Ezr 7:10, Ezr 8-10, Neh 8:2-9 | TSK | STEP | prepared. the law. to do it. and to teach.

the river that runneth.Ahava is supposed to be the river Adiava, which, with the Diava, is said by Ammianus to have given name to Adiabene, a province of Assyria, through which they flowed into the Tigris. These rivers were also called respectively, Anzabas and Zabas, the Caprus and Lycus of Ptolemy; the former of which he places, at its source, in long. 79 degrees, lat. 39® degrees, and at its junction with the Tigris, in long. 79® degrees, lat. 36 degrees 6'; and the latter, at its source, in long 78 degrees, lat. 39 degrees; and where it falls into the Tigris, in long. 79 degrees, lat. 36® degrees. They are now called the Great and Little Zab, or the Zabein, i.e., the two Zabs, which, says Ibn Haukal, "are considerable streams, each about half as large as the Dejleh (or Tigris). They rise among the mountains of Azerbaijan: of these, the larger is that which runs towards Haditheh. These streams form part of the Tigris, and water the district of Semerah."

Ps 137:1; Eze 1:1; 3:15; Ac 16:13

Ahava.

21,31

abode. Heb. pitched. and found.

2; 7:7,24

Shemaiah.

13; 10:21

Nathan.

10:39

Zechariah.

chief men.

men of understanding.

18; 1Ki 3:11; 1Ch 12:32; 26:14; 2Ch 2:12; Pr 2:6; 20:5; 28:2; Da 2:21

2Ti 2:7; 1Jo 5:20

Casiphia.Casiphia is supposed to denote the Caspian mountains, between Media and Hyrcania, near the Caspian Sea. It is evident, from a comparison of ch. 7:9 with ver. 31, that Casiphia could not be far from Ahava.

I told them. Heb. I put words in their mouth.

Ex 4:15; De 18:18; 2Sa 14:3,19; Jer 1:9; 15:19

the Nethinims.

2:43,58; 7:7

ministers.

Nu 8:22-26; 18:6; 1Ch 23:3-6,26-32; Tit 1:5

by the good hand.

22; 7:28; Ne 2:8; Pr 3:6

a man of understanding.

16; Pr 24:3; Jer 3:15; Da 1:20; 1Co 14:20

Mahli.

Nu 3:20; 1Ch 6:19

Sherebiah.

24; Ne 8:7; 9:4,5; 10:12; 12:24

Hashabiah.

Ne 3:17; 10:11

Merari.

1Ch 6:1,16,19

Nethinims.

17; 2:43; 7:7; 1Ch 9:2

all of them.

Php 4:3

I proclaimed.

Jud 20:26; 1Sa 7:6; 2Ch 20:3; Joe 1:14; 2:12-18; Jon 3:5

afflict ourselves.

Le 16:29,31; 23:29; Isa 58:3,5; Jer 31:8,9; 50:4,5

to seek.

Ps 5:8; 107:2-8; 143:8-10; Pr 3:6; Isa 30:21; 35:8; 42:16; 49:10

Jer 10:23

for our little ones.

Nu 14:3,31; Ps 8:2; Mr 10:13-16; Ac 2:39

I was ashamed.

1Co 9:15; 2Co 7:14

The hand.

7:6,9,28; 1Ch 28:9; 2Ch 16:9; Ps 33:18,19; 34:15,22; Isa 3:10,11

La 3:25; Ro 8:28; 1Pe 3:12

his power and his wrath.

Jos 23:16; 2Ch 15:2; Ps 21:8,9; 34:16; 90:11; Zep 1:2-6; Heb 10:38

1Pe 3:12

we fasted.

Ne 9:1; Es 4:16; Da 9:3; Lu 2:37; Ac 10:30

besought.

Jer 29:12,13; 33:3; 50:4,5

and he was intreated.

31; De 4:29; 1Ch 5:20; 2Ch 33:12,13; Ps 66:18-20; Isa 19:22

Jer 29:12,13; Mt 7:7,8

Sherebiah.

18,19

weighed.

33; 1:8; 2Co 8:20,21; Php 4:8

the silver.

7:15,16

fine copper. Heb. yellow, or shining brass.The Syriac renders, {nechosho korinthyo tovo,} "good Corinthian brass;" so called from the brass found after the burning of Corinth by Lucius Mummius, which was, as is generally supposed, brass, copper, silver, and gold, melted together. Sir J. Chardin, however, in a MS. note, cited by Harmer, mentioned a factitious metal used in the East, and highly esteemed there, which might probably be of an origin as ancient as Ezra. He says, "I have heard some Dutch gentlemen speak of a metal in the island of Sumatra, and among the Macassars, much more esteemed than gold, which royal personages alone are privileged to wear. It is a mixture, if I remember right, of gold and steel, or copper and steel." He afterwards added, "calmbac is the name of this metal, which is composed of gold and copper."

precious. Heb. desirable.

