Lev 1, Num 25, Num 28-29, Isa 53:4, 10-11, Mat 20:28 | TSK | STEP | The law of burnt offerings; of the herd; of the flocks; of the fowls. called. out of.

Leviticus 1

did look.

40:25; Ge 1:31; Ps 104:31

blessed them.

Ge 14:19; Le 9:22,23; Nu 6:23-27; Jos 22:6; 2Sa 6:18; 1Ki 8:14

1Ch 16:2; 2Ch 6:3; 30:27; Ne 11:2; Ps 19:11

1 The law of burnt offerings;

3 of the herd;

10 of the flocks;

14 of the fowls.

called.

Ex 19:3; 24:1,2,12; 29:42; Joh 1:17

out of.

Ex 25:22; 33:7; 39:32; 40:34,35

If any.

22:18,19; Ge 4:3,5; 1Ch 16:29; Ro 12:1,6; Eph 5:2

an offering.{Korban,} from {karav} to approach, an introductory offering, or offering of access, in allusion to the present which is always required in the East, on being introduced to a superior.

a burnt.

6:9-13; 8:18,21; Ge 8:20; 22:2,8,13; Ex 24:5; 29:18,42; 32:6; 38:1

Nu 23:3,10,11,19,23,24,27,30; 29:8-11,13; Isa 1:11; Heb 10:8-10

a male.

3:1; 4:23; 22:19-24; Ex 12:5; De 15:21; Zec 13:7; Mal 1:14; Lu 1:35

Joh 1:36; Eph 5:27; Heb 7:26; 9:14; 1Pe 1:18,19

his own.

7:16; 22:19,21; Ex 35:5,21,29; 36:3; Ps 40:8; 110:3; 2Co 8:12; 9:7

at the.

16:7; 17:4; Ex 29:4; De 12:5,6,13,14,27; Eze 20:40; Joh 10:7,9

Eph 2:18

put.

3:2,8,13; 4:4,15,24,29; 8:14,22; 16:21; Ex 29:10,15,19; Nu 8:12

Isa 53:4-6; 2Co 5:20,21

be accepted.

22:21,27; Isa 56:7; Ro 12:1; Php 4:18

atonement.

4:20,26,31,35; 5:6; 6:7; 9:7; 16:24; Nu 15:25,28; 25:13

2Ch 29:23,24; Da 9:24; Ro 3:25; 5:11; Heb 10:4; 1Jo 2:2

kill.

11; 3:2,8,13; 16:15; 2Ch 29:22-24; Mic 6:6

the priests.

11,15; 2Ch 35:11; Heb 10:11

sprinkle.

11; 3:2,8,13; Ex 24:6-8; 29:16; Nu 18:17; 2Ch 35:11; Isa 52:15

Eze 36:25; Heb 12:24; 1Pe 1:2

7:8; Ge 3:21

fire.

6:12,13; 9:24; 10:1; 1Ch 21:26; 2Ch 7:1; Mal 1:10

lay.

Ge 22:9; Ne 13:31

8:18-21; 9:13,14; Ex 29:17,18; 1Ki 18:23,33

inwards.

13; 8:21; 9:14; Ps 51:6; Jer 4:14; Mt 23:25-28

burn all.

13,17; 3:11; Ps 66:15; Zec 13:7

a sweet.

Ge 8:21; Eze 20:28,41; 2Co 2:15; Eph 5:2; Php 4:18

of the flocks.

2; Ge 4:4; 8:20; Isa 53:6,7; Joh 1:29

a burnt sacrifice.{Olah,} a burnt offering, from {âlah,} to ascend, because this offering ascended, as it were, to God in flame and smoke, being wholly consumed; for which reason its is called in the Septuagint, [holo kautóma,] a whole burnt offering. This was the most important of all the sacrifices; and no part of it was eaten either by the priest or the offerer, but the whole was offered to God. It has been sufficiently shown by learned men, that almost every nation of the earth, in every age, had their burnt offerings, from the persuasion that there was no other way to appease the incensed gods; and they even offered human sacrifices, because they imagined that life was necessary to redeem life, and that the gods would be satisfied with nothing less.

a male.

3; 4:23; 22:19; Mal 1:14

he shall.

5; Ex 40:22; Eze 8:5

northward.

6:25; 7:2

and the.

7-9; 9:12-14

6-8

of fowls.

