Isa 45:1-5, Jer 50-51, Dan 5:30, 7:5, 11:2 | TSK | STEP | God calls Cyrus for his church's sake. By his omnipotency he challenges obedience. He convinces the idols of vanity by his saving power. to his. whose. holden. or, strengthened. to subdue. to open.All the streets of Babylon, leading on each side to the river, were secured by two leaved brazen gates, and these were providentially left open when Cyrus's forces entered the city in the night, through the channel of the river, in the general disorder occasioned by the great feast which was then celebrated; otherwise, says Herodotus, the Persians would have been shut up in the bed of the river, as in a net, and all destroyed. The gates of the palace were also imprudently opened to ascertain the occasion of the tumult; when the two parties under Gobrias and Gadatas rushed in, got possession of the palace, and slew the king.

Isaiah 45:1-5

1 God calls Cyrus for his church's sake.

5 By his omnipotency he challenges obedience.

20 He convinces the idols of vanity by his saving power.

to his.

13:3; 44:28; 1Ki 19:15; Jer 27:6

whose.

41:13; 42:6; Ps 73:23

holden. or, strengthened.

Eze 30:21-24

to subdue.

41:2,25; Ezr 1:1; Jer 50:3,35; 51:11,20-24; Da 5:6,28-30; 7:5; 8:3

to open.All the streets of Babylon, leading on each side to the river, were secured by two leaved brazen gates, and these were providentially left open when Cyrus's forces entered the city in the night, through the channel of the river, in the general disorder occasioned by the great feast which was then celebrated; otherwise, says Herodotus, the Persians would have been shut up in the bed of the river, as in a net, and all destroyed. The gates of the palace were also imprudently opened to ascertain the occasion of the tumult; when the two parties under Gobrias and Gadatas rushed in, got possession of the palace, and slew the king.

Na 2:6

go before.

13:4-17

make.

40:4; 42:16; Ac 1:15; Lu 3:5

break.

Ps 107:16

I will give.

Jer 27:5-7; 50:37; 51:53; Eze 29:19,20

that thou.

41:23; Ezr 1:2

which call.

43:1; 48:15; 49:1; Ex 33:12,17

Jacob.

41:8,9; 43:3,4,14; 44:1; Ex 19:5,6; Jer 50:17-20; Mt 24:22

Mr 13:20; Ro 9:6; 11:7

I have even.

1; 44:28

though.

Ac 17:23; Ga 4:8,9; Eph 2:12; 1Th 4:5

the Lord.

14-18,21,22; 44:8; 46:9; De 4:35,39; 32:39; 1Ki 8:60; Joe 2:27

Joh 1:1; Heb 1:8,9

I girded thee.

22:21; Ezr 1:2; Job 12:18,21; Ps 18:32,39

Jeremiah 50

1 The judgment of Babylon and the redemption of Israel.

A.M. 3409. B.C. 595. against Babylon.

25:26,27; 27:7; 51:1-14; Ps 137:8,9; Isa 13:1-3; 14:4; 21:1-10

Isa 47:1-15; Hab 2:5-20; Re 18:1-24

the land.

Ge 11:31; Job 1:17; Isa 23:13; Ac 7:4

Jeremiah. Heb. the hand of Jeremiah

2Sa 23:2; 2Pe 1:21

Declare.

6:18; 31:10; 46:14; Ps 64:9; 96:3; Isa 12:4; 48:6; 66:18,19

Re 14:6-8

set up. Heb. lift up.

Isa 13:2

Babylon.

51:8; Isa 21:9; Re 14:8; 18:2

Bel.

51:44; Isa 46:1

Merodach.

52:31; Isa 39:1

her idols.

46; 43:12,13; Isa 37:19; Zep 2:11Xerxes, after his return from his unsuccessful expedition into Greece, partly out of religious zeal, being a professed enemy to image worship, and partly to reimburse himself after his immense expenses, seized the sacred treasures, and plundered or destroyed the temples and idols of Babylon, thereby accomplishing the prophecies of Isaiah and Jeremiah. (Isa 21:9; 46:1. Jer 50:2; 51:44, 47, 52.) What God declares, "I will punish Bel in Babylon, and I will bring forth that which he has swallowed," was also literally fulfilled, when the vessels of the house of God, which Nebuchadnezzar had brought from Jerusalem and placed in the temple of Bel, Da 1:2, were restored by order of Cyrus, Ezr 1:7, and again carried to Jerusalem. Bp. Newton, Dis. X.

out of the.The Medes, who formed the greatest part of the army of Cyrus. Media lay N.E. of Babylon.

9,41; 51:11,27,48; Isa 13:5,17,18,20

which.