La 4:2

Ye are holy.

Le 21:6-8; De 33:8; Isa 52:11

the vessels.

1:7-11; Le 22:2,3; Nu 4:4-15,19,20; 7:13,84-88; 1Ki 7:48-51

1Ch 23:28; 2Ch 24:14

Watch ye.

1Ch 26:20-26; Mr 13:34,35; Ac 20:31; 2Ti 4:5

until ye weigh them before.

33,34

the house of our God.

22; 1Ch 29:2,3; Ps 122:9; Isa 60:13

the river of Ahava.

15,21

the hand.

22; 7:9,28; Job 5:19-24; Ps 91:9-14; Isa 41:10-14; Ac 25:3; 26:22

and he delivered.Ezra and his company had now entered upon a journey of several hundred miles through the desert, which they were nearly four months in completing, encumbered with families and possessions, and carrying large treasures with them, which would invite the attempts of the Arabian hordes, and others, that infested that neighbourhood; yet, having declared to the king, "that the hand of God was upon all them for good that seek him, and that his power and wrath were against all them that forsook him," (ver. 22,) he determined to travel without a guard, except that of the Almighty, being ashamed to ask any other, after his former avowed confidence in Him! Having, therefore, humbled themselves before the Lord, and besought his guidance and protection, he was intreated by them, their enemies were restrained or disabled, and they arrived unmolested at Jerusalem.

7:8,9; Ne 2:11

weighed.

26,30; 1Ch 28:14-18; 2Co 8:20,21

Meremoth.

Ne 10:5

Uriah.

Ne 3:4

Urijah. Jozabad.

Ne 8:7

Binnui.

Ne 10:9

offered burnt.

Le 1:1-7:38; 2Ch 29:31,32; Ps 66:10-15; 116:12-19; Lu 1:74,75

twelve bullocks.

6:17; Nu 7:27

the king's commissions.

7:21-24

lieutenants.

4:7-23; 5:6-17

they furthered.

6:13; Isa 56:6,7; Ac 18:27; Re 12:16

‏ Ezra 9

1 Ezra mourns for the affinity of the people with strangers.

5 He prays unto God, with confession of sins.

the princes.

10:8; Jer 26:10,16

have not separated.

6:21,22; 10:10,11; Ex 33:16; Nu 23:9; Ne 9:2; 13:3; Isa 52:11

2Co 6:14-18

doing according.

Le 18:3,24-30; De 12:30,31; 18:9; 2Ch 33:2; Ps 106:35; Ro 2:17-25

of the Canaanites.

Ge 15:16,19-21; Ex 23:23; De 20:17,18

Ammonites.

De 23:3-5; 1Ki 11:1,5-7; Ne 4:3,7; 13:1-3

Moabites.

Nu 25:1-3

taken of their.

10:18-44; Ex 34:16; De 7:1-4; Ne 13:23,24; Mal 2:11

the holy seed.

Ex 19:6; 22:31; De 7:6; 14:2; Isa 6:13; Mal 2:15; 1Co 7:14

mingled.

Ge 6:2; Ne 13:3,23,24; 2Co 6:14

the hand.

10:18-44; Ne 13:4,17,28

rent.

Jos 7:6; 2Ki 18:37; 19:1; Job 1:20; Jer 36:24

off.

Le 21:5; Ne 13:25; Isa 15:2; Jer 7:29; 48:37,38; Eze 7:18; Mic 1:16

sat.

Ne 1:4; Job 2:12,13; Ps 66:3; 143:4; Eze 3:15; Da 4:19; 8:27

trembled.

10:3; 2Ch 34:27; Ps 119:136; Isa 66:2; Eze 9:4

until.

Ex 29:39; Da 9:21; Ac 3:1

heaviness. or, affliction. I fell.

2Ch 6:13; Ps 95:6; Lu 22:41; Ac 21:5; Eph 3:14

spread.

Ex 9:29,33; 1Ki 8:22,38,54; Ps 141:2; 143:6; Isa 1:15

I am ashamed.

Job 40:4; 42:6; Jer 3:3,24,25; 6:15; 8:12; 31:19; Eze 16:63

Da 9:7,8; Ro 6:21

our iniquities.

Ge 13:13; Ps 38:4; Isa 1:18; 59:12

trespass. or, guiltiness. grown up.