5:7; 12:8; Mt 11:29; Lu 2:24; 2Co 8:12; Heb 7:26

wring off his head. or, pinch off the head with the nail.

5:8; Ps 22:1,21; 69:1-21; Isa 53:4,5,10; Mt 26:1-27:66; 1Jo 2:27

his feathers. or, the filth thereof.

Lu 1:35; 1Pe 1:2

by the place.

4:12; 6:10,11; 16:27; Heb 13:11-14

shall not.

Ge 15:10; Ps 16:10; Mt 27:50; Joh 19:30; Ro 4:25; 1Pe 1:19-21; 3:18

it is.

9,10,13; Ge 8:21; Heb 10:6-12; 13:15,16

Numbers 25

1 Israel at Shittim commit whoredom and idolatry.

6 Phinehas kills Zimri and Cozbi.

10 God therefore gives him an everlasting priesthood.

16 The Midianites are to be vexed.

Shittim.

33:49; Jos 2:1; 3:1; Mic 6:5

the people.

31:15,16; Ec 7:26; 1Co 10:8

they called.

Ex 34:15,16; Jos 22:17; 1Ki 11:1-8; Ps 106:28; Ho 9:10; 1Co 10:20

1Co 10:27,28; 2Co 6:16,17; Re 2:14

bowed.

Ex 20:5; 23:24; Jos 23:7,16; 1Ki 19:18

joined.

5; De 4:3,4; Jos 22:17; Ps 106:28,29; Ho 9:10

the anger.

Jos 22:17; Jud 2:14,20; Ps 90:11; Jer 17:4

all the heads.

14,15,18; Ex 18:25; De 4:3; Jos 22:17; 23:2

and hang.Dr. Kennicott remarks, that the Samaritan and Hebrew texts must be united to make the sense of this verse complete: "And the Lord said unto Moses, Speak unto all the heads of the people; and let them slay the men that were joined to Baal-peor; and hang them up before the Lord, against the sun," etc.

De 13:6-9,13,15; 21:23; 2Sa 21:6,9; Es 7:9,10

that the fierce.

11; De 13:17; Jos 7:25,26; Ps 85:3,4; Jon 3:9

judges.

Ex 18:21,25,26

Slay ye.

Ex 22:20; 32:27,28; De 13:6,9,13,15; 17:3-5; 1Ki 18:40

a Midianitish.

14,15; 22:4; 31:2,9-16

in the sight of Moses.

15:30,31; De 29:19-21; Jer 3:3; 8:12; 36:23; 42:15-18; 43:4-7

Jer 44:16,17; 2Pe 2:13-15; Jude 1:13

weeping.

Jud 2:4; Ezr 9:1-4; 10:6-9; Isa 22:12; Eze 9:4-6; Joe 2:17

Phinehas.

Ex 6:25; Jos 22:30,31; Jud 20:28

a javelin.

1Sa 18:10,11; 19:9

thrust.

5,11; Ps 106:29-31

So the plague.

16:46-48; 2Sa 24:25; 1Ch 21:22 St. Paul reckons only 23,000: Moses includes in the 24,000 he names, the 1,000 men who were slain in consequence of the judicial examination, (ver. 4,) as well as the 23,000 who died of the plague; while St. Paul only refers to the latter.

4,5; 16:49,50; De 4:3,4; 1Co 10:8

turned my.

Jos 7:25,26; 2Sa 21:14; Ps 106:23; Joh 3:36

for my sake. Heb. with my zeal.

2Co 11:2

that I.

Ex 22:5; 34:14; De 4:24; 29:20; 32:16,21; Jos 24:19; 1Ki 14:22

Ps 78:58; Eze 16:38; Na 1:2; Zep 1:18; 3:8; 1Co 10:22

13:29; Mal 2:4,5; 3:1

his seed.

1Sa 2:30; 1Ki 2:27; 1Ch 6:4-15,50-53

an everlasting.

Ex 40:15; Isa 61:6; Jer 33:18,22; Heb 7:11,17,18; 1Pe 2:5,9

Re 1:6

zealous.

1Ki 19:10,14; Ps 69:9; 106:31; 119:139; Joh 2:17; Ac 22:3-5

Ro 10:2-4

atonement.

Ex 32:30; Jos 7:12; 2Sa 21:3; Heb 2:17; 1Jo 2:2

a prince.