12,13,35-40; 51:8,9,25,26,37-44,62; Isa 13:6-10,19-22; 14:22-24

Re 18:21-23

both.

7:20; 21:6; Ge 6:7; Ex 12:12; Zep 1:3

those.

20; 3:16-18; 33:15; 51:47,48; Isa 63:4

the children of Israel.

19,20,33,34; 3:18; 33:6-8; 30:10,11; 31:6,7,31; 33:7; Isa 11:12,13

Isa 14:1; Eze 37:16-22; 39:25; Ho 1:11

going.

31:9,10; Ezr 3:12,13; Ps 126:4-6; Joe 2:12; Zec 12:10; Jas 4:9

seek the.

29:12-14; Ps 105:4; Isa 45:19; 55:6; Ho 3:5; Zec 8:21-23

ask.

6:16; Ps 25:8,9; 84:7; Isa 35:8; Joh 7:17

Come.

31:31-36; Isa 2:3-5; Mic 4:1,2; Ac 11:23; 2Co 8:5

in a.

32:40; Ge 17:7; 2Sa 23:5; Isa 55:3; 56:6,7

that shall.

32:40; 1Ki 19:10,14; Heb 8:6-10

people.

17; Ps 119:176; Isa 53:6; Mt 9:36; 10:6; 15:24; 18:11-13; Lu 15:4-7

1Pe 2:25

their shepherds.

10:21; 23:11-15; Isa 56:10-12; Eze 34:4-12; Zec 11:4-9

on the.

2:20; 3:6,23; Eze 34:6

have forgotten.

2:32; Ps 32:7; 90:1; 91:1; 116:7; Isa 30:15; 32:2

resting place. Heb. place to lie down in.

Ps 23:2; So 1:7,8; Eze 34:14,25-28

have devoured.

17,33; 12:7-11; Ps 79:7; Isa 9:12; 56:9

We offend.

2:3; 40:2,3; Isa 47:6; Da 9:6,16; Zec 1:15; 11:5

the habitation.

31:23; Ps 90:1; 91:1

the hope.

14:8; Ps 22:4,5; 1Ti 1:1

out of the midst.

51:6,45; Nu 16:26; Isa 48:20; 52:1; Zec 2:6,7; 2Co 6:17; Re 18:4

he goats.

Pr 30:31

I will raise.

3,21,26,41,42; 15:14; 51:1-4,11,27,28; Ezr 1:1,2; Isa 13:2-5,17

Isa 21:2; 41:25; 45:1-4

an assembly.The army of Cyrus was composed of Medes, Persians, Armenians, Caducians, Sacæ, etc.; all of which, arranged under the Medes, came from the north.

they shall.

14,29

expert man. or, destroyer. none.

2Sa 1:22; Isa 13:18

Chaldea.

25:12; 27:7

all that.

Isa 33:4,23; 45:3; Re 17:16

ye were.

Pr 17:5; La 1:21; 2:15,16; 4:21,22; Eze 25:3-8,15-17; 26:2,3; Ob 1:12

ye destroyers.

17; 51:34,35; Ps 74:2-8; 79:1-4; 83:1-5; Isa 10:6,7; 47:6

Zec 2:8,9; 14:1-3,12

ye are.

27; 46:21; De 32:15; Ps 22:12; Ho 10:11; Am 4:1

fat. Heb. big. or, corpulent.

5:28

bellow as bulls. or, neigh as steeds.

5:8

mother.

49:2; Ga 4:26; Re 17:5

the hindermost.

25:26; Isa 23:13

a wilderness.

35-40; 25:12; 51:25,26,43,62-64; Isa 13:20-22; 14:22; Re 18:21-23

Because.

Zec 1:15

every.

18:16; 19:8; 25:12; 49:17; 51:37; Job 27:23; Isa 14:4-17; La 2:15,16

Hab 2:6-18; Zep 2:15

in array.

9; 51:2,11,12,27; 1Sa 17:20; 2Sa 10:9; Isa 13:4,17,18

bend.

29,42; 46:9; 49:35; Isa 5:28

for she.

7,11,29; Ps 51:4; Hab 2:8,17; Re 17:5

Shout.

51:14; Jos 6:5,20; Eze 21:22

she hath.

her foundations.

for it.

14,28; 46:10; 51:6,11,36; De 32:35,41,43; Ps 94:1; 149:7; Isa 59:17

Isa 61:2; 63:4; Na 1:2; Lu 21:22; Ro 3:5; 12:19; 2Th 1:8

as she.

29; Jud 1:6,7; 1Sa 15:33; Ps 137:8,9; Mt 7:2; Jas 2:13; Re 16:6

Re 18:6; 19:2

the sower.