2Ch 28:9; Lu 15:21; Re 18:5

Since the days.

Nu 32:14; 2Ch 29:6; 30:7; Ne 9:32-34; Ps 106:6,7; La 5:7; Da 9:5-8

Zec 1:4,5; Mt 23:30-33; Ac 7:51,52

for our iniquities.

Le 26:14-46; De 4:25-28; 28:15-68; 29:22-28; 30:17-19; 31:20-22

De 32:15-28; 1Sa 12:15; 1Ki 9:6-9; Ne 9:30

into the hand.

2Ki 17:5-8; 18:9-12; 24:1-4; 2Ch 36:16-19; Ne 9:36,37; Da 9:11-14

to confusion.

Da 9:7,8

as it is this day.

Ne 9:32; Jer 25:18; 44:22

little space. Heb. moment. grace hath.

9; Ne 1:11; 9:31; Hab 3:2

a remnant.

14; 2Ki 19:4,30,31; Isa 1:9; Jer 42:2; 44:14; Eze 6:8,9; 14:22

Zec 8:6,12; Ro 9:27; 11:5,6

a nail. or a pin. i.e., a constant and sure abode.

Ec 12:11; Isa 22:23-25; Zec 10:4

in his holy place.

Isa 56:5; Re 3:12

lighten.

1Sa 14:27,29; Job 33:30; Ps 13:3; 34:5

reviving.

Ps 85:6; 138:7; Isa 57:15; Eze 37:11-14; Ho 6:2

we were bondmen.

Ne 9:36,37

yet our God.

Ps 106:45,46; 136:23,24; Eze 11:16

in the sight.

1:1-4,7-11; 6:1-12; 7:6,8,11-28

to set up.

6:14,15; Hag 1:9; Zec 4:6-10

repair. Heb. set up. a wall.Or rather, a hedge or fence, {gader,} such as were made for sheep-folds.

Isa 5:2,5; Da 9:25; Zec 2:5

what shall we say.

Ge 44:16; Jos 7:8; La 3:22; Da 9:4-16; Ro 3:19

by thy servants. Heb. by the hand of thy servants. Theland.

1; Le 18:24-30; De 12:31; 18:12; 2Ch 33:2

the filthiness.

6:21; Eze 36:25-27; 2Co 7:1

one end to another. Heb. mouth to mouth.

2Ki 21:16; *marg:

give not.

Ex 23:32; 34:16; De 7:3; Jos 23:12,13

nor seek their peace.

De 23:6; 2Ch 19:2; 2Jo 1:10,11

that ye may.

De 6:1,2; Jos 1:6-9

and eat.

Isa 1:19

and leave it.

Ge 18:18,19; Ps 112:1,2; Pr 13:22; 20:7

after all.

Ne 9:32; Eze 24:13,14; Ga 3:4

hast punished, etc. Heb. hast withheld beneath ouriniquities. less.

Ps 103:10; La 3:22,39,40; Hab 3:2

hast given us.

Ps 106:45,46

we again.

Joh 5:14; Ro 6:1; 2Pe 2:20,21

join in.

2; Ex 23:32; Jud 2:2; Ne 13:23-27

wouldest not thou.

Ex 32:10; Nu 16:21,45; De 9:8,14

no remnant.

8; De 32:26,27; Isa 1:9; Jer 46:28; Eze 6:8

thou art righteous.

Ne 9:33,34; Da 9:7-11,14; Ro 10:3

for we remain.

La 3:22,23

in our trespasses.

Isa 64:6,7; Eze 33:10; Zec 3:3,4; Joh 8:21,24; 1Co 15:17

we cannot.

Job 9:2,3; Ps 130:3; 143:2; Ro 3:19

‏ Ezra 10

1 Ezra encouraged to reform the strange marriages.

6 Ezra assembles the people.

9 The people repent, and promise amendment.

15 The care to perform it.

18 The names of them which had married strange wives.

when Ezra.

Da 9:3,4,20; Ac 10:30

when he had.

Le 26:40,41; Ps 32:5; Ho 14:2; 1Jo 1:8-10

weeping.

Ps 119:136; Jer 9:1; 13:17; Zec 12:10; Lu 19:41; Ro 9:2

before the house.

1Ki 8:30; 9:3; 2Ch 20:9

a very great.

De 31:12; 2Ch 20:13; Ne 10:28; Joe 2:16-18; Ac 21:5

very sore. Heb. a great weeping.

Jud 2:4,5; Ne 8:9

Shechaniah.

26; Ne 3:29

Elam.