4,5; 2Ch 19:7

chief house. Heb. house of a father. the Simeonites.

1:23; 26:14

Zur.

31:8; Jos 13:21

16 Balaam's counsel seems to have been first given to Balak, king of Moab; but probably the Midianitish women, especially of the higher ranks, as Cozbi was, were the principal tempters; and the nation of Midian seems to have come into the execrable measure more generally and heartily than that of Moab: they were therefore first selected to be made examples of, for a warning to the Moabites, who were spared at this time.

31:2; Re 18:6

vex you.

31:15,16; Ge 26:10; Ex 32:21,35; Re 2:14

beguiled.

Ge 3:13; 2Co 11:3; 2Pe 2:14,15,18

which.

Numbers 28

1 Offerings are to be observed.

3 The continual burnt offering.

9 The offering on the sabbath;

11 on the new moons;

16 at the passover;

26 in the day of the first-fruits.

my bread.

Le 3:11; 21:6,8; Mal 1:7,12

for a sweet savour unto me. Heb. savour of my rest.

15:3,7,24; Ge 8:21; Ex 29:18; Le 1:9,13,17; 3:11; Eze 16:19

Eze 20:41; *marg:

2Co 2:15; Eph 5:2; Php 4:18

in their due season.The stated sacrifices and service of the tabernacle having, probably, been greatly interrupted for several years, and a new generation having arisen, who were children or minors when the law was given respecting these ordinances; and as they were now about to enter into the promised land, where they must be established and constantly observed; God commands Moses to repeat them to the people in the following order:--1. Daily: the morning and evening sacrifices; a lamb each time. (ver. 3, 4.) 2. Weekly: the sabbath offerings; two lambs of a year old. (ver. 9, 10.) 3. Monthly: at the beginning of each month, two young bullocks, one ram, and seven lambs of a year old, and a kid for a sin offering. (ver. 11-15.) 4. Annual: (1) the Passover to last seven days; the offerings, two young bullocks, one ram, seven lambs of a year old, and a he-goat. (ver. 16-25.) (2) The day of first-fruits: the sacrifices the same as on the beginning of the month. (ver. 26-31.)

9:2,3,7,13; Ex 23:15; Ps 81:3

two lambs.

Ex 29:38,39; Le 6:9; Eze 46:13-15; Joh 1:29; 1Pe 1:19,20; Re 13:8

day by day. Heb. in a day.

Da 8:13; 11:31; 12:11

and the other.

1Ki 18:29,36; Ezr 9:4,5; Ps 141:2; Da 9:21

at even. Heb. between the two evenings.

9:3; Ex 12:6; *marg:

15:4,5; Ex 16:36; 29:38-42; Le 2:1

a continual.

Ex 29:42; Le 6:9; 2Ch 2:4; 31:3; Ezr 3:4; Ps 50:8; Eze 46:14

Am 5:25

was ordained.

Ex 24:18; 29:38-42; 31:18

in the holy.

Ex 29:42

to be poured.

14,31; 15:5,7,10; Ex 29:40; 30:9; Le 23:13; Isa 57:6; Joe 1:9,13

Joe 2:14; Php 2:17; *Gr:

Ex 20:8-11; Ps 92:1-4; Isa 58:13; Eze 20:12; Re 1:10

the burnt.

Eze 46:4,5

the continual.

23; 29:6,11,16,19,22,25,31,34,38,39

in the beginnings.

10:10; 15:3-11; 1Sa 20:5; 2Ki 4:23; 1Ch 23:31; 2Ch 2:4; Ezr 3:5

Ne 10:33; Ps 40:6,8; 81:3; Isa 1:13,14; 66:23; Eze 45:17,18; 46:1,6

Ho 2:11; Am 3:5; Ga 4:10; Col 2:6,16

two young.

19; Heb 10:10-14

15:4-12; 29:10; Eze 46:5-7

for a burnt.

one kid.

22; 15:24; Le 4:23; 16:15; Ro 8:3; 2Co 5:21

beside.

3,10,11

9:3-5; Ex 12:2-11,18,43-49; Le 23:5-8; De 16:1-8; Eze 45:21-24

Mt 26:2,17; Lu 22:7,8; Ac 12:3,4; 1Co 5:7,8

Ex 12:15-17; 13:6; Le 23:6

Ex 12:16; Le 23:7,8

two young.

Eze 45:21-25

they shall.