51:23; Joe 1:11; Am 5:16

sickle. or, scythe. they shall turn every one.

46:16; 51:9; Isa 13:14

a scattered.

6; 23:1,2; Eze 34:5,6,12; Joe 3:2; Mt 9:36-38; Lu 15:4-6

Joh 10:10-12; 1Pe 2:25

the lions.

2:15; 5:6; 49:19; 51:38

first.

2Ki 15:29; 17:6-23; 18:9-13; 2Ch 28:20; 32:1-23; 33:11; Isa 7:17-20

Isa 8:7,8; 10:5-7; 36:1-37:38

this.

39:1-8; 51:34,35; 52:1; 2Ki 24:1-25:30; 2Ch 36:1-23; Isa 47:6

Da 6:24

as I.

Isa 37:36-38; Eze 31:3-17; Na 1:1-3:19; Zep 2:13-15

bring.

4,5; 3:18; 23:3; 24:6,7; 30:10,18; 31:8-10; 32:37; 33:7-12; Isa 65:9

Isa 65:10; Eze 11:17; 34:13,14; 36:24,33; 37:21,22; 38:8; 39:25-29

Am 9:14,15; Ob 1:17-21

he shall.

Isa 33:9; 35:2; Mic 7:14,18

his soul.

31:14,25

mount.

31:6; Jos 17:15

Gilead.

Nu 32:1; So 6:5; Ob 1:19

In those.

4; 33:15

the iniquity.

31:34; Nu 23:21; Isa 11:1,2; 43:25; 44:22; Mic 7:19; Ac 3:19,26

Ro 8:33,34; Heb 8:10-12; 10:17,18

and there.

Ps 103:12; Ro 5:16; 2Pe 3:15

I will pardon.

44:14; Isa 1:9; Mic 7:19; Ro 6:13; 11:6,26,27

up.

3,9,15

Merathaim. or, the rebels. Pekod. or, visitation.

Eze 23:23

and do.

34:22; 48:10; Nu 31:14-18; 1Sa 15:3,11-24; 2Sa 16:11; 2Ki 18:25

2Ch 36:23; Isa 10:6; 44:28; 48:14

4:19-21; 51:54-56; Isa 21:2-4

51:20-24; Isa 14:4-6,12-17; Re 18:16

snare.

Ec 9:12

and thou wast.

51:8,31-39,57; Isa 21:3-5; Da 5:30,31; Re 18:7,8

because.

Ex 10:3; Job 9:4; 40:2,9; Isa 13:11; 45:9; 2Th 2:4

opened.

35-38; 51:11,20; Ps 45:3,5; Isa 13:2-5,17,18; 21:7-9

this.

15; 51:12,25,55; Isa 14:22-24; 46:10,11; 48:14,15; Am 3:6; Re 18:8

against.

41; 51:27,28; Isa 5:26

the utmost. Heb. the end. open.

10; 51:44; Isa 45:3

cast her up. or, tread her.

Isa 10:6; 25:10; 63:3,4; Mic 7:10; Re 14:19; 19:15

destroy.

13,15,23; 51:25,26,64; Isa 14:23; Re 18:21-24

bullocks.

11; 46:21; Ps 22:12; Isa 34:7; Eze 39:17-20; Re 19:17

their day.

31; 27:7; 48:44; Ps 37:13; La 1:21; Eze 7:5-7; Re 16:17-19; 18:10

voice.

51:50,51; Isa 48:20

to declare.

15; 51:10,11; Ps 149:6-9; Da 5:3-5,23; Zec 12:2,3

vengeance of his.

La 1:10; 2:6,7

the archers.

9,14,26

recompense.

15; 51:56; Ps 137:8,9; Re 16:6; 18:6

for she hath.

24,32; Ex 10:3; Isa 14:13,14; 37:23; 47:10; Da 4:37; 5:23; 11:36

2Th 2:4; Re 13:5,6

Therefore.Gobrias and Gadates, when they entered Babylon, marched directly to the palace, killing all they met.

her young.

9:21; 18:21; 48:15; 49:26; 51:3,4; Isa 13:15-18

all her.

36; 51:56,57; Re 6:15; 19:18

I am.

21:13; 51:25; Eze 5:8; 29:3,9,10; 38:3; 39:1; Na 2:13; 3:5

O thou.

29,32; 48:29; 49:16; Job 40:11,12; Da 4:30,31; Hab 2:4,5; Jas 4:6

1Pe 5:5

most proud. Heb. pride. for.

the most proud. Heb. pride.

Pr 16:18; 18:12; Isa 10:12-15; 14:13-15; Eze 28:2-9; Da 5:20,23-30

none.

51:26,64; Re 18:8

kindle.