2:7,31; Ne 7:12,34

We have trespassed.Shechaniah here speaks in the name of the people, not acknowledging himself culpable; for he is not in the following list.

Compare.

Jas 2:9; Ex 34:12; Ne 13:27

yet now there is hope.

Ex 34:6,7; Isa 55:6,7; Jer 3:12,13; 1Jo 1:7-9

let us make.{Nichrath berith,} "let us cut a covenant:"

De 29:12; Jos 9:6; 2Ki 11:17; 2Ch 29:10; 34:31,32; Ne 9:38

Ne 10:29-39

put away. Heb. bring forth. according to the counsel.

2Ch 30:12

of those that.

9:4; 2Ch 34:21,27; Ps 119:59,120; Isa 66:2; Eze 9:4

at the commandment.

De 7:2,3; Jos 23:12,13

let it.

Ne 8:14; 13:1-3; Isa 8:20Shechaniah's counsel, which he was then so clear in, will not hold now: such marriages, it is certain, are contrary to the will of God, and ought not to be made; but they are not null. Our rule under the gospel is {Quod fieri non debuit, factum valet,} "That which ought not to have been done must, when done, abide." See

1Co 7:12,13

Arise.

Jos 7:10-26; 1Ch 22:16,19; Ec 9:10

for this matter.By the decree of Artaxerxes, Ezra was authorised to do every thing that the law of God required.

7:23-28; Mr 13:34

we also will.

Jos 1:16-18; 1Ch 28:10,21

be of good.

Isa 35:3,4; Heb 10:24; 12:12,13

arose.

Pr 1:5; 9:9; 15:23; 25:11,12; 27:9

made.

3; Ne 5:12; 10:29; 13:25; Mt 26:63

the chamber.

Ne 13:5

Johanan.

Ne 3:1,20; 12:10,22; 13:28

he did eat.

De 9:18; Job 23:12; Joh 4:31-34

he mourned.

9:4; Isa 22:12; Da 9:3

they made.

1:1; 2Ch 30:5

And that whosoever.

7:26; Jud 21:5; 1Sa 11:7

forfeited. Heb. devoted.

Le 27:28; Jos 6:19

himself separated.

Ne 13:3; Mt 18:17; Joh 9:22,34; 16:2; 1Co 5:13

the ninth month.That is, some time in December, which is the coldest and most rainy time of the year in Palestine. Dr. Russel, in his account of the weather at Aleppo, which very much resembles that in Judea, says, that the natives reckon the severity of the winter, which they call {marbania,} to last but forty days, beginning from the 12th of December, and ending the 20th of January, and that this computation comes in fact very near the truth: and that the air during this time is excessively piercing, even to those that are just come from a cold climate.

7:8,9; Es 2:16

trembling.

1Sa 12:17,18; Jer 10:10,13

great rain. Heb. showers.

taken. Heb. caused to dwell. or, brought back. toincrease.

9:6; Nu 32:14; Jos 22:17,18; 2Ch 28:13; Mt 23:32

make confession.

Le 26:40-42; Jos 7:19; Ps 32:5; Pr 28:13; Jer 3:13; 1Jo 1:7-9

do his.

Isa 1:16-18; 56:4; Ro 12:2; Col 1:10; Heb 13:21

separate.

9:1; Ne 13:3; 2Co 6:17

and from the.

De 7:3,4; 1Co 2:12-14

As thou hast said.They all resolved to do what Ezra had commanded; and they did put away their wives, even those by whom they had children, (ver. 44,) each of whom doubtless received a portion according to the circumstances of her husband, and was not turned away desolate. Humanity must have dictated this, and no law of God is contrary to humanity.

so must we do.

3,4; Ne 13:23; Ps 78:37,57

the people.

18-44; Mt 7:13,14

we are many that have transgressed in this thing. or, wehave greatly offended in this thing.

our rulers.

De 17:9,18,19; 2Ch 19:5-7

the fierce.

Nu 25:4; De 13:17; Jos 7:26; 2Ch 29:10; 30:8; Ps 78:38; Isa 12:1

for this matter be turned from us. or, be turned from us,till this matter be dispatched.

were employed. Heb. stood. Meshullam.

Ne 3:6; 10:20; 12:33

Shabbethai.

Ne 11:16

to examine the matter.

De 13:14; Job 29:16; Joh 7:51

A.M. 3548. B.C. 456. the first day.The cases brought before the council were either so many, or so complicated, that, though they separated themselves from other employments, yet they were three whole months in examining into their affairs, and making the necessary separations required by the law.

the sons.