31; 29:8; Le 22:20; De 15:21; Mal 1:13,14; 1Pe 1:19

3,10

on the seventh.

Ex 12:16; 13:6; Le 23:8

ye shall do.

18,26; 29:1,12,35; Le 23:3,8,21,25,35,36

in the day.

Ex 23:16; 34:22; Le 23:10,15-21; De 16:9-11; Ac 2:1-13; 1Co 15:20

Jas 1:18

two young.

11,19; Le 23:18,19Bishop Patrick observes that no peace offerings are appointed in this chapter, which were chiefly for the benefit of the offerers, and therefore in them they were left more to themselves; but burnt offerings, which were purely for the honour of God, and confessions of his dominion, and which figured evangelical piety and devotion, by which the soul is wholly offered up to God, in the flames of holy love; and sin offerings, which were typical of Christ's sacrifice of himself, by which we and our services are perfected and sanctified.

15,22; 15:24; 2Co 5:21; Ga 3:13; 1Pe 2:24; 3:18

without blemish.

19; Mal 1:13,14

Numbers 29

1 The offering at the feast of trumpets;

7 at the day of afflicting their souls;

12 and on the eight days of the feast of tabernacles.

the seventh.That is, the month Tisri, the seventh month of their ecclesiastical year, but the first of their civil year, answering to our September. This, which was their new year's day, was a time of great festivity, and ushered in by the blowing of trumpets; whence it was also called the feast of blowing the trumpets. In imitation of this Jewish festival, different nations began the new year with sacrifices and festivity. The ancient Egyptians did so; and the Persians also celebrated their {nawee rooz,} or new year's day, which they held on the vernal equinox, and which "lasted ten days, during which all ranks seemed to participate in one general joy. The rich sent presents to the poor; all were dressed in their holiday clothes; all kept open house; and religious processions, music, dancing, a species of theatrical exhibition, rustic sports, and other pastimes, presented a continued round of varied amusement. Even the dead, and the ideal beings were not forgotten; rich viands being placed on the tops of houses and high towers, on the flavour of which the {Peris,} and spirits of their departed heroes and friends, were supposed to feast." After the Mohammedan conquest of Persia, the celebration of this period sensibly declined, and at last totally ceased, till the time of Jelaladdin (about A.D. 1082), who, coming to the crown at the vernal equinox, re-established the ancient festival, which has ever since been celebrated with pomp and acclamations.

Le 23:24,25; Ezr 3:6; Ne 7:73

the first day of the month.The monthly sacrifices were regulated by the new moons; and it is probable that the solemn sacrifices were appointed by God, to prevent the idolatry which was usual among the heathen at this period; who expressed the most extravagant rejoicings on the first appearance of the new moon. Moses, however, used the return of the moon only as one of the most natural and convenient measures of time; and appointed sacrifices to Jehovah, to prevent the Israelites from falling into the idolatries of their heathen neighbours. In the serene climate of Arabia and Judea, its first faint crescent is, for the most part, visible to all.

blowing.

10:1-10; 1Ch 15:28; Ps 81:3; 89:15; Isa 27:13; Zec 9:14

Mr 16:15,16; Ro 10:14-18; 15:16-19

8,36; 28:19,27; Heb 10:10-14

28:15,22,30

the burnt.

28:11-15

the daily.

28:3-8; Ex 29:38-42; Le 6:9

according.

18,21; 9:14; 15:11,12,24; Ezr 3:4

on the tenth.

Le 16:29-31; 23:27

afflict.

Le 16:29; Ezr 8:21; Ps 35:13; 126:5,6; Isa 22:12; 58:3-5; Zec 7:3

Zec 12:10; Mt 5:4; Lu 13:3,5; Ac 27:9; Ro 6:6; 1Co 9:27; 2Co 7:9-11

Jas 4:8-10

without blemish.

2,13; 28:19

15:3-12

beside.

Le 16:3,5,9; Isa 53:10; Da 9:24-26; Heb 7:27; 9:25-28

the continual.