21:14; 49:27; De 32:22; Am 1:4,7,10,12,14; 2:2,5

and all.

7,17,18; 51:34-36; Isa 14:17; 47:6; 49:24-26; 51:23; 52:4-6

Zec 1:15,16

they refused.

34:15-18; Ex 5:2; 8:2; 9:2,3,17,18; Isa 14:17; 58:6

Redeemer.

Ex 6:6; Pr 23:11; Isa 41:14; 43:14; 44:6,23,24; 47:4; 54:5; Mic 4:10

Re 18:8

plead.

51:36; Ps 35:1; 43:1; Pr 22:23; Isa 51:22; Mic 7:9

that he.

Isa 14:3-7; 2Th 1:6,7; Re 19:1-3

sword.

47:6; Le 26:25; Isa 66:16; Eze 14:2; Ho 11:6; Zec 11:17

upon her princes.

27,30; 51:39,57; Isa 41:25; Da 5:1,2,30

her wise men.

8:9; 10:7; Isa 19:11-13; 29:14; 44:25; 47:13,14; Da 5:7,8

upon the liars. or, upon the chief stays. Heb. bars.

48:30; Isa 43:14; *marg:

Isa 44:25; 2Th 2:9-11; 1Ti 4:2; Re 19:20; 21:8; 22:15

dote.

2Sa 15:31; 17:14; 2Ch 25:16; Isa 47:10-15; 1Ti 6:4

her mighty.

30; 49:22; 51:23,30,32; Na 2:8; 3:7,13,17,18

their horses.

51:21; Ps 20:7,8; 46:9; 76:6; Eze 39:20; Na 2:2-4,13; Hag 2:22

all the.

25:20,24; Eze 30:5

as women.

48:41; 51:30; Isa 19:16; Na 3:13

her treasures.

26; Isa 45:3

A drought.

12; 51:32-36; Isa 44:27; Re 16:12; 17:15,16

the land.

2; 51:44,47,52; Isa 46:1-7; Da 3:1-30; 5:4; Hab 2:18,19; Re 17:5

mad.

51:7; Isa 44:25; Ac 17:16

12,13; 25:12; 51:26,37,38,43,62-64; Isa 13:20-22; 14:23; 34:11-17

Re 18:2,21-24

49:18; 51:26; Ge 19:24,25; De 29:23; Isa 1:9; 13:19,20; Ho 11:8,9

Am 4:11; Zep 2:9; Lu 17:28-30; 2Pe 2:6; Jude 1:7; Re 11:8; 18:8,9

2,3,9; 6:22,23; 25:14; 51:1,2,11,27,28; Isa 13:2-5,17,18; Re 17:16

hold.

6:22,23

they are cruel.

Ps 74:20; 137:8,9; Isa 13:17,18; 14:6; 47:6; Hab 1:6-8; Jas 2:13

Re 16:6

their voice.

Ps 46:2,3,6; Isa 5:30

shall ride.

8:16; 47:3; Isa 5:28; Hab 1:8; Re 19:14-18

king.

51:31; Isa 13:6-8; 21:3,4; Da 5:5,6

pangs.

49:22,24

like a lion.

25:38; 49:19-21

who is a.

Job 41:10,11; Isa 41:25; 46:11

for who.

Ex 15:11; Ps 89:6,8; Isa 40:18,25; 43:10

appoint me the time. or, convent me to plead. who is that.

49:19; Job 41:10

hear.

51:10,11; Ps 33:10,11; Isa 14:24-27; 46:10,11; Ac 4:28; Eph 1:11

Re 17:16,17

the least.

37:10; 49:20

surely he.We have already adverted to the completion of the prophecies respecting the final destruction of Babylon, (on Isa 13:18,) and shall only add a few more observations, in order to shew more clearly the full accomplishment of some of these predictions. Strabo says that in his time (about the Christian era) a great part of it was a desert. Jerome says that in his time (cir. A.D. 340) it was quite in ruins, the walls merely serving for an inclosure for wild beasts, for the hunting of the kings of Parthia: and modern travellers universally concur in describing it in a state of utter desolation, and the habitation of wild beasts and noxious reptiles.

49:21; Isa 14:9,10; Eze 26:18; 31:16; 32:10; Re 18:9-19

Jeremiah 51

1 The severe judgment of God against Babylon, in revenge of Israel.

59 Jeremiah delivers the book of this prophecy to Seraiah, to be cast into Euphrates, in token of the perpetual sinking of Babylon.

I will.

50:9,14-16,21; Isa 13:3-5; Am 3:6

midst. Heb. heart. rise.

50:24,29,33; Zec 2:8; Ac 9:4

a destroying wind.

