Zec 9:2 | TNotes | STEP | 9:2 Hamath , a fortress city on one of the southern trade routes from Asia Minor, was on the northern boundary of Israel (see Num 13:21 ; Josh 13:5 ). • The twin port cities of Tyre and Sidon were independent Phoenician kingdoms located on the Mediterranean coast north of Israel (modern-day Lebanon); they are often paired in biblical texts (e.g., Ezra 3:7 ; Joel 3:4 ; Luke 10:13-14 ). The cities were legendary for their maritime trade wealth, but Old Testament prophets condemned their pride and oppressive policies and predicted their destruction (Isa 23 ; Ezek 26:3-14 ; Amos 1:9-10 ).

a9:2►

bNum 13:21►

cJosh 13:5►

dEzra 3:7►

eJoel 3:4►

fLuke 10:13-14►

gIsa 23►

hEzek 26:3-14►

iAmos 1:9-10►

‏ Zechariah 9:2

9:2 ^a Hamath, a fortress city on one of the southern trade routes from Asia Minor, was on the northern boundary of Israel (see Num 13:21 ^b; Josh 13:5 ^c).

• The twin port cities of Tyre and Sidon were independent Phoenician kingdoms located on the Mediterranean coast north of Israel (modern-day Lebanon); they are often paired in biblical texts (e.g., Ezra 3:7 ^d; Joel 3:4 ^e; Luke 10:13-14 ^f). The cities were legendary for their maritime trade wealth, but Old Testament prophets condemned their pride and oppressive policies and predicted their destruction (Isa 23 ^g; Ezek 26:3-14 ^h; Amos 1:9-10 ⁱ).