9:1; Le 21:7,13-15; 1Sa 2:22-24; Ne 13:28; Jer 23:11,14; Eze 44:22

Mal 2:8,9; 1Ti 3:11

Jeshua.

2:2; 3:2; 5:2; 1Ch 6:14,15; Ne 12:10; Hag 1:1; Zec 3:1

Joshua. Maaseiah.

Ne 8:4,7

gave their hands.They bound themselves in the most solemn manner to do as the rest of the delinquents had done, and make and acknowledgment to God of their iniquity, by offering each a ram for a trespass offering.

2Ki 10:15; 1Ch 29:24; 2Ch 30:8; *marg:

La 5:6; Ga 2:9

a ram.

Le 5:15,16; 6:4,6

Immer.

2:37; 1Ch 24:14; Ne 7:40

Harim.

2:39; 1Ch 24:8; Ne 7:42

Pashur.

2:38; 1Ch 9:12; Ne 7:41

Jozabad.

8:33; Ne 11:16

Kelita.

Ne 10:10

Moreover of Israel.That is, as Calmet observes, simple Israelites; thus distinguished from the priests, Levites, and singers, mentioned in ver. 18, 23, 24.

sons of Parosh.

2:3; Ne 7:8

Elam.

2; 2:7,31; 8:7; Ne 7:12,34

Jehiel.

Zattu.

2:8; Ne 7:13

Bebai.

2:11; 8:11; Ne 7:16

Bani.

2:10; Ne 7:15

Binnui. Malluch.

Ne 10:4

Pahath-moab.

2:6; 8:4; Ne 7:11

Harim.

2:32; Ne 7:35

Malchiah.This variation only exists in the translation, the original being uniformly Malchijah, or rather, Malkeeyah.

Ne 3:11

Malchijah.

Hashum.

2:19; Ne 7:22

Bani.

Machnadebai. or, Mabnadebai, according to some copies.

Nebo.

2:29; Ne 7:33

strange wives.

Pr 2:16; 5:3,20

and some of them.This observation was probably intended to shew that only a few of them had children, and also how rigorously the law was put in execution. According to a passage in Justin Martyr's Dialogue with Trypho, a Jew, Ezra offered a paschal lamb on this occasion, and addressed the people thus: "And Ezra said to the people, This pass-over is our Saviour and our Refuge; and if ye will be persuaded of it, and let it enter into your hearts, that we are to humble to Him in a sign, and afterwards shall believe in Him, this place shall not be destroyed for ever, saith the Lord of hosts; but, if ye will not believe in Him, nor hearken to his preaching, ye shall be a laughing-stock to the Gentiles." This was probably a marginal note added by some early Christian. CONCLUDING REMARKS ON THE BOOK OF EZRA. This book details the events of a very interesting period of the Sacred History, when, according to the decree of Providence, the Jewish people were to be delivered from their captivity, at the expiration of seventy years, and restored to the land of their fathers. This book informs us how the Divine goodness accomplished this most gracious design, and the movers and agents He employed on the occasion. Ezra was undoubtedly the chief agent under God in effecting this arduous work; and his zeal, piety, knowledge, and discretion, appear here in a most conspicuous point of view, and claim our utmost admiration. Descended from Seraiah, in a direct line from Aaron, he seems to have united all the requisites of a profound statesmen with the functions of the sacerdotal character. He appears to have made the Sacred Scriptures, during the captivity, his peculiar study; and, perhaps assisted by Nehemiah and the great synagogue, he corrected the errors which had crept into the Sacred Writings, through the negligence or mistake of transcribers; he collected all the books of which the Sacred Scriptures then consisted, disposed them in their proper order, and settled the canon of Scriptures for his time; he occasionally added, under the dictation of the Holy Spirit, whatever appeared necessary for the purpose of illustrating, completing, or connecting them; he substituted the modern for the ancient names of some places, which had now become obsolete; and transcribed the whole of the Scriptures into the Chaldee character. He is said to have lived to the age of 120 years, and, according to Josephus, was buried in Jerusalem; but the Jews believe he died in Persia, in a second journey to Artaxerxes, where his tomb is shown in the city of Zamusa. Though not styled a prophet, he wrote under the Divine Spirit; and the canonical authority of his book has never been disputed. It is written with all the spirit and fidelity that could be displayed by a writer of contemporary times; and those parts which chiefly consist of letters, decrees, etc., are written in Chaldee, because it seemed more suitable to the fidelity of a sacred historian to give these official documents, as they may be termed, in the original language, especially as the people, recently returned from the captivity, were familiar, and perhaps more conversant with the Chaldee, than with the Hebrew.