4:11,12; 49:36; 2Ki 19:7; Eze 19:12; Ho 13:15

fanners.

15:7; Isa 41:16; Eze 5:12; Mt 3:12

in the day.

27,28; 50:14,15,29,32

let the.

50:14,41,42

brigandine.

46:4

spare.

9:21; 50:27,30; De 32:25; Ps 137:9; Isa 13:10-18; Jas 2:13

destroy.

50:21

thrust.

49:26; 50:30,37; Isa 13:15; 14:19

Israel.

33:24-26; 46:28; 50:4,5,20; 1Sa 12:22; 1Ki 6:13; Ezr 9:9; Ps 94:14

Isa 44:21; 49:14,15; 54:3-11; 62:12; Ho 1:10; Am 9:8,9; Ro 11:1,2

nor.

Zec 2:12; 12:6,8

though.

16:18; 19:4; 23:15; 31:37; 2Ki 21:16; Eze 8:17; 9:9; 22:24-31; Ho 4:1

Mic 7:18,20; Zep 3:1-4

Flee.

9,45,50; 50:8,28; Isa 48:20; Zec 2:6,7; Re 18:4

be not.

Ge 19:15-17; Nu 16:26; Pr 13:20; 1Ti 5:22

for this.

11; 27:7; 46:10; 50:8,15,28,31; De 32:25,41,43; Re 16:19; 18:5,6

he will render.

25:14,16

a golden.

Isa 14:4; Da 2:32,38; Re 17:4

the nations.

25:9,14-27; Da 3:1-7; Hab 2:15,16; Re 14:8; 17:2; 18:3,23; 19:2

are mad.

25:16; 50:38

suddenly.

41; 50:2; Isa 21:9; 47:9; Re 14:8; 18:2,8

howl.

48:20,31; Isa 13:6,7; Eze 27:30-32; 30:2; Da 5:24,31; Re 18:9-11

Re 18:17-19

take balm.

8:22; 30:12-15; 46:11; Na 3:19

forsake.

8:20; 46:16,21; 50:16; Isa 13:14; 47:15; Mt 25:10-13

her judgment.

2Ch 28:9; Ezr 9:6; Da 4:20-22; Re 18:5

brought.

Ps 37:6; Mic 7:9,10

let us.

31:6-9; 50:28; Ps 9:14; 102:19-21; 116:18,19; 126:1-3; Isa 40:2

Isa 51:11; 52:9,10; Re 14:1-3; 19:1-6

Make.

46:4,9; 50:9,14,25,28,29; Isa 21:5

bright. Heb. pure. the Lord hath.

27,28; 1Ki 11:14,23; 1Ch 5:26; 2Ch 36:22; Ezr 1:1; Isa 10:26; 13:17

Isa 13:18; 21:2; 41:25; 45:1,5; 46:11; Re 17:16,17

the spirit.Of Cyaxares king of Media, called "Darius the Mede" in scripture; and of Cyrus his nephew, king of persia, presumptive heir of the throne of his uncle.

his device.

12,29; 50:45

the vengeance.

24,35; 50:15,28; Ps 74:3-11; 83:3-9; Hab 2:17-20; Zec 12:2,3

Zec 14:2,12

the standard.

46:3-5; Pr 21:30; Isa 8:9,10; 13:2; Joe 3:2,9-14; Na 2:1; 3:14,15

ambushes. Heb. liers in wait.

Jos 8:14

the Lord hath both.

11,29; La 2:17

dwellest.

36; Re 17:1,15

abundant.

50:37; Isa 45:3; Hab 2:5-10; Re 18:11-17

thine.

17:11; 50:27,31; Ge 6:13; La 4:18; Eze 7:2-12; Da 5:26; Am 8:2

1Pe 4:7

and the.

Hab 2:9-11; Lu 12:19-21; 2Pe 2:3,14,15; Jude 1:11-13; Re 18:19

sworn.

49:13; Am 6:8; Heb 6:13

himself. Heb. his soul. as with.

46:23; Jud 6:5; Joe 1:4-7; 2:3,4,25; Na 3:15-17

lift up. Heb. utter.

50:15

hath made.

10:12-16; 32:17; Ge 1:1-6; Ps 107:25; 146:5,6; 148:1-5; Isa 40:26

Ac 14:15; 17:24; Ro 1:20; Col 1:16,17; Heb 1:2,3; Re 4:11

by his wisdom.

Ps 104:24; 136:5; Pr 3:19; Ro 11:33

and hath.

Job 9:8; Ps 104:2; Isa 40:22; 42:5; 44:24; 45:12; 48:13; 51:13

he uttereth.

