a5:3-4
bJas 1:2-4
c1 Pet 1:6-7
d5:5
eIsa 28:16
fRom 9:33
gJer 31:33-34
hActs 2:17-21

‏ Romans 5:3-5

Summary for Rom 5:3-4: 5:3-4  a See also Jas 1:2-4  b; 1 Pet 1:6-7  c. The similarities in these passages indicate early Christian teaching common to all three of these writers.
5:5  d this hope will not lead to disappointment (literally will not put to shame): In the Old Testament, shame sometimes refers to a negative verdict from God’s judgment (e.g., Isa 28:16  e, quoted in Rom 9:33  f).

• he has given us the Holy Spirit to fill our hearts with his love: See Jer 31:33-34  g; Acts 2:17-21  h.
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