6; 28:3-8

the fifteenth day.This was the feast of Tabernacles, kept in commemoration of their dwelling in tents in the wilderness for forty years. The first and last days were to be kept as sabbaths, on which there were solemn assemblies; and for seven days sacrifices were offered. On the other festivals, two bullocks sufficed, (ch. 28:11, 19, 27), and on the festival at the beginning of this month, only one was appointed; but, on the first day of this festival, thirteen young bullocks were appointed; and so on each successive day, with the decrease of only one bullock, till on the seventh day, there were only seven, making in all seventy bullocks. The lambs, and the rams also, were in a double proportion to the number sacrificed at any other festival. This was an expensive service; but more easy at this time of the year than any other, as Bishop Patrick observes, because now their barns were full, and their wine-presses overflowed; and their hearts might well be supposed to be more enlarged than at other times, in thankfulness to God for the multitude of his mercies. The Jewish doctors give this reason for the daily diminution of the number of the bullocks: the whole number, say they, was according to the languages of the seventy nations of the world; and the diminution of one every day signified, that there should be a gradual diminution of those nations till all things were brought under the government of the Messiah; in whose days "no sacrifices shall remain, but those of thanksgiving, prayer, and praise."

Ex 23:16; 34:22; Le 23:33-43; De 16:13,14; Ne 8:14,18; Eze 45:25

Zec 14:16-19; Joh 1:14; Heb 11:9-13

thirteen young bullocks.

2,8; 28:11,19,27; Ezr 3:4; Heb 10:12-14At this feast thirteen bullocks, two rams, and fourteen lambs, were to be offered. It is worthy of remark, that in each of the seven days of this feast one bullock is to be abated, so that on the seventh day (ver. 32) they were to offer seven bullocks, but the rams and lambs were every day alike; which appointment might signify a diminishing and wearing away of the legal offerings, to lead them to the spiritual and reasonable service, by presenting their own bodies a living sacrifice, holy, and acceptable unto God.

Ro 12:1

13,20-40; Ps 40:6; 50:8,9; 51:16,17; 69:31; Isa 1:11; Jer 7:22,23

Ho 6:6; Ro 12:1; Heb 8:13; 9:3-14

after the manner.That is, after the manner already prescribed.

3,4,6,9,10; 15:4-12; 28:7,14

11,22,25; Am 8:14

after the manner.

drink offering.

Ps 16:4; Joe 1:9,13; 2:14

11; Joh 8:31; Ac 13:43; Ro 2:7; Ga 2:5; 6:9; 2Th 3:13; Heb 3:14

Heb 10:39; 13:15

eighth day.Though this day was properly a distinct festival, and esteemed the chief or high day of the feast, yet fewer sacrifices are appointed for it than for any of the foregoing seven. On every one of them two rams and fourteen lambs were offered; but on this day there were but half as many; and whereas seven bullocks were the fewest that were offered on any of those days, on this there was only one. At this feast, there was an extraordinary ceremony of which the rabbins inform us, namely, the drawing water out of the pool of Siloam, and pouring it, mixed with wine, on the sacrifice as it lay on the altar. This they are said to have done with such expressions of joy, that it became a common proverb, "He that never saw the rejoicing of drawing of water, never saw rejoicing in all his life." The Jews pretend to ground this custom on the following passage of Isaiah, (ch. 12:3,) "With joy shall ye draw water out of the wells of salvation;" and to this ceremony Jesus is supposed to refer, when "in the last day, the great day of the feast, he stood and cried, saying, If any man thirst, let him come unto me, and drink: he that believeth on me, as the Scripture saith, out of his belly shall flow rivers of living water," (Joh 7:37, 38:) thereby calling off the people from their carnal mirth and festive and pompous ceremonies, to seek spiritual refreshment for their minds.

Le 23:36; Joh 7:37-39; Re 7:9-17

do, or, offer. in your set feasts.It appears from the account in these two chapters, that there were annually offered to God, at the public charge, independently of a prodigious number of voluntary, vow, and trespass offerings, 15 goats, 21 kids, 72 rams, 132 bullocks, and 1,101 lambs. But how little is all this compared with the lambs slain every year at the passover. Cestius, the Roman general, asked the priests how many persons had come to Jerusalem at their annual festivals: the priests, numbering the people by the lambs that had been slain, said, "twenty-five myriads, 5,000, and 600."

Le 23:2; 1Ch 23:31; 2Ch 31:3; Ezr 3:5; Ne 10:33; Isa 1:14

beside your vows.

6:21; Le 7:11,16-38; 22:21-23; 23:28; De 12:6; 1Co 10:31

Ex 40:16; De 4:5; Mt 28:20; Ac 20:27; 1Co 15:3; Heb 3:2,5