10:12,13; Job 37:2-11; 40:9; Ps 18:13; 29:3-10; 46:6; 68:33; 104:7

Eze 10:5

there is.

Job 36:26-33; 37:13; 38:34-38; Ps 135:7; Am 9:7

multitude. or, noise. and he causeth.

Ps 135:7

bringeth.

Ge 8:1; Ex 10:13,19; 14:21; Job 38:22; Ps 78:26; 135:7; 147:18

Jon 1:4; 4:8; Mt 8:26,27

Every.

10:14; Ps 14:2; 53:1,2; 92:5,6; 115:5,8; 135:18; Isa 44:18-20

Ro 1:20-23; 1Co 1:19-21

brutish by his knowledge. or, more brutish than to know.for his.

10:14; 50:2; Ps 135:17; Hab 2:18,19

vanity.

10:8,15; Jon 2:8; Ac 14:15

in the.

43:12,13; 46:25; 48:7; 50:2; Ex 12:12; Isa 19:1; 46:1; Zep 2:11

portion.

10:16; Ps 16:5; 73:26; 115:3; La 3:24

the former.

the rod.

12:7-10; 50:11; Ex 19:5,6; De 32:9; Ps 33:12; 74:2; 135:4; 1Pe 2:9

the Lord.

10:16; Isa 47:4

art.

50:23; Isa 10:5,15; 13:5; 14:5,6; 37:26; 41:15,16; Mic 4:13

Zec 9:13,14; Mt 22:7

with thee. or, in thee, or, by thee. break.

25:9,11; 27:5-7

50:37; Ex 15:1,21; Ps 46:9; 76:6; Eze 39:20; Mic 5:10; Na 2:13

Hag 2:22; Zec 10:5; 12:4; Re 19:18

6:11; De 32:25; 1Sa 15:3; 2Ch 36:17; Isa 20:4; La 2:11; Eze 9:6

11,35,49; 50:15,17,18,28,29,33,34; Ps 137:8,9; Isa 47:6-9

Isa 51:22,23; 61:2; 63:1-4; 66:6; 1Th 2:15,16; Re 6:10; 18:20,24

Re 19:2-4

I am.

50:31

O destroying.

53,58; Ge 11:4; Isa 13:2; Da 4:30; Zec 4:7

which destroyest.

7,20-23; 25:9,18-27; Re 8:8; 17:1-6

and will.

2Pe 3:10; Re 8:8; 18:9,10

shall not.

37,43; 50:12,13; Isa 13:19-22; 14:23

desolate for ever. Heb. everlasting desolations.

50:40,41; Isa 34:8-17; Re 18:20-24

ye up.

12; 6:1; 50:2,41; Isa 13:2-5; 18:3; Am 3:6; Zec 14:2

prepare.

25:14

Ararat.Bochart reasonably concludes Ararat and Minni to be the greater and lesser Armenia; and Ashchenaz he thinks formed part of Phrygia near the Hellespont, part of that country being called Ascania by Homer. Cyrus had conquered Armenia, defeated Croesus king of Lydia, (B.C. 548,) and subdued several nations from the Egean sea to the Euphrates, before he marched against Babylon; and Xenophon also informs us that there were not only Armenians, but both Phrygians and Cappadocians in the army of Cyrus.

Ge 8:4

Ashchenaz.

Ge 10:3

Ashkenaz.

1Ch 1:6

cause.

14; 46:23; 50:41,42; Jud 6:5; Joe 2:2,3; Na 3:15-17; Re 9:7-11After Cyrus had been the instrument in the hands of God of taking Babylon, he marched against Tomyris, queen of the Massagetæ, a Scythian nation, and was totally defeated, (B.C. 530.) The victorious queen, who had lost her son in a previous battle, was so incensed against Cyrus, that she cut off his head, and threw it into a vessel filled with human blood, exclaiming, "Sattia te sanguine, quem sitisti."

the kings.

11; 25:25; Ge 10:2; 1Ch 1:5

Madia.

Es 1:3; 10:2; Isa 13:17; 21:2; Da 5:28-30; 6:8; 8:3,4,20; 9:1

the land.

8:16; 10:10; 50:36,43; Isa 13:13,14; 14:16; Joe 2:10; Am 8:8

every.

11,12,43,62-64; 50:13,39,40,45; Isa 13:19,20; 14:23,24; 46:10,11

Isa 47:1-15; Re 18:2,21-24

The mighty.Accordingly, the Babylonians, after the loss of a battle or two, never recovered their courage to the face the enemy in the field, they retired within their walls; and the first time that Cyrus came with his army before the place he could not provoke them to venture forth, though he challenged the king to fight a duel with him; and the last time he came he consulted with his officers respecting the best mode of carrying on the siege "since," said he, "they do not come out to fight."

