperors, and the starting point for numbering them is the switch from a republic to an empire with Augustus (29 BC–AD 14), then the fifth in line would be Nero (AD 54–68), the sixth would be Vespasian, and the seventh would be Titus. The eighth king would then be Domitian.
• that was, but is no longer: Early commentators argued that Domitian was an embodiment of Nero’s spirit (see study note on 17:8).
• like the other seven: This apparently invincible ruler was also headed for destruction.
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