32,57; 48:41; 50:36,37; Ps 76:5; Isa 13:7,8; 19:16; Na 3:13

Re 18:10

her bars.

50:36; *marg:

Ps 107:16; 147:13; Isa 45:1,2; La 2:9; Am 1:5; Na 3:13

post.

4:20; 50:24; 1Sa 4:12-18; 2Sa 18:19-31; 2Ch 30:6; Es 3:13-15

Es 8:10,14; Job 9:25

to shew.

50:43; Isa 21:3-9; 47:11-13; Da 5:2-5,30

the passages.

50:38; Isa 44:27

the men.

30; 50:37

is like.

Isa 21:10; 41:15,16; Am 1:3; Mic 4:13; Hab 3:12

it is time to thresh her. or, in the time that he threshethher. the time.

Isa 17:5-11; 18:5; Ho 6:11; Joe 3:13; Mt 13:30,39; Re 14:15-20

the king.

49; 39:1-8; 50:7,17; La 1:1,14,15

he hath made.

48:11,12; Isa 24:1-3; 34:11; Na 2:2,9,10

swallowed.

44; Job 20:15; Pr 1:12; La 2:16; Eze 36:3; Am 8:4; Mt 23:14

The violence. Heb. My violence.

50:29; Jud 9:20,24,56,57; Ps 9:12; 12:5; 137:8,9; Isa 26:20,21

Zec 1:15; Mt 7:2; Jas 2:13; Re 6:10; 16:6; 18:6,20

flesh. or, remainder. inhabitant. Heb. inhabitress.

I will plead. See on ch.

50:33,34; Ps 140:12; Pr 22:23; 23:11; Isa 43:14; 47:6-9; 49:25,26

Mic 7:8-10; Hab 2:8-17

take.

De 32:35,43; Ps 94:1-3; Ro 12:19; Heb 10:30,31; Re 19:1-3

and I will.

50:38; Ps 107:33; Isa 44:27; Re 16:12

become.

25,26,29; 25:9,12,18; 50:12,13,23-26,38-40; Isa 13:19-22; 14:23

Isa 34:8-17; Re 18:2,21-23

an hissing.

18:16; 19:8; 29:18; 2Ch 29:8; La 2:15,16; Mic 6:16; Zep 2:15

roar.

2:15; Job 4:10,11; Ps 34:10; 58:6; Isa 35:9; Na 2:11-13; Zec 11:3

yell. or, shake themselves.

Jud 16:20

their heat.

25:27; Isa 21:4,5; 22:12-14; Da 5:1-4,30; Na 1:10; 3:11

and sleep.

57; Ps 13:3; 76:5,6

50:27; Ps 37:20; 44:22; Isa 34:6; Eze 39:18

Sheshach.Sheshach was probably an idol worshipped at Babylon, from which the city derived this name; and the festival which was held when the city was taken, when they were heated with wine, was perhaps observed in honour of it.

25:26; Da 5:1-3

the praise.

49:25; 50:23; Isa 13:19; 14:4; Da 2:38; 4:22,30; 5:4,5; Re 18:10-19

an astonishment.

37; 50:46; De 28:37; 2Ch 7:21; Eze 27:35

Ps 18:4,16; 42:7; 65:7; 93:3; Isa 8:7,8; Eze 27:26-34; Da 9:26

Lu 21:25; Re 17:15,16

cities.

29,37; 50:39,40

a land.

2:6; Isa 13:20; Eze 29:10,11

I will punish.

18,47; 50:2; Isa 46:1,2

I will bring.

34; 2Ch 36:7; Ezr 1:7; Da 1:2; 5:2-4,26

the nations.

Isa 2:2; 60:5; Da 3:2,3,29; 4:1,22; 5:19,31; Re 18:9-19

the wall.

53,58

go.

6,9,50; 50:8; Isa 48:20; Zec 2:7; Re 14:8-11; 18:4

deliver.

Ge 19:12-16; Nu 16:26; Ac 2:40; 2Co 6:17

lest. or, let not.

2Ki 19:7; Mt 24:6-8; Mr 13:7,8; Lu 21:9-19,28

a rumour shall.

Isa 13:3-5; 21:2,3

ruler against.

Jud 7:22; 1Sa 14:16-20; 2Ch 20:23; Isa 19:2

I will.

52; 50:2; Isa 21:9; 46:1,2

do judgment upon. Heb. visit upon.

18; 11:22; 13:21; 23:34; 25:12; *margins

her whole.

24,43; 50:12-16,35-40

the heaven.

10; Ps 58:10,11; Pr 11:10; Isa 44:23; 48:20; 49:13; Re 15:1-4

Re 16:4-7; 18:20; 19:1-7

the spoilers.

11; 50:3,9,41

As Babylon, etc. or, Both Babylon is to fall, O ye slain ofIsrael and with Babylon shall fall the slain of all the country. hath.

10,11,24,35; 50:11,17,18,29,33,34; Jud 1:7; Ps 137:8,9; Mt 7:2

Jas 2:13; Re 18:5,6

escaped.

6,45; 31:21; 44:28; 50:8; Isa 48:20; 51:11; 52:2,11,12; Zec 2:7-9

Re 18:4

remember.

29:12-14; De 4:29-31; 30:1-4; Ezr 1:3-5; Ne 1:2-4; 2:3-5

Ps 102:13,14; 137:5,6; Da 9:2,3,16-19

Jerusalem.

Ps 122:6

are confounded.

3:22-25; 31:19; Ps 74:18-21; 79:4,12; 123:3,4; 137:1-3; La 2:15-17

La 5:1; Eze 36:30

shame.

3:25; 14:3; Ps 44:13-16; 69:7-13; 71:13; 109:29; Eze 7:18; Mic 7:10

for strangers.

52:13; Ps 74:3-7; 79:1; La 1:10; 2:20; Eze 7:21,22; 9:7; 24:21

Da 8:11-14; 9:26,27; 11:31; Re 11:1,2

that I.

47; 50:38

her graven images.This was verified when Xerxes destroyed all the temples of Babylon, B.C. 479.

the wounded.

Isa 13:15,16; Eze 30:24; Da 5:30,31

mount.

25,58; 49:16; Ge 11:4; Ps 139:8-10; Isa 14:12-15; 47:5,7

Eze 31:9-11; Da 4:30; Am 9:4; Ob 1:3,4

from.

1-4,11,48; 50:9,10,21,25,31-34,45; Isa 10:6,7; 13:2-5,17

Isa 41:25; 45:1-5

48:3-5; 50:22,27,43,46; Isa 13:6-9; 15:5; Zep 1:10; Re 18:17-19

destroyed.

38,39; 25:10; 50:10-15; Isa 15:1; 24:8-11; 47:5; Re 18:22,23

her waves.

Ps 65:7; 93:3,4; Isa 17:13; Eze 26:3; Lu 21:25; Re 17:15

the spoiler.

48; 50:10; Isa 21:2; Hab 2:8; Re 17:16

her mighty.

30; 50:36

every.

49:35; Ge 49:24; 1Sa 2:4; Ps 37:15; 46:9; 76:3; Eze 39:3,9

the Lord.

6,24; 50:28,29; De 32:35; Ps 94:1,2; 137:8; Isa 34:8; 35:4; 59:18

2Th 1:6; Re 18:5,6,20; 19:2

I will.

39; 25:27; Isa 21:4,5; Da 5:1-4,30,31; Na 1:10; Hab 2:15-17

Re 18:6,7,9

sleep a.

Ps 76:5,6; Isa 37:36

the king.

46:18; 48:15; Mal 1:14

The broad walls of Babylon. or, The walls of broad Babylon.According to the testimony of Herodotus, the circumference of the walls of Babylon was 480 stadia, or 60 miles, their breadth 50 cubits, and their height 200 cubits; but when Darius became master of the place, B.C. 516, he took away all their 100 gates of brass, and beat down their walls to 50 cubits; and now not a vestige of these immense fortifications remains, to mark the site of this once mighty city!

44; 50:15

broken. or, made naked. high gates.

30; Isa 45:1,2

the people.

9,64; Ps 127:1; Isa 65:23; Hab 2:13

Neriah.

32:12; 36:4; 45:1

with. or, on the behalf of. quiet prince. or, prince ofMenucha, or chief chamberlain.

30:2,3; 36:2-4,32; Isa 8:1-4; 30:8; Da 12:4; Hab 2:2,3; Re 1:11,19

and shalt see.

Mt 24:1; Mr 13:1

read.

29:1,2; Col 4:16; 1Th 4:18; 5:27; Re 1:3

to cut.

25,26,29,37; 50:3,13,39,40; Isa 13:19-22; 14:22,23; Re 18:20-23

desolation. Heb. desolations.

25:9,12; Eze 35:9

thou shalt bind.This was the emblem of its overthrow and irretrievable ruin; and the same emblem is employed in Re 18:21, to denote the utter ruin of mystical Babylon.

19:10,11; Re 18:21

Thus shall.

42; 25:27; Na 1:8,9; Re 14:8; 18:2,21

they shall.

58; Hab 2:13; Ps 76:12

Thus far.

Job 31:40; Ps 72:20